N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v sam\u00e9m srdci Washingtonu, D.C., je r\u00e1jem pro nad\u0161ence do astronomie i v\u011bdce. S nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi dalekohledy a uzn\u00e1van\u00fdmi astronomy nab\u00edz\u00ed observato\u0159 pohled do div\u016f vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n
N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159 m\u00e1 bohatou historii sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do roku 1830. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed hr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v astronomick\u00e9m v\u00fdzkumu, od objevov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f Marsu a\u017e po sestaven\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho hv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho katalogu na sv\u011bt\u011b. P\u016fsobiv\u00e1 sb\u00edrka dalekohled\u016f observato\u0159e zahrnuje 12palcov\u00fd refraktor, kter\u00fd byl rozs\u00e1hle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n v programu Apollo k ur\u010den\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy M\u011bs\u00edce.<\/p>\n\n
N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159 nab\u00edz\u00ed prohl\u00eddky a programy pro ve\u0159ejnost, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm poskytuj\u00ed pohled z prvn\u00ed ruky na jej\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a pr\u00e1ci jej\u00edch astronom\u016f. Prohl\u00eddky v pond\u011bl\u00ed ve\u010der umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm prozkoumat are\u00e1l observato\u0159e a pod\u00edvat se jej\u00edmi dalekohledy, pokud to po\u010das\u00ed dovol\u00ed. Smithsonian Associates tak\u00e9 po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 kurzy pro ve\u0159ejnost, kde se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci mohou dozv\u011bd\u011bt o nebesk\u00e9 navigaci a technik\u00e1ch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzd.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b sv\u00e9ho astronomick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu je N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159 zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za \u00fadr\u017ebu Hlavn\u00edch hodin Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. Tyto neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9 hodiny maj\u00ed p\u0159esnost na jednu miliardtinu sekundy za den a slou\u017e\u00ed jako \u010dasov\u00e1 reference pro cel\u00fd n\u00e1rod. Jejich z\u00e1lo\u017en\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159es chodbu, zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee p\u0159esn\u00fd \u010das je v\u017edy k dispozici.<\/p>\n\n
A\u010dkoli N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159 poskytuje v\u00fdjime\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost ke sledov\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzd, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 poznamenat, \u017ee sv\u011bteln\u00e9 zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed v m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech m\u016f\u017ee pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed br\u00e1nit. Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed hledaj\u00ed autenti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitek z pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzd, doporu\u010duje odborn\u00fd astronom Richard Schmidt vydat se 50 mil za m\u011bsto do st\u00e1tn\u00edho parku Sky Meadows.<\/p>\n\n
Pro navigaci na no\u010dn\u00ed obloze je nezbytn\u00e9 porozum\u011bt hv\u011bzdn\u00fdm map\u00e1m a souhv\u011bzd\u00edm. Hv\u011bzdn\u00e9 mapy poskytuj\u00ed vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn\u00ed hv\u011bzd a jejich poloh, zat\u00edmco souhv\u011bzd\u00ed jsou skupiny hv\u011bzd, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed rozpoznateln\u00e9 obrazce. Studiem hv\u011bzdn\u00fdch map a \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed na komentovan\u00fdch programech pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed hv\u011bzd se mohou n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci nau\u010dit identifikovat planety, souhv\u011bzd\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed nebesk\u00e9 objekty.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u010dasu je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 a technologick\u00e9 aplikace, v\u010detn\u011b navigace, komunikace a pr\u016fzkumu vesm\u00edru. Hlavn\u00ed hodiny N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159e poskytuj\u00ed z\u00e1klad pro p\u0159esn\u00e9 m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u010dasu v cel\u00e9 zemi, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u011bdc\u016fm a in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm prov\u00e1d\u011bt svou pr\u00e1ci s nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed mo\u017enou p\u0159esnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Mnoho astronom\u016f vysleduje svou v\u00e1\u0161e\u0148 pro hv\u011bzdy a\u017e ke sv\u00fdm d\u011btsk\u00fdm z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016fm. Fyzik observato\u0159e Geoff Chester p\u0159ipisuje svou celo\u017eivotn\u00ed fascinaci astronomi\u00ed knize Willyho Leyho “Dob\u00fdv\u00e1n\u00ed vesm\u00edru” a jej\u00edm \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdm ilustrac\u00edm. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v observato\u0159i a sv\u00fdch osv\u011btov\u00fdch program\u016f pro ve\u0159ejnost Chester i nad\u00e1le inspiruje budouc\u00ed generace astronom\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Navzdory v\u00fdzv\u00e1m sv\u011bteln\u00e9ho zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je st\u00e1le mo\u017en\u00e9 pozorovat hv\u011bzdy ve m\u011bstsk\u00fdch oblastech. Kl\u00ed\u010dem je naj\u00edt m\u00edsto s minim\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bteln\u00fdm ru\u0161en\u00edm. Schmidt navrhuje vyh\u00fdbat se m\u00edst\u016fm v bl\u00edzkosti pouli\u010dn\u00edch lamp a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f jasn\u00e9ho sv\u011btla. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee pou\u017eit\u00ed dalekohledu nebo teleskopu zlep\u0161it viditelnost hv\u011bzd a planet.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Pr\u016fzkum oblohy: Cesta N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159\u00ed Astronomie v N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159i N\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00ed observato\u0159, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v sam\u00e9m srdci Washingtonu, D.C., je r\u00e1jem pro nad\u0161ence do astronomie i v\u011bdce. S nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi dalekohledy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[437],"tags":[435,2880,3090,3262,3261,434,1448],"class_list":["post-1476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-astronomy","tag-astronomy","tag-celestial-bodies","tag-timekeeping","tag-naval-observatory","tag-stargazing","tag-space-exploration","tag-telescopes"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1476"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24903,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1476\/revisions\/24903"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}