Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam, ikonick\u00fd symbol Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, m\u00e1 pon\u011bkud z\u00e1hadn\u00fd p\u016fvod. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee jm\u00e9no poch\u00e1z\u00ed z vl\u00e1dn\u00edch dod\u00e1vek ozna\u010den\u00fdch “U.S.” b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky roku 1812. Jin\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee poch\u00e1z\u00ed od bal\u00edrny masa jm\u00e9nem Sam Wilson, kter\u00fd prod\u00e1val hov\u011bz\u00ed maso ozna\u010den\u00e9 “U.S.” arm\u00e1d\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Postava Str\u00fd\u010dka Sama se vyvinula z postavy z karikatury z dob revolu\u010dn\u00ed v\u00e1lky jm\u00e9nem Bratr Jonathan, moralistick\u00e9ho Yankeeho. V 70. letech 19. stolet\u00ed z\u00edskal Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam sv\u016fj charakteristick\u00fd vous v Harper’s Weekly. Postupem \u010dasu formovali obraz Str\u00fd\u010dka Sama nadan\u00ed ilustr\u00e1to\u0159i a politi\u010dt\u00ed karikaturist\u00e9, jako byli Thomas Nast, James Montgomery Flagg a David Low.<\/p>\n\n
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam hr\u00e1l prominentn\u00ed roli v americk\u00e9 popul\u00e1rn\u00ed kultu\u0159e. Byl zobrazen jako spojenec Miss Liberty, povzbuzovatel mlad\u00fdch mu\u017e\u016f, aby se p\u0159ipojili k arm\u00e1d\u011b, a lament\u00e1tor n\u00e1rodn\u00edho dluhu. Ve spole\u010dnosti National Comics se Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam spojil s d\u00edt\u011btem jm\u00e9nem Buddy, aby zma\u0159ili pl\u00e1ny nacistick\u00fdch zlo\u010dinc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam je komplexn\u00ed a protich\u016fdn\u00fd symbol. Je \u010dasto popisov\u00e1n jako “kompozice divok\u00e9 ko\u010dky a vrkaj\u00edc\u00ed holubice”, reprezentuj\u00edc\u00ed jak agresivn\u00ed, tak soucitn\u00e9 aspekty americk\u00e9 povahy. Guvern\u00e9r Robert Taylor z Tennessee jednou prohl\u00e1sil, \u017ee Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam je “state\u010dn\u00fd jako Caesar a m\u00edrn\u00fd jako Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161”.<\/p>\n\n
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam byl tak\u00e9 symbolem americk\u00e9ho imperialismu. Je \u010dasto zobrazov\u00e1n jako “\u0161\u00e9f z\u00e1padn\u00ed polokoule” a “\u0161erif Kuby”. Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam byl v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 kritizov\u00e1n za sv\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s n\u00e1sil\u00edm a v\u00e1lkou.<\/p>\n\n
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam a Miss Liberty jsou dva z nejikoni\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edch symbol\u016f Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f. \u010casto se objevuj\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b v politick\u00fdch karikatur\u00e1ch a dal\u0161\u00edch zobrazen\u00edch americk\u00fdch ide\u00e1l\u016f. Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam reprezentuje mu\u017eskou, aktivn\u00ed str\u00e1nku zem\u011b, zat\u00edmco Miss Liberty reprezentuje \u017eenskou, v\u00edtac\u00ed str\u00e1nku.<\/p>\n\n
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam hr\u00e1l v\u00fdznamnou roli v americk\u00e9 historii. Byl pou\u017eit k mobilizaci podpory pro v\u00e1lky, propagaci patriotismu a prodeji produkt\u016f. B\u011bhem druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky byl obraz Str\u00fd\u010dka Sama pou\u017eit v propagandistick\u00fdch plak\u00e1tech, aby povzbudil Ameri\u010dany, aby se p\u0159ipojili k v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 siln\u00fdm symbolem Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f ve 21. stolet\u00ed. St\u00e1le se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 v politick\u00fdch karikatur\u00e1ch, reklam\u00e1ch a dal\u0161\u00edch form\u00e1ch m\u00e9di\u00ed. V\u00fdznam Str\u00fd\u010dka Sama se v\u0161ak v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu vyvinul. U\u017e nen\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1n pouze jako symbol americk\u00e9 moci a agrese. M\u00edsto toho je \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1n jako slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a nuancovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed postava, reprezentuj\u00edc\u00ed jak siln\u00e9, tak slab\u00e9 str\u00e1nky Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Prob\u00edhaj\u00ed debaty o v\u00fdznamu Str\u00fd\u010dka Sama. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed kritici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je symbolem americk\u00e9ho imperialismu a militarismu. Jin\u00ed tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee je symbolem americk\u00e9ho patriotismu a ide\u00e1l\u016f. Nakonec je v\u00fdznam Str\u00fd\u010dka Sama na ka\u017ed\u00e9m jednotlivci, aby se rozhodl.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam: Trval\u00fd symbol Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f P\u016fvod a v\u00fdvoj Str\u00fd\u010dek Sam, ikonick\u00fd symbol Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f, m\u00e1 pon\u011bkud z\u00e1hadn\u00fd p\u016fvod. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee jm\u00e9no poch\u00e1z\u00ed z vl\u00e1dn\u00edch dod\u00e1vek ozna\u010den\u00fdch “U.S.” b\u011bhem…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25044,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5537],"tags":[529,19,3488,20767,20766,193],"class_list":["post-15594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-american-history","tag-american-culture","tag-american-history","tag-patriotism","tag-political-cartoons","tag-uncle-sam","tag-symbolism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15594","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15594"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15594\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25045,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15594\/revisions\/25045"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25044"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15594"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15594"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15594"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}