{"id":14561,"date":"2024-04-11T11:36:28","date_gmt":"2024-04-11T11:36:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14561"},"modified":"2024-04-11T11:36:28","modified_gmt":"2024-04-11T11:36:28","slug":"cave-formations-reveal-ancient-earthquakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/earth-sciences\/cave-formations-reveal-ancient-earthquakes\/","title":{"rendered":"Stalagmity prozrad\u00ed, jak\u00e1 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed ot\u0159\u00e1sala Zem\u00ed v minulosti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jeskynn\u00ed \u00fatvary poskytuj\u00ed vod\u00edtka ke starov\u011bk\u00fdm zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm<\/h2>\n\n

Stalagmity: p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed seismometry<\/h2>\n\n

V hlubin\u00e1ch jeskyn\u00ed, pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem, le\u017e\u00ed \u00fatvary ukr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed cenn\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed o seismick\u00e9 minulosti na\u0161\u00ed planety. Stalagmity, ty\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se ku\u017eelovit\u00e9 struktury vystupuj\u00edc\u00ed z jeskynn\u00edch podlah, se staly slibn\u00fdmi “paleoseismick\u00fdmi indik\u00e1tory”, poskytuj\u00edc\u00edmi vod\u00edtka o na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed, velikosti a p\u016fvodu starov\u011bk\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Odhalen\u00ed z\u00e1znam\u016f o zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci zjistili, \u017ee zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed mohou naru\u0161it b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 r\u016fstov\u00e9 vzorce stalagmit\u016f. Kdy\u017e ude\u0159\u00ed zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to posunout zem a zm\u011bnit tok vodn\u00edch kapek, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed stalagmity. Tato naru\u0161en\u00ed zanech\u00e1vaj\u00ed ve struktu\u0159e stalagmitu charakteristick\u00e9 znaky, jako jsou posuny, zm\u011bny barvy a posuny r\u016fstov\u00e9 osy.<\/p>\n\n

Studiem t\u011bchto naru\u0161en\u00ed mohou v\u011bdci ur\u010dit p\u0159ibli\u017en\u00fd \u010das zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. Pomoc\u00ed technik datov\u00e1n\u00ed hornin, jako je datov\u00e1n\u00ed uran-thoriem, mohou vypo\u010d\u00edtat st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00e9ho r\u016fstu stalagmitu a porovnat jej se zn\u00e1m\u00fdmi seismick\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi v regionu.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edpadov\u00e9 studie: Stalagmity jako seizmick\u00e9 sv\u011bdky<\/h2>\n\n

V zlomov\u00e9m syst\u00e9mu \u00fadol\u00ed Wabash odhalil t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f veden\u00fd Samuelem Pannem d\u016fkazy o starov\u011bk\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edch pomoc\u00ed anal\u00fdzy stalagmit\u016f. V jeskyni Donnehue v Indian\u011b na\u0161li p\u00e1r stalagmit\u016f, kter\u00e9 p\u0159estaly r\u016fst asi p\u0159ed 100 000 lety a pot\u00e9 obnovily r\u016fst p\u0159ed 6 000 lety, co\u017e se shoduje se zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm o s\u00edle 7 stup\u0148\u016f v regionu. Dal\u0161\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00ed stalagmit za\u010dal r\u016fst p\u0159ed 1 800 lety, p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se se zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm o s\u00edle 6,2 stupn\u011b, a vykazoval n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 posuny r\u016fstov\u00e9 osy, kter\u00e9 se shodovaly s dal\u0161\u00edmi seismick\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi v nedalek\u00e9 seizmick\u00e9 z\u00f3n\u011b New Madrid.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhody anal\u00fdzy stalagmit\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s tradi\u010dn\u00edmi paleoliquefak\u010dn\u00edmi studiemi, kter\u00e9 analyzuj\u00ed ot\u0159esenou p\u016fdu ve starov\u011bk\u00fdch sedimentech, nab\u00edz\u00ed datov\u00e1n\u00ed stalagmit\u016f n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod. Datov\u00e1n\u00ed uran-thoriem umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u011bdc\u016fm odhalit seismick\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly a\u017e z doby p\u0159ed p\u016fl milionem let, co\u017e roz\u0161i\u0159uje dosah v\u00fdzkumu zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed za hranice omezen\u00ed radiokarbonov\u00e9ho datov\u00e1n\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho jsou stalagmity m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1chyln\u00e9 k erozi a naru\u0161en\u00ed, co\u017e zaji\u0161\u0165uje zachov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1znam\u016f o zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edch v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdzvy a budouc\u00ed sm\u011bry<\/h2>\n\n

Zat\u00edmco stalagmity jsou velmi slibn\u00e9 pro paleozem\u011bt\u0159esn\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, jako je zm\u011bna klimatu a z\u00e1plavy, mohou tak\u00e9 ovlivnit r\u016fst stalagmit\u016f. Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed siln\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpadu pro starov\u011bk\u00e1 zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed vy\u017eaduje nalezen\u00ed v\u00edce p\u00e1r\u016f stalagmit\u016f podobn\u00e9ho v\u011bku v r\u016fzn\u00fdch jeskyn\u00edch, co\u017e vylu\u010duje alternativn\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pro poruchy r\u016fstu.<\/p>\n\n

Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum zkoum\u00e1 zp\u016fsoby, jak zdokonalit techniky datov\u00e1n\u00ed stalagmit\u016f a rozpl\u00e9st \u00fa\u010dinky zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed od jin\u00fdch faktor\u016f. Kombinov\u00e1n\u00edm anal\u00fdzy stalagmit\u016f s jin\u00fdmi metodami se v\u011bdci sna\u017e\u00ed vytvo\u0159it komplexn\u00ed obraz minul\u00e9 seismick\u00e9 aktivity, poskytuj\u00edc\u00ed cenn\u00e9 poznatky pro p\u0159ipravenost na zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho n\u00e1sledk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Odemknut\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed minulosti, informov\u00e1n\u00ed o budoucnosti<\/h2>\n\n

Pochopen\u00ed periodicity a charakteristik minul\u00fdch zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro posouzen\u00ed budouc\u00edch rizik zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed. Stalagmity, se svou schopnost\u00ed uchov\u00e1vat z\u00e1znamy o zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed v obrovsk\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159\u00edtc\u00edch, nab\u00edzej\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro odhalen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed seismick\u00e9 historie Zem\u011b. Studiem t\u011bchto starov\u011bk\u00fdch formac\u00ed mohou v\u011bdci z\u00edskat neoceniteln\u00e9 znalosti, kter\u00e9 pomohou komunit\u00e1m p\u0159ipravit se na budouc\u00ed zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a zm\u00edrnit jejich dopady.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jeskynn\u00ed \u00fatvary poskytuj\u00ed vod\u00edtka ke starov\u011bk\u00fdm zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm Stalagmity: p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed seismometry V hlubin\u00e1ch jeskyn\u00ed, pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem, le\u017e\u00ed \u00fatvary ukr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed cenn\u00e1 tajemstv\u00ed o seismick\u00e9 minulosti na\u0161\u00ed planety. Stalagmity, ty\u010d\u00edc\u00ed se ku\u017eelovit\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[728],"tags":[207,19543,4270,19542,572],"class_list":["post-14561","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-sciences","tag-geology","tag-paleoearthquakes","tag-seismology","tag-stalagmites","tag-earth-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14561","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14561"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14561\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14562,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14561\/revisions\/14562"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14561"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14561"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14561"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}