{"id":15002,"date":"2024-08-27T21:08:05","date_gmt":"2024-08-27T21:08:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15002"},"modified":"2024-08-27T21:08:05","modified_gmt":"2024-08-27T21:08:05","slug":"worlds-largest-underwater-neutrino-observatory-deployed-in-lake-baikal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/physics\/worlds-largest-underwater-neutrino-observatory-deployed-in-lake-baikal\/","title":{"rendered":"Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podvodn\u00ed observato\u0159 neutrin na sv\u011bt\u011b nasazena v jeze\u0159e Bajkal"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podvodn\u00ed observato\u0159 neutrin na sv\u011bt\u011b rozm\u00edst\u011bna v jeze\u0159e Bajkal<\/h2>\n\n

Detekce neutrin v hlubok\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch<\/h2>\n\n

Bajkalsk\u00fd gigatonov\u00fd detektor objemu (Baikal-GVD) je pr\u016fkopnick\u00fd podvodn\u00ed teleskop, kter\u00fd byl pono\u0159en do hlubin jezera Bajkal, nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho sladkovodn\u00edho jezera na sv\u011bt\u011b. Tato obrovsk\u00e1 observato\u0159 je navr\u017eena tak, aby detekovala a studovala t\u011b\u017eko zachytiteln\u00e1 neutrina, subatom\u00e1rn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice, kter\u00e9 jsou z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro pochopen\u00ed p\u016fvodu a v\u00fdvoje vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam neutrin<\/h2>\n\n

Neutrina jsou nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stice ve vesm\u00edru, ale jsou tak\u00e9 neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b t\u011b\u017eko detekovateln\u00e9 kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu neutr\u00e1ln\u00edmu n\u00e1boji a t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 bezhmotn\u00e9 povaze. Hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v mnoha astrofyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch procesech, v\u010detn\u011b v\u00fdvoje hv\u011bzd a tvorby temn\u00e9 hmoty.<\/p>\n\n

\u010cerenkovovy vodn\u00ed experimenty: detekce neutrin<\/h2>\n\n

\u010cerenkovovy vodn\u00ed experimenty se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k detekci neutrin. Kdy\u017e neutrino interaguje s vodou, emituje slab\u00fd z\u00e1blesk sv\u011btla zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako \u010cerenkovovo z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed. Teleskop Baikal-GVD pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 \u0159et\u011bzce optick\u00fdch modul\u016f citliv\u00fdch na sv\u011btlo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdch pod vodou k zachycen\u00ed t\u011bchto z\u00e1blesk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Baikal-GVD: spole\u010dn\u00fd podnik<\/h2>\n\n

Teleskop Baikal-GVD je v\u00fdsledkem spole\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v\u011bdc\u016f z Ruska, \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky, Polska, N\u011bmecka a Slovenska. Od sv\u00e9ho prvn\u00edho nasazen\u00ed v roce 2015 se 192 optick\u00fdmi moduly byl upgradov\u00e1n na 288 modul\u016f, co\u017e z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podvodn\u00ed observato\u0159 neutrin na severn\u00ed polokouli.<\/p>\n\n

Jedine\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody jezera Bajkal<\/h2>\n\n

Jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti jezera Bajkal z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed ide\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00edsto pro detekci neutrin. Jeho extr\u00e9mn\u00ed hloubka (2 500 a\u017e 4 300 stop) a k\u0159i\u0161\u0165\u00e1lov\u011b \u010dist\u00e1 sladk\u00e1 voda poskytuj\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed pro detekci neutrin. Krom\u011b toho dvoum\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed sez\u00f3nn\u00ed ledov\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvka d\u00e1le zvy\u0161uje mo\u017enosti observato\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e9 c\u00edle Baikal-GVD<\/h2>\n\n

Teleskop Baikal-GVD si klade za c\u00edl studovat r\u016fzn\u00e9 aspekty neutrin, v\u010detn\u011b jejich fluktuac\u00ed, zdroj\u016f a interakc\u00ed. Odhalen\u00edm z\u00e1had obklopuj\u00edc\u00edch neutrina doufaj\u00ed v\u011bdci, \u017ee z\u00edskaj\u00ed poznatky o nejran\u011bj\u0161\u00edch st\u00e1di\u00edch v\u00fdvoje vesm\u00edru, povaze temn\u00e9 hmoty a vzniku hv\u011bzd.<\/p>\n\n

Konkurence pro IceCube: glob\u00e1ln\u00ed srovn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Jako nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podvodn\u00ed observato\u0159 neutrin na severn\u00ed polokouli se o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee teleskop Baikal-GVD bude konkurovat renomovan\u00e9 observato\u0159i neutrin IceCube um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e9 na ji\u017en\u00edm p\u00f3lu. Ob\u011b observato\u0159e vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 technologie a jsou odhodl\u00e1ny posouvat na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed neutrin a vesm\u00edru jako celku.<\/p>\n\n

Okno do kosmu<\/h2>\n\n

Teleskop Baikal-GVD je d\u016fkazem lidsk\u00e9 d\u016fmyslnosti a na\u0161\u00ed neutuchaj\u00edc\u00ed zv\u011bdavosti ohledn\u011b vesm\u00edru. Pozorovatelem hlubin jezera Bajkal doufaj\u00ed v\u011bdci, \u017ee vrhnou sv\u011btlo na n\u011bkter\u00e1 ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch tajemstv\u00ed vesm\u00edru a odhal\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed nejmen\u0161\u00edch a nejhojn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stic, kter\u00e9 j\u00edm pronikaj\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed podvodn\u00ed observato\u0159 neutrin na sv\u011bt\u011b rozm\u00edst\u011bna v jeze\u0159e Bajkal Detekce neutrin v hlubok\u00fdch vod\u00e1ch Bajkalsk\u00fd gigatonov\u00fd detektor objemu (Baikal-GVD) je pr\u016fkopnick\u00fd podvodn\u00ed teleskop, kter\u00fd byl pono\u0159en do hlubin jezera…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24165,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[965],"tags":[436,962,20047,20045,20046],"class_list":["post-15002","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-physics","tag-astrophysics","tag-particle-physics","tag-lake-baikal","tag-neutrinos","tag-underwater-observatories"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15002"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15002\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24166,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15002\/revisions\/24166"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}