{"id":14808,"date":"2020-11-30T11:06:32","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T11:06:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=14808"},"modified":"2020-11-30T11:06:32","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T11:06:32","slug":"library-of-congress-monument-to-democracy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/education\/library-of-congress-monument-to-democracy\/","title":{"rendered":"Knihovna Kongresu: Pam\u00e1tn\u00edk demokracie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Knihovna Kongresu: Pam\u00e1tn\u00edk demokracie<\/h2>\n\n

Historie<\/h2>\n\n

Knihovna Kongresu, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b v\u011bdomost\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, se vyvinula daleko za sv\u00e9 skromn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00e1tky jako sb\u00edrka knih. Dnes uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu materi\u00e1l\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b zvukov\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f, digitalizovan\u00fdch sb\u00edrek a dokonce i telefonn\u00edch seznam\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Jeffersonovo d\u011bdictv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Knihovna Kongresu vd\u011b\u010d\u00ed za svou existenci Thomasu Jeffersonovi, kter\u00fd v roce 1815 prodal svou osobn\u00ed knihovnu vl\u00e1d\u011b, aby pomohl znovu vybudovat sb\u00edrku, kterou zni\u010dila britsk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky v roce 1812. Jeffersonova vize pro knihovnu byla, aby se stala zdrojem pro v\u0161echny Ameri\u010dany, bez ohledu na jejich p\u016fvod nebo polohu.<\/p>\n\n

R\u016fst a expanze<\/h2>\n\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu let Knihovna Kongresu exponenci\u00e1ln\u011b rostla, a to jak z hlediska sv\u00fdch sb\u00edrek, tak i fyzick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti. V roce 1897 otev\u0159ela hlavn\u00ed budova knihovny, nyn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako Thomas Jefferson Building, sv\u00e9 br\u00e1ny ve\u0159ejnosti. Tato ikonick\u00e1 budova je zdobena zdobn\u00fdmi stropy, luxusn\u00edmi \u010d\u00edt\u00e1rnami a um\u011bleck\u00fdmi d\u00edly americk\u00fdch mistr\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Digitalizovan\u00e9 sb\u00edrky<\/h2>\n\n

V 90. letech 20. stolet\u00ed zah\u00e1jila Knihovna Kongresu rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd digitaliza\u010dn\u00ed projekt, aby zp\u0159\u00edstupnila sv\u00e9 sb\u00edrky ve\u0159ejnosti. Dnes jsou miliony knih, rukopis\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch materi\u00e1l\u016f k dispozici online prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek knihovny.<\/p>\n\n

Iniciativy crowdsourcingu<\/h2>\n\n

Knihovna Kongresu tak\u00e9 p\u0159ijala crowdsourcing, aby pomohla digitalizovat sv\u00e9 sb\u00edrky. V roce 2018 knihovna spustila Letters to Lincoln, projekt, kter\u00fd vyzval ve\u0159ejnost, aby p\u0159epsala naskenovan\u00e9 str\u00e1nky korespondence prezidenta Abrahama Lincolna. Zapojilo se p\u0159es 2 800 dobrovoln\u00edk\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed pomohli zp\u0159\u00edstupnit tyto d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 dokumenty digit\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed ide\u00e1ly<\/h2>\n\n

Knihovna Kongresu je v\u00edc ne\u017e jen \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b v\u011bdomost\u00ed. Je to tak\u00e9 symbol n\u00e1rodn\u00edho z\u00e1vazku vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a demokracii. Budova Johna Adamse, kter\u00e1 uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 sb\u00edrku vz\u00e1cn\u00fdch knih knihovny, je pops\u00e1na Jeffersonov\u00fdmi slovy: \u201eVzd\u011bl\u00e1vejte a informujte masu lidu… a oni je budou st\u0159e\u017eit.\u201c<\/p>\n\n

Budovy Thomase Jeffersona<\/h2>\n\n

Budova Thomase Jeffersona je d\u016fkazem n\u00e1rodn\u00edch vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch ide\u00e1l\u016f. Jej\u00ed propracovan\u00e9 korintsk\u00e9 sloupy, socha\u0159sk\u00e9 postavy a \u017eiv\u00e9 n\u00e1st\u011bnn\u00e9 malby zobrazuj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed a v\u00fdznam gramotnosti. N\u00e1vrh budovy odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed Jeffersonovu v\u00edru, \u017ee knihovna by m\u011bla b\u00fdt m\u00edstem, kam mohou v\u0161ichni Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edt, aby se u\u010dili a rozv\u00edjeli.<\/p>\n\n

Vliv na americkou spole\u010dnost<\/h2>\n\n

Knihovna Kongresu sehr\u00e1la z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v americk\u00e9 historii a kultu\u0159e. Zachovala liter\u00e1rn\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed n\u00e1roda, poskytla p\u0159\u00edstup k informac\u00edm v\u011bdc\u016fm a v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016fm a inspirovala nespo\u010det spisovatel\u016f, um\u011blc\u016f a hudebn\u00edk\u016f. Knihovna je i nad\u00e1le \u017eivou a dynamickou instituc\u00ed, odhodlanou slou\u017eit americk\u00e9mu lidu a prosazovat ide\u00e1ly demokracie a v\u011bd\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Knihovna Kongresu dnes<\/h2>\n\n

Dnes je Knihovna Kongresu nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed knihovnou na sv\u011bt\u011b s v\u00edce ne\u017e 25 miliony knih a 170 miliony dal\u0161\u00edch polo\u017eek ve sv\u00fdch sb\u00edrk\u00e1ch. Je sv\u011btov\u00fdm l\u00eddrem v oblasti digit\u00e1ln\u00ed archivace a p\u0159\u00edstupu a jej\u00ed online zdroje vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed miliony lid\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Knihovna tak\u00e9 nad\u00e1le po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 programy, v\u00fdstavy a p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed kulturn\u00ed krajiny Washingtonu, D.C.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Knihovna Kongresu: Pam\u00e1tn\u00edk demokracie Historie Knihovna Kongresu, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b v\u011bdomost\u00ed na sv\u011bt\u011b, se vyvinula daleko za sv\u00e9 skromn\u00e9 po\u010d\u00e1tky jako sb\u00edrka knih. Dnes uchov\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu materi\u00e1l\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b zvukov\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1513],"tags":[3734,19,515,19822,27,6358,63,5409,15717,170],"class_list":["post-14808","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-education","tag-crowdsourcing","tag-american-history","tag-democracy","tag-digital-collections","tag-history","tag-library-of-congress","tag-culture","tag-knowledge","tag-rare-books","tag-education"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14808","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14808"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14808\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14809,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14808\/revisions\/14809"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14808"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14808"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14808"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}