V an\u00e1lech americk\u00e9 historie stoj\u00ed znovuobjeven\u00ed Werowocomoca, hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta mocn\u00e9ho algonkinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edka Powhatana, jako d\u016fkaz odolnosti domorod\u00fdch komunit a trval\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed jejich interakc\u00ed s evropsk\u00fdmi osadn\u00edky. Po stalet\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1valo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed t\u00e9to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed osady zahaleno tajemstv\u00edm, dokud nedo\u0161lo k pozoruhodn\u00e9mu objevu Lynn Ripleyov\u00e9, majitelky pozemku u \u0159eky York, na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. let 21. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
St\u0159epy keramiky vy\u010dn\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed z hl\u00edny na jej\u00edm pozemku upoutaly Ripleyov\u00e9 pozornost a p\u0159im\u011bly ji kontaktovat archeology Randolpha Turnera a Williama Martina Gallivana z College of William & Mary. Turner si uv\u011bdomil v\u00fdznam jej\u00edch n\u00e1lez\u016f a zah\u00e1jil rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 p\u00e1tr\u00e1n\u00ed v t\u00e9to oblasti, veden\u00fd historick\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami a mapami.<\/p>\n\n
Zalo\u017een\u00ed Jamestownu v roce 1607 p\u0159edstavovalo bod obratu v historii Severn\u00ed Ameriky. Av\u0161ak p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed mlad\u00e9 kolonie siln\u011b z\u00e1viselo na jej\u00edm vztahu s mocnou algonkinskou konfederac\u00ed vedenou n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edkem Powhatanem. V roce 1608 uzav\u0159el kapit\u00e1n John Smith, anglick\u00fd objevitel a \u017eoldn\u00e9\u0159, spojenectv\u00ed s Powhatanem, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zajistil p\u0159\u00edstup \u043a potravin\u00e1m a z\u00e1sob\u00e1m pro usiluj\u00edc\u00ed osadn\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n
Vykop\u00e1vky ve Werowocomoco odhalily mno\u017estv\u00ed artefakt\u016f, kter\u00e9 vrhly sv\u011btlo na historii a v\u00fdznam osady. Archeologov\u00e9 objevili m\u011bd\u011bn\u00e9 zbo\u017e\u00ed, sklen\u011bn\u00e9 kor\u00e1lky a dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edm\u011bty poch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed z obdob\u00ed Jamestownu, co\u017e potvrdilo \u00fazk\u00e9 vazby mezi ob\u011bma komunitami.<\/p>\n\n
Nejpozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed byly objeveny poz\u016fstatky dvou paraleln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edkop\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd byl del\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e dv\u011b fotbalov\u00e1 h\u0159i\u0161t\u011b. Tyto p\u0159\u00edkopy, vyobrazen\u00e9 na map\u011b z roku 1608 \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fdm velvyslancem Donem Pedrem de Zu\u00f1igou, mohly slou\u017eit jako hranice n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u010di ob\u0159adn\u00edch prostor. Radiokarbonov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza odhalila, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edkopy byly vybudov\u00e1ny ve 13. stolet\u00ed, p\u0159ed Powhatanem.<\/p>\n\n
Objev p\u0159\u00edkop\u016f zpochybnil dlouho tradovan\u00e9 p\u0159edpoklady o historii Werowocomoca. Nazna\u010dil, \u017ee Powhatan zalo\u017eil sv\u00e9 hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto v ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9 osad\u011b, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e aby ji zalo\u017eil s\u00e1m. Tento objev zd\u016fraz\u0148uje slo\u017eitost a dlouhov\u011bkost algonkinsk\u00e9 kultury v oblasti z\u00e1livu Chesapeake.<\/p>\n\n
B\u011bhem sv\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy Werowocomoca v roce 1608 zaznamenal kapit\u00e1n John Smith ve sv\u00e9m den\u00edku vzd\u00e1lenost od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed k Powhatan\u016fvmu dlouh\u00e9mu domu jako \u201easi t\u0159icet sk\u00f3re\u201c. Vykop\u00e1vky odhalily strukturu nach\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed se p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 1 500 stop od b\u0159ehu \u0159eky, co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 Smithov\u011b zpr\u00e1v\u011b a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b ozna\u010duje m\u00edsto, kde do\u0161lo k historick\u00e9mu setk\u00e1n\u00ed Smitha s Pocahontas.<\/p>\n\n
Znovuobjeven\u00ed Werowocomoca nejen obohacuje na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed minulosti, ale slou\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka trval\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed domorod\u00fdch obyvatel Ameriky. M\u00edsto vykop\u00e1vek je nyn\u00ed zachov\u00e1no jako historick\u00e1 pam\u00e1tka a virgin\u0161t\u00ed indi\u00e1ni a domorod\u00ed Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 se aktivn\u011b pod\u00edlej\u00ed na jeho interpretaci a ochran\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Kdy\u017e si p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me 400. v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00ed Jamestownu, je vhodn\u00e9 uznat p\u0159\u00ednosy algonkinsk\u00e9 konfederace a ztracen\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Werowocomoco, kter\u00e9 hr\u00e1lo rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed roli p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed chodu americk\u00e9 historie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ztracen\u00e9 m\u011bsto Werowocomoco: Objevov\u00e1n\u00ed algonkinsk\u00e9 osady, kter\u00e1 byla kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed Jamestownu Archeologick\u00fd objev V an\u00e1lech americk\u00e9 historie stoj\u00ed znovuobjeven\u00ed Werowocomoca, hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta mocn\u00e9ho algonkinsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edka Powhatana, jako d\u016fkaz odolnosti…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":23851,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[88,27,316,20129,20127,564,20128],"class_list":["post-15067","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-archaeology","tag-history","tag-native-americans","tag-jamestown","tag-powhatan","tag-exploration","tag-werowocomoco"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15067","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15067"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15067\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15068,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15067\/revisions\/15068"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23851"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15067"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15067"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15067"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}