Fluorid byl poprv\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1n do pitn\u00e9 vody v Grand Rapids v Michiganu v roce 1945. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo zalo\u017eeno na v\u00fdzkumu proveden\u00e9m Dr. Fredrickem McKayem, kter\u00fd si v\u0161iml, \u017ee lid\u00e9 v Colorado Springs s hn\u011bd\u00fdmi skvrnami na zubech m\u011bli m\u00e9n\u011b zubn\u00edho kazu. McKay p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee skvrny byly zp\u016fsobeny fluorem ve vodovodn\u00edm \u0159\u00e1du a \u017ee fluorid by mohl pomoci p\u0159edch\u00e1zet zubn\u00edmu kazu.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 1945 zah\u00e1jilo m\u011bsto Grand Rapids studii, aby otestovalo McKayovu teorii. Studie zjistila, \u017ee p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed fluoridu do vodovodn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du sn\u00ed\u017eilo zubn\u00ed kaz o 50\u201370 % u d\u011bt\u00ed. To vedlo Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty k tomu, \u017ee v roce 1962 doporu\u010dily optim\u00e1ln\u00ed rozsah koncentrace fluoridu ve vod\u011b 0,7\u20131,2 ppm.<\/p>\n\n
Fluorid je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd v prevenci zubn\u00edho kazu, proto\u017ee posiluje zubn\u00ed sklovinu a \u010din\u00ed ji odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u016f\u010di kysel\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm. Fluorid tak\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 remineralizovat zuby, co\u017e je proces opravy mal\u00fdch oblast\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
N\u011bkolik studi\u00ed prok\u00e1zalo, \u017ee fluorid v pitn\u00e9 vod\u011b je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd p\u0159i sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zubn\u00edho kazu. P\u0159ehled literatury proveden\u00fd v roce 2010 zjistil, \u017ee kombinovan\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky fluoridu \u2013 dod\u00e1van\u00e9ho vodou nebo jinak \u2013 zabr\u00e1nily vzniku asi 0,3 kaz\u016f na osobu ro\u010dn\u011b. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b jedna t\u0159etina tohoto \u00fa\u010dinku poch\u00e1zela z fluoridu ve vod\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Fluorid je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm opat\u0159en\u00edm v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na pro osoby, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k pravideln\u00e9 zubn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010di. Fluorid v pitn\u00e9 vod\u011b pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sni\u017eovat zubn\u00ed kaz a zlep\u0161ovat \u00fastn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed v\u0161ech, bez ohledu na jejich socioekonomick\u00fd status.<\/p>\n\n
V Portlandu v Oregonu, kter\u00fd je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm m\u011bstem v USA, kter\u00e9 odm\u00edt\u00e1 fluoridaci, pouk\u00e1zali zast\u00e1nci fluoridu na to, \u017ee d\u011bti v Portlandu maj\u00ed o 40 % v\u00edce zubn\u00edho kazu ne\u017e d\u011bti v Seattlu, nedalek\u00e9m fluorovan\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
FDA pova\u017euje fluorid za kontaminant, proto\u017ee m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt toxick\u00fd ve vysok\u00fdch koncentrac\u00edch. Mno\u017estv\u00ed fluoridu doporu\u010den\u00e9 pro fluoridaci vody je v\u0161ak bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n
N\u011bkter\u00e9 studie nazna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee expozice fluoridu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt spojena s ur\u010dit\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi probl\u00e9my, jako je ztr\u00e1ta IQ a rakovina kost\u00ed. Tyto studie v\u0161ak byly kritizov\u00e1ny za svou metodologii a z\u00e1v\u011bry.<\/p>\n\n
CDC uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eneexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee fluorid v pitn\u00e9 vod\u011b v doporu\u010den\u00fdch koncentrac\u00edch zp\u016fsobuje jak\u00e9koli nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky na zdrav\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n\n
Debata o fluoridu v Portlandu trv\u00e1 ji\u017e n\u011bkolik desetilet\u00ed. Odp\u016frci fluoridu vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili obavy ohledn\u011b bezpe\u010dnosti fluoridu, zat\u00edmco zast\u00e1nci fluoridu zd\u016fraznili jeho p\u0159\u00ednosy pro ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 2013 Portland ji\u017e po\u010dtvrt\u00e9 hlasoval proti p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed fluoridu do sv\u00e9ho vodovodn\u00edho \u0159\u00e1du. Debata v\u0161ak bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pokra\u010dovat, proto\u017ee fluorid z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 kontroverzn\u00edm t\u00e9matem.<\/p>\n\n
Fluorid je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd a bezpe\u010dn\u00fd zp\u016fsob prevence zubn\u00edho kazu. Je to d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 opat\u0159en\u00ed v oblasti ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho zdrav\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prosp\u00edv\u00e1 v\u0161em, bez ohledu na jejich socioekonomick\u00fd status. Debata o fluoridu bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b pokra\u010dovat, d\u016fkazy v\u0161ak podporuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosy fluoridu v pitn\u00e9 vod\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Fluorid ve vod\u011b: V\u00fdhody, \u00fa\u010dinnost a bezpe\u010dnost Historie fluoridu ve vod\u011b Fluorid byl poprv\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1n do pitn\u00e9 vody v Grand Rapids v Michiganu v roce 1945. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed bylo zalo\u017eeno…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[463],"tags":[19952,19953,1129,97,178,1629],"class_list":["post-14918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health-and-medicine","tag-fluoride","tag-water-fluoridation","tag-medicine","tag-science","tag-public-health","tag-dental-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14918","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14918"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14918\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14919,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14918\/revisions\/14919"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14918"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14918"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14918"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}