{"id":15143,"date":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","date_gmt":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15143"},"modified":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","modified_gmt":"2023-05-22T07:52:33","slug":"astronaut-twin-study-reveals-surprising-effects-of-space-on-the-body","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/space-exploration\/astronaut-twin-study-reveals-surprising-effects-of-space-on-the-body\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky vesm\u00edru na lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo odhalila studie NASA Twin Study"},"content":{"rendered":"

Studie identick\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat odhaluje p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky vesm\u00edru na t\u011blo<\/h2>\n\n

Studie identick\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na dopad cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru<\/h2>\n\n

Pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 studie NASA Twin Study, kter\u00e1 porovn\u00e1vala zdrav\u00ed identick\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat astronaut\u016f Scotta a Marka Kellyov\u00fdch, odhalila v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v lidsk\u00e9m t\u011ble po dlouhodob\u00e9m cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n

D\u00e9lka telomer a metylace DNA ovlivn\u011bny<\/h2>\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00edce p\u0159ekvapiv\u00fdch zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed bylo prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u00e9lky telomer u Scotta Kellyho b\u011bhem jeho pobytu ve vesm\u00edru. Telomery, \u010depi\u010dky na konc\u00edch chromozom\u016f, se obvykle s v\u011bkem zkracuj\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b Scotta se v\u0161ak prodlou\u017eily, co\u017e nazna\u010duje, \u017ee cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt jedine\u010dn\u00fd vliv na bun\u011b\u010dn\u00e9 st\u00e1rnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdznamnou pozorovanou zm\u011bnou byl pokles aktivity metylace DNA v Scottov\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch. Metylace DNA je chemick\u00fd mechanismus, kter\u00fd \u0159\u00edd\u00ed expresi gen\u016f. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed aktivity metylace ve vesm\u00edru by mohlo potenci\u00e1ln\u011b ovlivnit r\u016fzn\u00e9 biologick\u00e9 procesy, v\u010detn\u011b metabolismu a imunity.<\/p>\n\n

N\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky p\u0159i cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru mohou b\u00fdt faktorem<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee atypick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky p\u0159i cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru, jako jsou su\u0161en\u00e1 j\u00eddla, zm\u011bn\u011bn\u00e9 sp\u00e1nkov\u00e9 vzorce a vystaven\u00ed mikrogravitaci, mohly p\u0159isp\u011bt ke zm\u011bn\u00e1m ve Scottov\u011b biologii. Tyto podm\u00ednky mohou naru\u0161it norm\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce t\u011bla a nam\u00e1hat je zp\u016fsoby, se kter\u00fdmi se na Zemi b\u011b\u017en\u011b nesetk\u00e1vaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Implikace pro budouc\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 mise<\/h2>\n\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studie Twin Study maj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro budouc\u00ed vesm\u00edrn\u00e9 mise. Pochopen\u00ed toho, jak cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru ovliv\u0148uje lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo, je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro v\u00fdvoj strategi\u00ed na ochranu astronaut\u016f p\u0159i st\u00e1le del\u0161\u00edch a komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch mis\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

D\u00e9lka telomer a zdravotn\u00ed vady<\/h2>\n\n

Zkracov\u00e1n\u00ed telomer je spojov\u00e1no s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zdravotn\u00edmi vadami, v\u010detn\u011b kardiovaskul\u00e1rn\u00edch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed a rakoviny. Prodlou\u017een\u00ed d\u00e9lky telomer ve vesm\u00edru vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky o potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch dlouhodob\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dinc\u00edch cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru a o nutnosti monitorovat d\u00e9lku telomer astronaut\u016f b\u011bhem a po mis\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n

Metylace DNA a exprese gen\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Metylace DNA je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm regul\u00e1torem exprese gen\u016f. Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed aktivity metylace ve Scottov\u00fdch bu\u0148k\u00e1ch nazna\u010duje, \u017ee cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru m\u016f\u017ee m\u011bnit expresi gen\u016f zapojen\u00fdch do r\u016fzn\u00fdch biologick\u00fdch proces\u016f. Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, aby se ur\u010dily konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed geny, kter\u00e9 jsou ovlivn\u011bny, a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fsledky pro zdrav\u00ed astronaut\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Zm\u00edr\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed negativn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru<\/h2>\n\n

Zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed studie Twin Study zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed pot\u0159ebu vyvinout \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed negativn\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru na lidsk\u00e9 t\u011blo. To by mohlo zahrnovat v\u00fdvoj nutri\u010dn\u00edch dopl\u0148k\u016f, optimalizaci sp\u00e1nkov\u00fdch pl\u00e1n\u016f a zaveden\u00ed cvi\u010debn\u00edch re\u017eim\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159izp\u016fsobeny unik\u00e1tn\u00edm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n

Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a anal\u00fdza<\/h2>\n\n

O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee \u00fapln\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky studie Twin Study NASA budou zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edm roce. V\u011bdci pokra\u010duj\u00ed v anal\u00fdze dat a prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed studie, aby l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bli mechanism\u016fm stoj\u00edc\u00edm za zm\u011bnami pozorovan\u00fdmi v biologii Scotta Kellyho. Toto prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed poskytne cenn\u00e9 poznatky o v\u00fdzv\u00e1ch a p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostech pr\u016fzkumu vesm\u00edru \u010dlov\u011bkem.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Studie identick\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat odhaluje p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dinky vesm\u00edru na t\u011blo Studie identick\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na dopad cestov\u00e1n\u00ed do vesm\u00edru Pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 studie NASA Twin Study, kter\u00e1 porovn\u00e1vala zdrav\u00ed identick\u00fdch dvoj\u010dat astronaut\u016f…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[494],"tags":[2883,20213,20212,20214,7753],"class_list":["post-15143","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-space-exploration","tag-space-travel","tag-dna-methylation","tag-telomeres","tag-twin-study","tag-astronaut-health"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15143","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15143"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15143\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15144,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15143\/revisions\/15144"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15143"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15143"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15143"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}