V dubnu 2019 japonsk\u00e1 sonda Hayabusa2 vstoupila do d\u011bjin, kdy\u017e vytvo\u0159ila um\u011bl\u00fd kr\u00e1ter na planetce Ryugu. C\u00edlem mise bylo ur\u010dit st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed planetky Ryugu a z\u00edskat informace o jej\u00edm slo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Sonda vypustila \u010dty\u0159kilogramovou m\u011bd\u011bnou kouli zvanou SCI (mal\u00fd p\u0159enosn\u00fd impaktor) sm\u011brem k povrchu planetky Ryugu rychlost\u00ed neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fdch 4500 mil za hodinu. N\u00e1raz vytvo\u0159il kr\u00e1ter o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 47 stop, co\u017e bylo v\u00edce, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.<\/p>\n\n
Podle p\u0159edchoz\u00edch odhad\u016f mohl b\u00fdt povrch planetky Ryugu star\u00fd miliony a\u017e stovky milion\u016f let. Um\u011bl\u00fd kr\u00e1ter v\u0161ak umo\u017enil p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V\u011bdci analyzovali velikost a tvar kr\u00e1teru, kter\u00e9 jsou ovlivn\u011bny gravitac\u00ed planetky a pevnost\u00ed jej\u00edho povrchov\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lu (regolitu). Na z\u00e1klad\u011b t\u011bchto \u00fadaj\u016f vypo\u010d\u00edtali st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed povrchu planetky Ryugu na \u0161est a\u017e jeden\u00e1ct milion\u016f let.<\/p>\n\n
Mise Hayabusa2 byla prvn\u00edm zaznamenan\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edpadem vzniku kr\u00e1teru v prost\u0159ed\u00ed mikrogravitace. Na rozd\u00edl od Zem\u011b, kde je gravitace siln\u00e1, m\u011blo prost\u0159ed\u00ed mikrogravitace planetky Ryugu v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vliv na vlastnosti kr\u00e1teru.<\/p>\n\n
Velk\u00e1 velikost a p\u016flkruhov\u00fd tvar kr\u00e1teru nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee planetka Ryugu m\u00e1 volnou svrchn\u00ed vrstvu, kter\u00e1 pokr\u00fdv\u00e1 hust\u0161\u00ed j\u00e1dro. Tento objev je v souladu s ned\u00e1vn\u00fdmi d\u016fkazy z \u010dasopisu Nature, kter\u00e9 ukazuj\u00ed, \u017ee planetka Ryugu se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b z voln\u011b ulo\u017een\u00e9ho p\u00edsku, nikoliv z pevn\u00e9 horniny.<\/p>\n\n
Zat\u00edmco povrch planetky Ryugu se jev\u00ed jako relativn\u011b mlad\u00fd, samotn\u00e1 planetka m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mnohem star\u0161\u00ed. V\u011bt\u0161ina planetek podobn\u00e9 velikosti m\u00e1 odhadovan\u00e9 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed kolem 100 milion\u016f let.<\/p>\n\n
Nicm\u00e9n\u011b vysok\u00e1 rychlost rotace planetky Ryugu mohla zp\u016fsobit erozi star\u00fdch kr\u00e1ter\u016f a resetovat tak zjevn\u00e9 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed povrchu. Sesuvy p\u016fdy pozorovan\u00e9 sondou Hayabusa2 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee planetka mohla v minulosti zpomalit z vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed rychlosti rotace.<\/p>\n\n
Sonda Hayabusa2 opustila planetku Ryugu v listopadu 2019 a p\u0159inesla vzorky z centra kr\u00e1teru. Tyto vzorky budou analyzov\u00e1ny v\u011bdci, aby z\u00edskali hlub\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed a historie planetky Ryugu.<\/p>\n\n
Mise Hayabusa2 poskytla cenn\u00e9 poznatky o pr\u016fzkumu planetek a v\u00fdvoji t\u011bchto nebesk\u00fdch t\u011bles. Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum bude pokra\u010dovat v odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed planetky Ryugu a dal\u0161\u00edch planetek v na\u0161\u00ed slune\u010dn\u00ed soustav\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mise Hayabusa2 odhaluje tajemstv\u00ed planetky Ryugu Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9ho kr\u00e1teru V dubnu 2019 japonsk\u00e1 sonda Hayabusa2 vstoupila do d\u011bjin, kdy\u017e vytvo\u0159ila um\u011bl\u00fd kr\u00e1ter na planetce Ryugu. C\u00edlem mise bylo ur\u010dit st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[476],"tags":[6166,19910,1445,434,19912,19911],"class_list":["post-14887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-space-science","tag-asteroid","tag-hayabusa2","tag-microgravity","tag-space-exploration","tag-asteroid-composition","tag-crater-formation"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14887"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14887\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14888,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14887\/revisions\/14888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}