Deskov\u00e9 hry jsou obl\u00edbenou z\u00e1bavou u\u017e po stalet\u00ed, d\u016fkazy o jejich existenci sahaj\u00ed a\u017e n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc let zp\u011bt. Od starov\u011bk\u00e9ho Egypta a\u017e po st\u0159edov\u011bkou Evropu se deskov\u00e9 hry vyv\u00edjely a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ily nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d kulturami, co\u017e odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed spole\u010dnosti, kter\u00e9 je hr\u00e1ly.<\/p>\n\n
Nejstar\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 deskov\u00e9 hry vznikly ve starov\u011bk\u00e9m Egypt\u011b a Mezopot\u00e1mii kolem roku 3000 p\u0159. n. l. Tyto hry, jako nap\u0159\u00edklad Senet a Kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 hra Uru, \u010dasto hr\u00e1la kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e1 rodina a elita. Nebyly to jen hry n\u00e1hody, ale tak\u00e9 slou\u017eily jako simulace v\u00e1le\u010dnictv\u00ed a zkou\u0161ky strategick\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Z jejich skromn\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b se deskov\u00e9 hry roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ily do dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed sv\u011bta, v\u010detn\u011b Evropy a Asie. Vikingov\u00e9 hr\u00e1li hru zvanou Hnefatafl, zat\u00edmco sta\u0159\u00ed Indov\u00e9 vyvinuli \u010caturangu, p\u0159edch\u016fdce modern\u00edho \u0161achu. Tyto hry p\u0159edv\u00e1d\u011bly vojenskou zdatnost a strategickou d\u016fvtipnost jejich hr\u00e1\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Hry s kostkami, kter\u00e9 do deskov\u00fdch her zavedly prvek n\u00e1hody, se v d\u00e1vn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch tak\u00e9 staly popul\u00e1rn\u00edmi. Patolli, hra hran\u00e1 Azt\u00e9ky, zahrnovala h\u00e1zen\u00ed fazolemi, aby se ur\u010dily pohyby kamen\u016f. Backgammon, s jeho v\u00fdraznou deskou a mechanikou h\u00e1zen\u00ed kostkami, tak\u00e9 vznikl v tomto obdob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Starov\u011bk\u00e9 deskov\u00e9 hry \u010dasto odr\u00e1\u017eely vojensk\u00e9 konflikty sv\u00e9 doby. Ludus Latrunculorum, hran\u00fd \u0158\u00edmany, simuloval bitvy mezi arm\u00e1dami. Tafl, popul\u00e1rn\u00ed ve Skandin\u00e1vii, postavil kr\u00e1le a jeho obr\u00e1nce proti v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed s\u00edle \u00fato\u010dn\u00edk\u016f. Tyto hry poskytovaly bezpe\u010dn\u00fd a strategick\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak zdokonalovat vojensk\u00e9 dovednosti.<\/p>\n\n
V n\u011bkter\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch m\u011bly deskov\u00e9 hry n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd nebo duchovn\u00ed v\u00fdznam. Senet byl nap\u0159\u00edklad pova\u017eov\u00e1n za nab\u00eddku pohledu do posmrtn\u00e9ho \u017eivota pro starov\u011bk\u00e9 Egyp\u0165any. Go, hra o \u00fazemn\u00ed okupaci poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z \u010c\u00edny, byla pova\u017eov\u00e1na za metaforu vojensk\u00fdch kampan\u00ed a cestu k sebeovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Vliv starov\u011bk\u00fdch deskov\u00fdch her lze dodnes vid\u011bt v modern\u00edch hr\u00e1ch. \u0160achy, d\u00e1ma a backgammon maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 ko\u0159eny ve starov\u011bk\u00fdch p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u00edch. Dokonce i popul\u00e1rn\u00ed Hra husy, z\u00e1vodn\u00ed hra \u0159\u00edzen\u00e1 n\u00e1hodou, m\u00e1 sv\u016fj p\u016fvod v 16. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Deskov\u00e9 hry obst\u00e1ly ve zkou\u0161ce \u010dasu, proto\u017ee nab\u00edzej\u00ed jedine\u010dnou sm\u011bs v\u00fdzvy, strategie a z\u00e1bavy. Podporuj\u00ed kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed, \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f a spole\u010denskou interakci. A\u0165 u\u017e se hraj\u00ed pro z\u00e1bavu, sout\u011b\u017e nebo ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fa\u010dely, deskov\u00e9 hry hr\u00e1ly v\u00fdznamnou roli v lidsk\u00e9 historii a nad\u00e1le zaujmou hr\u00e1\u010de v\u0161ech v\u011bkov\u00fdch kategori\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Antick\u00e9 deskov\u00e9 hry: Cesta histori\u00ed Deskov\u00e9 hry jsou obl\u00edbenou z\u00e1bavou u\u017e po stalet\u00ed, d\u016fkazy o jejich existenci sahaj\u00ed a\u017e n\u011bkolik tis\u00edc let zp\u011bt. Od starov\u011bk\u00e9ho Egypta a\u017e po st\u0159edov\u011bkou Evropu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23675,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[61],"tags":[21252,21253,21251,21250,5366],"class_list":["post-14766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-history-of-science","tag-culture-and-board-games","tag-evolution-of-board-games","tag-history-of-board-games","tag-ancient-board-games","tag-strategy-games"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14766"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14766\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15993,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14766\/revisions\/15993"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23675"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}