{"id":14544,"date":"2023-01-09T10:48:59","date_gmt":"2023-01-09T10:48:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14544"},"modified":"2023-01-09T10:48:59","modified_gmt":"2023-01-09T10:48:59","slug":"unusual-bobcat-spotted-in-urban-washington-dc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/unusual-bobcat-spotted-in-urban-washington-dc\/","title":{"rendered":"Neobvykl\u00e1 rys spat\u0159ena v m\u011bstsk\u00e9 oblasti Washingtonu, D.C."},"content":{"rendered":"

Neobvykl\u00fd rys spat\u0159en ve m\u011bstsk\u00e9 oblasti Washingtonu, D.C.<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

V p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9m zvratu ud\u00e1lost\u00ed byl rys spat\u0159en, jak se toul\u00e1 ulicemi Georgetownu ve Washingtonu, D.C. Toto vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 spat\u0159en\u00ed zanechalo odborn\u00edky na divokou zv\u011b\u0159 zmaten\u00e9 a vyvolalo diskuse o roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed rys\u016f do m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Rys byl zachycen na fotopast, kterou u Chesapeaksk\u00e9ho a Ohio kan\u00e1lu um\u00edstila organizace DC Cat Count, kter\u00e1 sleduje populace dom\u00e1c\u00edch a divok\u00fdch ko\u010dek v hlavn\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b USA. Z\u00e1b\u011bry, kter\u00e9 se od t\u00e9 doby staly vir\u00e1ln\u00ed, ukazuj\u00ed rysa, jak kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed pod\u00e9l kan\u00e1lu, jeho v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 vzory srsti a kr\u00e1tk\u00fd ocas jsou jasn\u011b viditeln\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Poprv\u00e9 v D.C.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Podle Dana Raucha, biologa voln\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f z D.C. Department of Energy & Environment, se jedn\u00e1 o prvn\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed divok\u00e9ho rysa v D.C. v ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 historii. Rysov\u00e9 se \u010dast\u011bji vyskytuj\u00ed ve venkovsk\u00fdch oblastech a jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed je neobvykl\u00e1, zejm\u00e9na na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed do m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Rysov\u00e9 se tradi\u010dn\u011b vyh\u00fdbali m\u011bstsk\u00fdm oblastem na v\u00fdchodn\u00edm pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00e9 povaze ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi m\u011bstsk\u00fdmi divok\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty, jako jsou kojoti a li\u0161ky. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e1 pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee rysov\u00e9 za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed roz\u0161i\u0159ovat sv\u016fj are\u00e1l do m\u011bstsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed, a to i v hust\u011b os\u00eddlen\u00fdch oblastech, jako je Washington, D.C.<\/p>\n\n

Mo\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fvody roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

Ekolog Michael Cove ze State University v Severn\u00ed Karol\u00edn\u011b nazna\u010duje, \u017ee roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed rys\u016f do m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblast\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zp\u016fsobeno kombinac\u00ed faktor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • Ztr\u00e1ta a fragmentace stanovi\u0161\u0165 ve venkovsk\u00fdch oblastech<\/li>\n
  • Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e1 dostupnost ko\u0159isti v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed (jako jsou drobn\u00ed hlodavci a kr\u00e1l\u00edci)<\/li>\n
  • Zlep\u0161en\u00e9 propojen\u00ed mezi m\u011bstsk\u00fdmi zelen\u00fdmi plochami, jako jsou parky a stezky<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    I kdy\u017e jsou rysov\u00e9 obecn\u011b plach\u00e1 zv\u00ed\u0159ata, jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 obavy z mo\u017en\u00fdch konflikt\u016f s lidmi a dom\u00e1c\u00edmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty. Studie v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee rysov\u00e9 jen z\u0159\u00eddka lov\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata a p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed malou hrozbu pro \u010dlov\u011bka.<\/p>\n\n

    Budoucnost rys\u016f v D.C.<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Zda si rysov\u00e9 vytvo\u0159\u00ed trvalou p\u0159\u00edtomnost ve Washingtonu, D.C., se teprve uvid\u00ed. Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, aby se zjistilo, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry jsou p\u0159\u00edtomni a jak\u00e9 potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed dopady maj\u00ed na m\u011bstsk\u00fd ekosyst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n\n

    D\u016fle\u017eitost tolerance<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Ekolog divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e Jim Sanderson z Nadace pro ochranu mal\u00fdch divok\u00fdch ko\u010dek zd\u016fraz\u0148uje v\u00fdznam tolerance v\u016f\u010di divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159i v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. “Mus\u00edme otev\u0159\u00edt o\u010di a za\u010d\u00edt p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o toleranci,” \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. “Jak \u017eijeme kolem t\u011bchto zv\u00ed\u0159at, tolerujeme jejich existenci, stejn\u011b jako ona toleruje tu na\u0161i?”<\/p>\n\n

    Dal\u0161\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed rys\u016f<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed rys\u016f v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech jsou st\u00e1le b\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed po cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech. V Dallas-Fort Worth byli rysov\u00e9 spat\u0159eni na golfov\u00fdch h\u0159i\u0161t\u00edch, v podjezdech a dokonce i na parkovi\u0161ti Home Depot. V Portlandu v Oregonu byl utracen mlad\u00fd rys pot\u00e9, co vstoupil do m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0161koly, co\u017e vyvolalo kontroverze ohledn\u011b tohoto rozhodnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

    Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n

    Pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed rysa ve Washingtonu, D.C. zd\u016fraz\u0148uje rostouc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edtomnost divok\u00e9 zv\u011b\u0159e v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech. I kdy\u017e rysov\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed malou hrozbu pro \u010dlov\u011bka a dom\u00e1c\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ata, jejich p\u0159\u00edtomnost vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edho se vztahu mezi divokou zv\u011b\u0159\u00ed a \u010dlov\u011bkem v m\u011bstsk\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Neobvykl\u00fd rys spat\u0159en ve m\u011bstsk\u00e9 oblasti Washingtonu, D.C. V p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9m zvratu ud\u00e1lost\u00ed byl rys spat\u0159en, jak se toul\u00e1 ulicemi Georgetownu ve Washingtonu, D.C. Toto vz\u00e1cn\u00e9 spat\u0159en\u00ed zanechalo odborn\u00edky na divokou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[19524,16083,2244,19523,7115],"class_list":["post-14544","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-wildlife-in-cities","tag-urban-wildlife","tag-urban-ecology","tag-bobcats","tag-washington-d-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14544","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14544"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14544\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14545,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14544\/revisions\/14545"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}