Po tis\u00edce let lid\u00e9 chovali ku\u0159ata p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro z\u00e1bavu. Kohout\u00ed z\u00e1pasy, brut\u00e1ln\u00ed sport zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed nucen\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy kohout\u016f, byly popul\u00e1rn\u00ed z\u00e1bavou v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii a \u010c\u00edn\u011b ji\u017e p\u0159ed 10 000 lety. Teprve mnohem pozd\u011bji se v\u0161ak ku\u0159ata stala z\u00e1kladn\u00ed slo\u017ekou lidsk\u00e9 stravy.<\/p>\n\n
Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 archeologick\u00e9 vykop\u00e1vky v Mare\u0161i, starobyl\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b v Izraeli, odhalily d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ku\u0159ata byla konzumov\u00e1na jako potrava ji\u017e v roce 400 p\u0159. n. l. V\u011bdci objevili p\u0159es tis\u00edc ku\u0159ec\u00edch kost\u00ed s \u0159ezn\u00fdmi stopami po kuchy\u0148sk\u00fdch no\u017e\u00edch. Pozoruhodn\u00e9 je, \u017ee na\u0161li dvakr\u00e1t v\u00edce sami\u010d\u00edch ostatk\u016f ne\u017e sam\u010d\u00edch, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ku\u0159ata nebyla chov\u00e1na pro z\u00e1pasy, ale pro maso.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u0159echod od kohout\u00edch z\u00e1pas\u016f ke konzumaci ku\u0159at ovlivnilo n\u011bkolik faktor\u016f. Such\u00e9 st\u0159edomo\u0159sk\u00e9 klima mohlo usnadnit chov ku\u0159at v zajet\u00ed ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Fyzick\u00e9 zm\u011bny u samotn\u00fdch ku\u0159at je tak\u00e9 mohly u\u010dinit p\u0159ita\u017eliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi jako zdroj potravy.<\/p>\n\n
V\u011bdci v\u0161ak zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm faktorem byla pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b kulturn\u00ed zm\u011bna ve zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm lid\u00e9 p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli o j\u00eddle. “Je to ot\u00e1zka kultury,” \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Lee Perry-Gal, doktorand archeologie na Haifsk\u00e9 univerzit\u011b. “Mus\u00edte se rozhodnout, \u017ee budete od nyn\u011bj\u0161ka j\u00edst ku\u0159e.”<\/p>\n\n
Popularita ku\u0159at jako zdroje potravy se z Mare\u0161e rychle roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila. V prvn\u00edm stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. se konzumace ku\u0159at ve velk\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku st\u00e1vala b\u011b\u017enou v Evrop\u011b. Dnes je ku\u0159e jedn\u00edm z nejobl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00edch druh\u016f masa na sv\u011bt\u011b. Jen ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 ro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159es 80 liber ku\u0159ec\u00edho masa na osobu.<\/p>\n\n
O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee popularita ku\u0159at bude v nadch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch letech d\u00e1le r\u016fst. S r\u016fstem sv\u011btov\u00e9 populace a roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm urbanizace pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vzroste popt\u00e1vka po cenov\u011b dostupn\u00fdch a v\u00fd\u017eivn\u00fdch zdroj\u00edch b\u00edlkovin. Ku\u0159ec\u00ed maso m\u00e1 dobrou pozici, aby tuto popt\u00e1vku uspokojilo d\u00edky sv\u00e9 relativn\u011b n\u00edzk\u00e9 cen\u011b, vysok\u00e9 nutri\u010dn\u00ed hodnot\u011b a v\u0161estrannosti p\u0159i va\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu se ku\u0159ata vyvinula tak, \u017ee se stala klidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a m\u00e9n\u011b agresivn\u00ed, co\u017e usnadnilo jejich chov v zajet\u00ed. Vyvinula tak\u00e9 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed prsa a stehna, kter\u00e1 poskytovala v\u00edce masa ke konzumaci.<\/p>\n\n
V mnoha kultur\u00e1ch byla ku\u0159ata zpo\u010d\u00e1tku pova\u017eov\u00e1na za symboly plodnosti a \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. Tato pozitivn\u00ed asociace mo\u017en\u00e1 p\u0159isp\u011bla k jejich p\u0159ijet\u00ed jako zdroje potravy. Krom\u011b toho mohla dostupnost ku\u0159at v ur\u010dit\u00fdch regionech ovlivnit jejich popularitu jako z\u00e1kladn\u00ed potraviny.<\/p>\n\n
Domestikace a konzumace ku\u0159at m\u011bly v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na lidskou historii. Ku\u0159ata poskytovala spolehliv\u00fd zdroj b\u00edlkovin, p\u0159isp\u011bla k rozvoji zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a hr\u00e1la roli v kulturn\u00edch a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch praktik\u00e1ch po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Budoucnost konzumace ku\u0159at bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b ovlivn\u011bna faktory, jako je r\u016fst populace, urbanizace a technologick\u00fd pokrok ve v\u00fdrob\u011b potravin. Inovace v chovu dr\u016fbe\u017ee a technik\u00e1ch zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed by mohly d\u00e1le zv\u00fd\u0161it dostupnost a cenovou dostupnost ku\u0159at.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Historie konzumace ku\u0159at: Od z\u00e1pas\u016f k j\u00eddlu Domestikace a kohout\u00ed z\u00e1pasy Po tis\u00edce let lid\u00e9 chovali ku\u0159ata p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro z\u00e1bavu. Kohout\u00ed z\u00e1pasy, brut\u00e1ln\u00ed sport zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed nucen\u00e9 z\u00e1pasy kohout\u016f, byly popul\u00e1rn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[348],"tags":[88,347,1770,99],"class_list":["post-14676","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-food-and-agriculture","tag-archaeology","tag-food-history","tag-cultural-history","tag-lifescienceart"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14676","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14676"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14676\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14677,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14676\/revisions\/14677"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14676"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14676"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14676"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}