Tradice n\u00e1rodn\u00ed menory za\u010dala v roce 1979, kdy se ortodoxn\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00fd v\u016fdce Abraham Shemtov obr\u00e1til na prezidenta Jimmyho Cartera se \u017e\u00e1dost\u00ed o um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed menory na Elipse, parkov\u00e9 oblasti mezi B\u00edl\u00fdm domem a Washingtonsk\u00fdm monumentem. Shemtov v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee hlavn\u00ed m\u011bsto n\u00e1roda by m\u011blo m\u00edt menoru, kter\u00e1 by reprezentovala Chanuku, stejn\u011b jako m\u00e1 v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed strome\u010dek, kter\u00fd reprezentuje V\u00e1noce.<\/p>\n\n
Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku ministr vnitra \u017e\u00e1dost Shemtova zam\u00edtl s od\u016fvodn\u011bn\u00edm obav z poru\u0161en\u00ed prvn\u00edho dodatku. Shemtov v\u0161ak z\u00edskal pomoc Stu Eizenstata, poradce prezidenta Cartera, kter\u00fd pohrozil, \u017ee zam\u00edtne povolen\u00ed pro n\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00ed strom, pokud nebude schv\u00e1leno povolen\u00ed pro menoru. Ministr ustoupil a prvn\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed menora byla toho roku rozsv\u00edcena za \u00fa\u010dasti prezidenta Cartera na slavnostn\u00edm ceremoni\u00e1lu.<\/p>\n\n
V prvn\u00edch letech se slavnostn\u00ed rozsv\u00edcen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed menory konalo v Lafayette Parku naproti B\u00edl\u00e9mu domu. Prvn\u00edho ceremoni\u00e1lu se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo jen n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek lid\u00ed, ale akce v pr\u016fb\u011bhu let rostla na popularit\u011b. V roce 1982 prezident Ronald Reagan ozna\u010dil menoru za \u201en\u00e1rodn\u00ed menoru\u201c a jej\u00ed rozsv\u00edcen\u00ed p\u0159irovnal k rozsv\u00edcen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00edho v\u00e1no\u010dn\u00edho stromu. O p\u011bt let pozd\u011bji byla menora p\u0159esunuta na jej\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u00e9 m\u00edsto na Ellipse.<\/p>\n\n
Dnes je slavnostn\u00ed rozsv\u00edcen\u00ed n\u00e1rodn\u00ed menory v\u00fdznamnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed tis\u00edce lid\u00ed a kterou sleduje dal\u0161\u00edch n\u011bkolik milion\u016f v televizi a online. Ceremonii obvykle vede v\u00fdznamn\u00fd \u017eidovsk\u00fd politik a menora se rozsv\u011bcuje po osm noc\u00ed, ka\u017edou noc jedna sv\u00ed\u010dka, na pam\u00e1tku osmi noc\u00ed Chanuky.<\/p>\n\n
N\u00e1rodn\u00ed menora je v\u00edce ne\u017e jen symbol Chanuky. Je to tak\u00e9 symbol n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody a d\u016fle\u017eitosti ochrany pr\u00e1v v\u0161ech Ameri\u010dan\u016f praktikovat svou v\u00edru. Velikost a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed menory jsou regulov\u00e1ny \u017eidovsk\u00fdm z\u00e1konem, kter\u00fd stanov\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00ed b\u00fdt viditeln\u00e1 z d\u00e1lky, ale ne tak vysoko, aby lid\u00e9 museli natahovat krk, aby ji vid\u011bli. To symbolizuje jemnou rovnov\u00e1hu mezi pot\u0159ebou n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9ho vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed a pot\u0159ebou respektovat pr\u00e1va druh\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n
Chanuka je \u017eidovsk\u00fd sv\u00e1tek, kter\u00fd p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed Makabejc\u016f nad Seleukovskou \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed ve 2. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l. Makabejci byli skupina \u017eidovsk\u00fdch povstalc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed bojovali za pr\u00e1vo svobodn\u011b praktikovat sv\u00e9 n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Menora je symbolem v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed Makabejc\u016f a triumfu sv\u011btla nad temnotou.<\/p>\n\n
N\u00e1rodn\u00ed menora i nad\u00e1le z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 mocn\u00fdm symbolem Chanuky a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody. Je to p\u0159ipom\u00ednka d\u016fle\u017eitosti boje za na\u0161e pr\u00e1va a nutnosti respektovat pr\u00e1va druh\u00fdch. Menora je maj\u00e1kem nad\u011bje a inspirace pro v\u0161echny Ameri\u010dany, bez ohledu na jejich v\u00edru.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
N\u00e1rodn\u00ed menora: Symbol Chanuky a n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 svobody Tradice n\u00e1rodn\u00ed menory Tradice n\u00e1rodn\u00ed menory za\u010dala v roce 1979, kdy se ortodoxn\u00ed \u017eidovsk\u00fd v\u016fdce Abraham Shemtov obr\u00e1til na prezidenta Jimmyho Cartera se…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24588,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1730],"tags":[3567,20443,15852,7012,3026],"class_list":["post-15338","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-culture-and-religion","tag-hanukkah","tag-national-menorah","tag-religious-freedom","tag-washington-dc","tag-jewish-history"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15338","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15338"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15338\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24589,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15338\/revisions\/24589"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}