{"id":15414,"date":"2023-03-07T19:12:35","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T19:12:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15414"},"modified":"2023-03-07T19:12:35","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T19:12:35","slug":"eastern-barred-bandicoot-remarkable-recovery","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/eastern-barred-bandicoot-remarkable-recovery\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdchodn\u00ed p\u00e1sovec pruhovan\u00fd: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh pozoruhodn\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdchodn\u00ed p\u00e1sovec pruhovan\u00fd: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh pozoruhodn\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany<\/h2>\n\n

Chov v zajet\u00ed: Z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 lano pro vyhynul\u00e9 druhy<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 1988 byl v\u00fdchodn\u00ed p\u00e1sovec pruhovan\u00fd prohl\u00e1\u0161en za vyhynul\u00e9ho ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. D\u00edky specializovan\u00e9mu programu chovu v zajet\u00ed se v\u0161ak tento mal\u00fd va\u010dnatec do\u010dkal neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00e9ho n\u00e1vratu. V\u011bdci odebrali 40 p\u00e1skovc\u016f z posledn\u00ed zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed populace a zalo\u017eili chovn\u00fd program v zoologick\u00fdch zahrad\u00e1ch a p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch rezervac\u00edch. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika desetilet\u00ed vzrostla populace v zajet\u00ed na v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 500 jedinc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

N\u00e1vrat do p\u0159\u00edrody: \u010celem v\u00fdzv\u00e1m<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159es \u00fasp\u011bch chovu v zajet\u00ed se n\u00e1vrat v\u00fdchodn\u00edho p\u00e1skovce pruhovan\u00e9ho do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody uk\u00e1zal b\u00fdt velkou v\u00fdzvou. \u0160est pokus\u016f o n\u00e1vrat selhalo kv\u016fli predaci li\u0161ek. Pl\u00e1n obnovy z roku 2011 identifikoval pot\u0159ebu eliminovat li\u0161ky z m\u00edst vypou\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ed n\u00e1vratem p\u00e1skovc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Ostrovy a oplocen\u00e9 v\u00fdb\u011bhy: Bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Z\u00e1chrann\u00fd t\u00fdm vypou\u0161t\u011bl p\u00e1skovce na ostrovy bez li\u0161ek a do oplocen\u00fdch v\u00fdb\u011bh\u016f na pevnin\u011b. Tyto chr\u00e1n\u011bn\u00e9 oblasti poskytovaly p\u00e1skovc\u016fm bezpe\u010dn\u00e9 \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00fdch populac\u00ed. Do roku 2021 bylo \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vypu\u0161t\u011bno 1 500 p\u00e1skovc\u016f do \u010dty\u0159 oplocen\u00fdch oblast\u00ed a na t\u0159i ostrovy.<\/p>\n\n

Maremmani: Ne\u010dekan\u00ed ochr\u00e1nci<\/h2>\n\n

Aby roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159ili oblast v\u00fdskytu p\u00e1skovc\u016f za oplocen\u00e9 oblasti, obr\u00e1tili se v\u011bdci na inovativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed: maremansk\u00e9 ov\u010d\u00e1ck\u00e9 psy. Tito velc\u00ed ochran\u00e1\u0159\u0161t\u00ed psi jsou vycvi\u010deni k odrazov\u00e1n\u00ed li\u0161ek od \u00fazem\u00ed p\u00e1skovc\u016f. V posledn\u00edch dvou letech byli p\u00e1skovci vypou\u0161t\u011bni do otev\u0159en\u00fdch pastvin s maremmany a ovcemi, kter\u00e9 je chr\u00e1nily.<\/p>\n\n

Genetick\u00e1 rozmanitost: Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed prvek<\/h2>\n\n

