V\u011bdci u\u010dinili pr\u016flomov\u00fd objev v sibi\u0159sk\u00e9m permafrostu: o\u017eivili dva prav\u011bk\u00e9 hl\u00edstice neboli nematody, kte\u0159\u00ed byli zmra\u017eeni p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 000 let. Tento pozoruhodn\u00fd po\u010din p\u0159ekonal p\u0159edchoz\u00ed rekord v tom, jak dlouho \u017eivo\u010dich p\u0159e\u017eil kryokonzerva\u010dn\u00ed uchov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Objev u\u010dinil t\u00fdm rusk\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Princetonskou univerzitou. V\u011bdci analyzovali p\u0159es 300 vzork\u016f p\u016fdy odebran\u00fdch z arktick\u00e9ho permafrostu a na\u0161li dva \u017eivotaschopn\u00e9 vzorky hl\u00edstic. Jeden vzorek poch\u00e1zel z nory veverky star\u00e9 32 000 let a druh\u00fd z ledovcov\u00e9ho lo\u017eiska pobl\u00ed\u017e \u0159eky Alazeja star\u00e9ho 41 700 let.<\/p>\n\n
Hl\u00edstice byly p\u016fvodn\u011b skladov\u00e1ny p\u0159i teplot\u011b -4 stupn\u011b Fahrenheita. Pozd\u011bji byly rozmra\u017eeny v Petriho misce spolu s obohacovac\u00ed kulturou, aby se podpo\u0159il jejich r\u016fst. Po n\u011bkolika t\u00fddnech v tomto nov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed se hl\u00edstice p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b za\u010daly pohybovat a p\u0159ij\u00edmat potravu.<\/p>\n\n
V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee hl\u00edstice maj\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 adapta\u010dn\u00ed mechanismy, kter\u00e9 jim umo\u017enily p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt kryokonzerva\u010dn\u00ed uchov\u00e1n\u00ed po tak dlouhou dobu. Tyto mechanismy mohou m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro obory, jako je kryomedic\u00edna, kryobiologie a astrobiologie.<\/p>\n\n
N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed skeptici vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili obavy ohledn\u011b mo\u017enosti kontaminace sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi organismy. V\u011bdci v\u0161ak dodr\u017eovali p\u0159\u00edsn\u00e9 postupy, aby zajistili sterilitu, a tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee hloubka, v n\u00ed\u017e byly hl\u00edstice poh\u0159beny (100 stop a 15 stop pod povrchem), \u010din\u00ed kontaminaci nepravd\u011bpodobnou.<\/p>\n\n
O\u017eiven\u00ed mnohobun\u011b\u010dn\u00fdch organism\u016f p\u0159edstavuje v\u00fdznamn\u00fd miln\u00edk v kryobiologii. Ukazuje potenci\u00e1l dlouhodob\u00e9 kryokonzervace \u017eiv\u00fdch tvor\u016f. Tento objev by mohl v\u00e9st k pokroku v ochran\u011b ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f a dokonce k o\u017eiven\u00ed vyhynul\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Prav\u011bc\u00ed hl\u00edstice poskytuj\u00ed jedine\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost ke studiu evoluce jejich druhu po desetitis\u00edce let. V\u011bdci se t\u011b\u0161\u00ed na to, a\u017e porovnaj\u00ed genetickou v\u00fdbavu prav\u011bk\u00fdch hl\u00edstic s jejich sou\u010dasn\u00fdmi prot\u011bj\u0161ky, aby identifikovali p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 evolu\u010dn\u00ed odchylky.<\/p>\n\n
A\u010dkoli jsou tvrzen\u00ed o o\u017eiven\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00fdch hl\u00edstic slibn\u00e1, je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st dal\u0161\u00ed testy, aby bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 definitivn\u011b posoudit st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u010derv\u016f a ov\u011b\u0159it v\u00fdsledky. V\u011bdci pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed experimenty, aby potvrdili pravost hl\u00edstic a prozkoumali jejich potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fsledky pro kryobiologii a evoluci.<\/p>\n\n
Objev t\u011bchto prav\u011bk\u00fdch hl\u00edstic vzbudil sny o obnov\u011b pleistoc\u00e9nu. P\u0159esto\u017ee o\u017eiven\u00ed vyhynul\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, jako je srstnat\u00fd mamut, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt st\u00e1le vzd\u00e1lenou mo\u017enost\u00ed, n\u00e1vrat t\u011bchto prav\u011bk\u00fdch hl\u00edstic poskytuje n\u00e1hled na potenci\u00e1l p\u0159iv\u00e9st zp\u011bt d\u00e1vno ztracen\u00e9 tvory.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Prav\u011bc\u00ed hl\u00edsti o\u017eiveni z rusk\u00e9ho permafrostu Pr\u016flomov\u00fd objev V\u011bdci u\u010dinili pr\u016flomov\u00fd objev v sibi\u0159sk\u00e9m permafrostu: o\u017eivili dva prav\u011bk\u00e9 hl\u00edstice neboli nematody, kte\u0159\u00ed byli zmra\u017eeni p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 40 000 let. Tento pozoruhodn\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20303],"tags":[136,6156,16943,20301,4739,20302],"class_list":["post-15227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cryobiology","tag-evolution","tag-nematodes","tag-cryobiology","tag-ancient-roundworms","tag-permafrost","tag-resurrection"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15227","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15227"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15227\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15228,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15227\/revisions\/15228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15227"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15227"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15227"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}