{"id":15253,"date":"2019-10-21T03:07:45","date_gmt":"2019-10-21T03:07:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15253"},"modified":"2019-10-21T03:07:45","modified_gmt":"2019-10-21T03:07:45","slug":"thailand-lese-majeste-law-and-the-case-of-sulak-sivaraksa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/society-and-culture\/thailand-lese-majeste-law-and-the-case-of-sulak-sivaraksa\/","title":{"rendered":"Thajsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu a p\u0159\u00edpad Sulaka Sivaraksy"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thajsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu a p\u0159\u00edpad Sulaka Sivaraksy<\/h2>\n\n

Historick\u00fd kontext<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 1593 \u00fadajn\u011b porazil kr\u00e1l Naresuan z Thajska (tehdy Siam) barmsk\u00e9ho korunn\u00edho prince v dramatick\u00e9 bitv\u011b na slonech. Tato ud\u00e1lost se stala v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm osvobozeneck\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem v thajsk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e, zejm\u00e9na pro arm\u00e1du. Historik Sulak Sivaraksa v\u0161ak zpochybnil podrobnosti tohoto legend\u00e1rn\u00edho souboje a ptal se, zda kr\u00e1l Naresuan skute\u010dn\u011b zabil barmsk\u00e9ho prince.<\/p>\n\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed z ur\u00e1\u017eky majest\u00e1tu<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 2014 byl Sivaraksa obvin\u011bn z ur\u00e1\u017eky majest\u00e1tu, co\u017e je kontroverzn\u00ed z\u00e1kon v Thajsku, kter\u00fd zakazuje hanoben\u00ed nebo ur\u00e1\u017een\u00ed kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9 rodiny. Obvin\u011bn\u00ed vze\u0161la z univerzitn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky, ve kter\u00e9 Sivaraksa varoval p\u0159ed propagandou a zpochybnil historick\u00e9 vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed o \u010dinu kr\u00e1le Naresuana.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam p\u0159\u00edpadu<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edpad proti Sivaraksovi zd\u016fraznil potla\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed svobody projevu v Thajsku pod vojenskou vl\u00e1dou. Od chv\u00edle, kdy arm\u00e1da v roce 2014 p\u0159evzala moc v p\u0159evratu, do\u0161lo k n\u00e1r\u016fstu obvin\u011bn\u00ed z ur\u00e1\u017eky majest\u00e1tu proti disident\u016fm a aktivist\u016fm za lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va. Od p\u0159evratu bylo za poru\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kona o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu st\u00edh\u00e1no nejm\u00e9n\u011b 94 osob a 43 odsouzeno.<\/p>\n\n

Sulak Sivaraksa: Profil<\/h2>\n\n

Sulak Sivaraksa je v\u00fdznamn\u00fd reform\u00e1tor soci\u00e1ln\u00ed spravedlnosti, kter\u00fd byl dvakr\u00e1t vyho\u0161t\u011bn z Thajska, \u010dty\u0159ikr\u00e1t v\u011bzn\u011bn a opakovan\u011b obvin\u011bn z ur\u00e1\u017eky monarchie. Navzdory t\u011bmto v\u00fdzv\u00e1m neust\u00e1le obhajoval svobodu projevu a lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va.<\/p>\n\n

Soudn\u00ed proces a osvobozen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Sivaraksa proces trval dva roky, ale st\u00e1tn\u00ed z\u00e1stupci p\u0159\u00edpad nakonec st\u00e1hli kv\u016fli nedostatku d\u016fkaz\u016f. Sivaraksa p\u0159ipsal sv\u00e9 osvobozen\u00ed zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nov\u00e9mu thajsk\u00e9mu kr\u00e1li Maha Vajiralongkornovi. Po celou dobu procesu si udr\u017eoval svou nevinu a vyj\u00e1d\u0159il \u00falevu nad osvobozen\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fsledky pro svobodu projevu<\/h2>\n\n

Osvobozen\u00ed Sulaka Sivaraksy je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm pro svobodu projevu v Thajsku. Ukazuje, \u017ee i pod represivn\u00ed vojenskou vl\u00e1dou je mo\u017en\u00e9 zpochybnit status quo a vyj\u00e1d\u0159it se proti nespravedlnosti.<\/p>\n\n

Historick\u00e9 pochybnosti a d\u016fle\u017eitost pravdy<\/h2>\n\n

Sivaraksa p\u0159\u00edpad tak\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b historick\u00e9 p\u0159esnosti p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o kr\u00e1li Naresuanovi. I kdy\u017e m\u00e1 legenda hlubok\u00fd kulturn\u00ed v\u00fdznam, je nezbytn\u00e9 kriticky zkoumat historick\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy a zpochyb\u0148ovat p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e1 zkreslen\u00ed nebo nep\u0159esnosti.<\/p>\n\n

Role monarchie<\/h2>\n\n

Thajsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu se technicky vztahuje pouze na \u017eij\u00edc\u00edho kr\u00e1le, kr\u00e1lovnu a n\u00e1sledn\u00edka tr\u016fnu. V minulosti v\u0161ak byl z\u00e1kon vykl\u00e1d\u00e1n voln\u011b a kritici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee byl pou\u017eit k omezen\u00ed svobody projevu a uml\u010den\u00ed disentu.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdvoj z\u00e1kona o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu<\/h2>\n\n

Thajsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu se v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu vyv\u00edjel a odr\u00e1\u017eel m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se politick\u00e9 a spole\u010densk\u00e9 souvislosti. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit historick\u00fd v\u00fdvoj z\u00e1kona a jeho d\u016fsledky pro svobodu projevu.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edpad Sulaka Sivaraksy a ot\u00e1zka ur\u00e1\u017eky majest\u00e1tu v Thajsku zd\u016fraz\u0148uje slo\u017eit\u00fd vztah mezi histori\u00ed, politikou a svobodou projevu. Kulturn\u00ed vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed sice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt siln\u00e9, ale je nezbytn\u00e9 je kriticky zkoumat a zajistit, aby se nestaly n\u00e1strojem k uml\u010den\u00ed disentu nebo potla\u010den\u00ed pravdy. Osvobozen\u00ed Sivaraksy je p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou toho, \u017ee boj za svobodu projevu je neust\u00e1l\u00fd z\u00e1pas, a to i tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159 nep\u0159\u00edzni osudu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Thajsk\u00fd z\u00e1kon o ur\u00e1\u017ece majest\u00e1tu a p\u0159\u00edpad Sulaka Sivaraksy Historick\u00fd kontext V roce 1593 \u00fadajn\u011b porazil kr\u00e1l Naresuan z Thajska (tehdy Siam) barmsk\u00e9ho korunn\u00edho prince v dramatick\u00e9 bitv\u011b na slonech.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6738],"tags":[20336,69,527,20335,15379,4143,20334],"class_list":["post-15253","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-society-and-culture","tag-thai-history","tag-human-rights","tag-social-justice","tag-sulak-sivaraksa","tag-freedom-of-speech","tag-thailand","tag-lese-majeste"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15253","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15253"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15253\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15254,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15253\/revisions\/15254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}