Nedostatek genetick\u00e9 rozmanitosti u viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho poddruhu p\u00e1skovce pruhovan\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavoval v\u00e1\u017enou hrozbu pro jeho dlouhodob\u00e9 p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed. Studie z roku 2013 uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee v\u0161ichni \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed viktori\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed p\u00e1skovci poch\u00e1zeli pouze od 19 jedinc\u016f. Aby tento probl\u00e9m vy\u0159e\u0161ili, zah\u00e1jil z\u00e1chrann\u00fd t\u00fdm genetick\u00fd z\u00e1chrann\u00fd program, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m k\u0159\u00ed\u017eili tasm\u00e1nsk\u00e9 p\u00e1skovce s ohro\u017een\u00fdmi jedinci z pevniny. To zv\u00fd\u0161ilo genetickou rozmanitost viktori\u00e1nsk\u00e9 populace a zlep\u0161ilo jej\u00ed odolnost.<\/p>\n\n

Kontrola li\u0161ek: Vyva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

A\u010dkoli se maremmani uk\u00e1zali jako \u00fa\u010dinn\u00ed p\u0159i odrazov\u00e1n\u00ed li\u0161ek, zcela je z \u00fazem\u00ed p\u00e1skovc\u016f neodstranili. M\u00edsto toho u li\u0161ek vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed pocit neklidu, tak\u017ee je m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se budou zdr\u017eovat v oblastech, kde jsou psi p\u0159\u00edtomni. Tato strategie umo\u017e\u0148uje p\u00e1skovc\u016fm koexistovat s li\u0161kami a z\u00e1rove\u0148 sni\u017euje riziko predace.<\/p>\n\n

Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdzkum: \u0158\u00edzen\u00ed z\u00e1chrany<\/h2>\n\n

K monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed pohybu p\u00e1skovc\u016f a hodnocen\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnosti ochrann\u00fdch opat\u0159en\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed fotopast\u011b a dal\u0161\u00ed monitorovac\u00ed techniky. V\u011bdci tak\u00e9 studuj\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00e1skovc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se vyh\u00fdbaj\u00ed pred\u00e1tor\u016fm, s c\u00edlem chovat jedince, kte\u0159\u00ed se s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed vyhnou li\u0161k\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n

Model pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody<\/h2>\n\n

Z\u00e1chrana v\u00fdchodn\u00edho p\u00e1skovce pruhovan\u00e9ho ukazuje s\u00edlu spolupr\u00e1ce, inovac\u00ed a v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu v ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9m \u00fasil\u00ed. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed chovu v zajet\u00ed, technik n\u00e1vratu do p\u0159\u00edrody a kontroly pred\u00e1tor\u016f poskytlo cenn\u00fd model pro z\u00e1chranu dal\u0161\u00edch ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Budoucnost v\u00fdchodn\u00edho p\u00e1skovce pruhovan\u00e9ho<\/h2>\n\n

Budoucnost v\u00fdchodn\u00edho p\u00e1skovce pruhovan\u00e9ho je slibn\u00e1. D\u00edky pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edmu monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u00fdzkumu a ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed je tento pozoruhodn\u00fd druh na dobr\u00e9 cest\u011b k tomu, aby si znovu zajistil sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v australsk\u00e9m ekosyst\u00e9mu. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd n\u00e1vrat v\u00fdchodn\u00edho p\u00e1skovce pruhovan\u00e9ho do p\u0159\u00edrody slou\u017e\u00ed jako sv\u011bdectv\u00ed odolnosti p\u0159\u00edrody a odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed pracuj\u00ed na jej\u00ed ochran\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00fdchodn\u00ed p\u00e1sovec pruhovan\u00fd: P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh pozoruhodn\u00e9 z\u00e1chrany Chov v zajet\u00ed: Z\u00e1chrann\u00e9 lano pro vyhynul\u00e9 druhy V roce 1988 byl v\u00fdchodn\u00ed p\u00e1sovec pruhovan\u00fd prohl\u00e1\u0161en za vyhynul\u00e9ho ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b. D\u00edky specializovan\u00e9mu programu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[5241,20519,2748,606,5288,5642,8202],"class_list":["post-15414","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-captive-breeding","tag-eastern-barred-bandicoot","tag-genetic-diversity","tag-predator-control","tag-reintroduction","tag-conservation-success","tag-wildlife-recovery"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15414","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15414"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15414\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15415,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15414\/revisions\/15415"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15414"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15414"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15414"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}