{"id":14744,"date":"2020-06-22T03:32:06","date_gmt":"2020-06-22T03:32:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14744"},"modified":"2020-06-22T03:32:06","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T03:32:06","slug":"bathysphere-pioneering-dive-deep-sea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/marine-science\/bathysphere-pioneering-dive-deep-sea\/","title":{"rendered":"Batyosf\u00e9ra: Pr\u016fkopnick\u00fd ponor do hlubin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Batysf\u00e9ra: Pr\u016fkopnick\u00fd ponor do hlubin<\/h2>\n\n

Zrod hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 1930 se vydala pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 expedice na misi s c\u00edlem prozkoumat z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 hlubiny Atlantsk\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Pod veden\u00edm odd\u011blen\u00ed tropick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu (DTR) se t\u00fdm v\u011bdc\u016f vydal klesat do nezn\u00e1ma na palub\u011b revolu\u010dn\u00edho ponorn\u00e9ho plavidla: batysf\u00e9ry.<\/p>\n\n

Batysf\u00e9ra: Technologick\u00fd z\u00e1zrak<\/h2>\n\n

Batysf\u00e9ra, navr\u017een\u00e1 Otisem Bartonem, byla \u010dty\u0159ap\u016flstopov\u00e1 ocelov\u00e1 koule vybaven\u00e1 t\u0159emi k\u0159emenn\u00fdmi okny a sofistikovan\u00fdm kysl\u00edkov\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem. Jej\u00ed st\u00edsn\u011bn\u00fd interi\u00e9r pojal dva v\u011bdce: Williama Beebeho, renomovan\u00e9ho ornitologa, a samotn\u00e9ho Bartona.<\/p>\n\n

Do hlubin: Cesta objev\u016f<\/h2>\n\n
    \n
  1. \u010dervna 1930 se batysf\u00e9ra potopila do oce\u00e1nu u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed ostrova Nonsuch. Jak klesala, sv\u011bt za okny se m\u011bnil. Tepl\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo vybledlo a nahradilo ho chladn\u00e9 sv\u011btlo bioluminiscence.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Beebe, fascinovan\u00fd podmo\u0159sk\u00fdm divadlem, zaznamen\u00e1val sv\u00e9 post\u0159ehy s pe\u010dlivou p\u0159esnost\u00ed. Byl sv\u011bdkem kaleidoskopu mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, od drobn\u00fdch krevet a med\u00faz a\u017e po bioluminiscentn\u00ed ryby a nepolapateln\u00e9 \u00faho\u0159e. Expedice identifikovala des\u00edtky nov\u00fdch druh\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ila na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho ekosyst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n\n

    V\u00fdznam lidsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti<\/h2>\n\n

    Beebe si uv\u011bdomil transforma\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edlu fyzick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti v hlubok\u00e9m mo\u0159i. V\u00fdzvy a rizika, kter\u00e1 s t\u00edm souvisela, pos\u00edlila jeho pocit zranitelnosti a propojenosti s p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm sv\u011btem. Jeho \u017eiv\u00e9 popisy a ilustrace p\u0159inesly z\u00e1zraky hlubin do p\u0159edstavivosti bezpo\u010dtu \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

    Vliv na mo\u0159skou v\u011bdu<\/h2>\n\n

    Expedice s batysf\u00e9rou zp\u016fsobila revoluci v mo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u011bd\u011b. Poskytla neoceniteln\u00e9 poznatky o biodiverzit\u011b, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed a chov\u00e1n\u00ed hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00fdch organism\u016f. Objevy u\u010din\u011bn\u00e9 b\u011bhem expedice nad\u00e1le ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed dodnes.<\/p>\n\n

    William Beebe: Vizion\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd objevitel<\/h2>\n\n

    William Beebeho neochv\u011bjn\u00fd entuziasmus a naka\u017eliv\u00e1 zv\u011bdavost poh\u00e1n\u011bly \u00fasp\u011bch expedice. Jeho schopnost zprost\u0159edkovat kr\u00e1su a \u00fa\u017eas hlubok\u00e9ho mo\u0159e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00fdch spis\u016f a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ek inspirovala generace v\u011bdc\u016f a milovn\u00edk\u016f p\u0159\u00edrody.<\/p>\n\n

    D\u011bdictv\u00ed batysf\u00e9ry<\/h2>\n\n

    Expedice s batysf\u00e9rou znamenala z\u00e1sadn\u00ed okam\u017eik v historii hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu. Otev\u0159ela cestu pro dal\u0161\u00ed pokroky v ponorn\u00e9 technologii a polo\u017eila z\u00e1klady pro na\u0161e pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed porozum\u011bt tajemstv\u00edm oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch hlubin.<\/p>\n\n

    V\u00fdzvy hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu<\/h2>\n\n

    Pr\u016fzkum hlubok\u00e9ho mo\u0159e p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed s sebou inherentn\u00ed v\u00fdzvy. Extr\u00e9mn\u00ed tlak, tma a chlad mohou b\u00fdt nemilosrdn\u00e9. Expedice s batysf\u00e9rou prok\u00e1zala pot\u0159ebu specializovan\u00e9ho vybaven\u00ed, pe\u010dliv\u00e9ho pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed a hlubok\u00e9ho pochopen\u00ed mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

    D\u016fle\u017eitost spolupr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n\n

    Expedice s batysf\u00e9rou byla d\u016fkazem s\u00edly spolupr\u00e1ce. V\u011bdci, in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i a um\u011blci spolupracovali na n\u00e1vrhu, stavb\u011b a provozu batysf\u00e9ry. Jejich spole\u010dn\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 a odborn\u00e9 znalosti vedly k pr\u016fkopnick\u00fdm objev\u016fm, kter\u00e9 nad\u00e1le utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed hlubin oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n

    Budoucnost hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu<\/h2>\n\n

    Dnes hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016fzkum pokra\u010duje v rozvoji zrychlen\u00fdm tempem. Nov\u00e9 technologie, jako jsou d\u00e1lkov\u011b ovl\u00e1dan\u00e1 vozidla (ROV) a autonomn\u00ed podvodn\u00ed vozidla (AUV), umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm zkoumat d\u0159\u00edve nep\u0159\u00edstupn\u00e9 oblasti oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n

    D\u011bdictv\u00ed expedice s batysf\u00e9rou n\u00e1s inspiruje k tomu, abychom posunuli hranice na\u0161ich znalost\u00ed a chr\u00e1nili k\u0159ehk\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my hlubok\u00e9ho mo\u0159e pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Batysf\u00e9ra: Pr\u016fkopnick\u00fd ponor do hlubin Zrod hlubokomo\u0159sk\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu V roce 1930 se vydala pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 expedice na misi s c\u00edlem prozkoumat z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 hlubiny Atlantsk\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Pod veden\u00edm odd\u011blen\u00ed tropick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu (DTR)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1300],"tags":[19757,1797,15730,361,1302,19759,19758],"class_list":["post-14744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-science","tag-bathysphere","tag-history-of-science","tag-deep-sea-exploration","tag-marine-biology","tag-oceanography","tag-submersibles","tag-william-beebe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14744"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14745,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14744\/revisions\/14745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}