{"id":15599,"date":"2019-09-09T03:39:05","date_gmt":"2019-09-09T03:39:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15599"},"modified":"2019-09-09T03:39:05","modified_gmt":"2019-09-09T03:39:05","slug":"rhino-horns-valuable-endangered-commodity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/wildlife-and-conservation\/rhino-horns-valuable-endangered-commodity\/","title":{"rendered":"Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy: Cenn\u00e1 a ohro\u017een\u00e1 komodita"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy: Cenn\u00e1 a ohro\u017een\u00e1 komodita<\/h2>\n\n<p>Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy jsou velmi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b, zejm\u00e9na v Asii. Tato popt\u00e1vka vedla k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed nosoro\u017ec\u016f, co\u017e n\u011bkolik druh\u016f nosoro\u017ec\u016f p\u0159ivedlo na pokraj vyhynut\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hodnota a popt\u00e1vka<\/h3>\n\n<p>Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed z keratinu, stejn\u00e9 b\u00edlkoviny, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v lidsk\u00fdch vlasech a nehtech. Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy jsou v\u0161ak vysoce cen\u011bny pro sv\u00e9 \u00fadajn\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 vlastnosti, v\u010detn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dby rakoviny, kocoviny a dal\u0161\u00edch neduh\u016f. Tato popt\u00e1vka vyhnala cenu nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roh\u016f do z\u00e1vratn\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161ek, kter\u00e9 p\u0159ekra\u010duj\u00ed cenu zlata.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Krize pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed lov nosoro\u017ec\u016f kv\u016fli jejich roh\u016fm dos\u00e1hl alarmuj\u00edc\u00edch \u00farovn\u00ed. V Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe, kde \u017eije v\u011bt\u0161ina nosoro\u017ec\u016f, pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed zdecimovalo populace nosoro\u017ec\u016f. V roce 2021 bylo pytl\u00e1ky zabito odhadem 800 nosoro\u017ec\u016f, co\u017e je v\u00fdrazn\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst oproti p\u0159edchoz\u00edm rok\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n<p>Z\u00e1padn\u00ed \u010dern\u00fd nosoro\u017eec byl v roce 2011 prohl\u00e1\u0161en za vyhynul\u00e9ho kv\u016fli nekontrolovateln\u00e9mu pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed druhy nosoro\u017ec\u016f, jako je nosoro\u017eec b\u00edl\u00fd a nosoro\u017eec \u010dern\u00fd, \u010del\u00ed tak\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u00fdm hrozb\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edna a nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praktiky v Asii, zejm\u00e9na ve Vietnamu a \u010c\u00edn\u011b, p\u0159ipisuj\u00ed nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edm roh\u016fm l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 vlastnosti. Neexistuj\u00ed v\u0161ak \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 d\u016fkazy, kter\u00e9 by tato tvrzen\u00ed podporovaly. Ve skute\u010dnosti bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee konzumace nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edho rohu nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zdravotn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosy a dokonce m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u0161kodliv\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u016fsledky pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed nosoro\u017ec\u016f m\u00e1 ni\u010div\u00e9 d\u016fsledky nad r\u00e1mec ztr\u00e1ty jednotliv\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Naru\u0161uje tak\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my, proto\u017ee nosoro\u017eci hraj\u00ed z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti a kolob\u011bhu \u017eivin.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n<p>Aby bojovali proti pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed nosoro\u017ec\u016f, ochr\u00e1nci p\u0159\u00edrody uplat\u0148uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 strategie:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Otrava nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roh\u016f:<\/strong> N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed str\u00e1\u017eci se uchyluj\u00ed k otrav\u011b nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roh\u016f, aby odradili pytl\u00e1ky od jejich konzumace.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kr\u00e1de\u017ee v muze\u00edch:<\/strong> \u010cast\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 kr\u00e1de\u017ee nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roh\u016f, p\u0159i nich\u017e zlo\u010dinci c\u00edl\u00ed na muzejn\u00ed expon\u00e1ty. Muze\u00edm se doporu\u010duje zlep\u0161it bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed a zv\u00e1\u017eit odstran\u011bn\u00ed nebo nahrazen\u00ed expon\u00e1t\u016f s nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edmi rohy.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce:<\/strong> \u00damluva o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm obchodu s ohro\u017een\u00fdmi druhy (CITES) hraje kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v regulaci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho obchodu s nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edmi rohy a dal\u0161\u00edmi ohro\u017een\u00fdmi druhy.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky<\/h3>\n\n<p>Otrava nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roh\u016f vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 etick\u00e9 obavy. P\u0159esto\u017ee m\u016f\u017ee odradit pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se pohody zv\u00ed\u0159at a potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho nebezpe\u010d\u00ed pro jin\u00e9 druhy, kter\u00e9 mohou otr\u00e1ven\u00e9 rohy konzumovat.<\/p>\n\n<p>Kr\u00e1de\u017ee nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roh\u016f z muze\u00ed tak\u00e9 zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed pot\u0159ebu zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 bezpe\u010dnosti a ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho pov\u011bdom\u00ed o d\u016fle\u017eitosti ochrany ohro\u017een\u00fdch druh\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budoucnost ochrany nosoro\u017ec\u016f<\/h3>\n\n<p>Budoucnost ochrany nosoro\u017ec\u016f z\u00e1vis\u00ed na \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din popt\u00e1vky po nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roz\u00edch. Osv\u011btov\u00e9 kampan\u011b a mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed popt\u00e1vky a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pov\u011bdom\u00ed o ni\u010div\u00fdch d\u016fsledc\u00edch pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>V kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku vy\u017eaduje ochrana nosoro\u017ec\u016f a jejich roh\u016f v\u00edcestrann\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, kter\u00fd zahrnuje vym\u00e1h\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1va, ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed kulturn\u00edch p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 poh\u00e1n\u011bj\u00ed popt\u00e1vku po nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00edch roz\u00edch.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy: Cenn\u00e1 a ohro\u017een\u00e1 komodita Nosoro\u017e\u010d\u00ed rohy jsou velmi \u017e\u00e1dan\u00e9 pro pou\u017eit\u00ed v tradi\u010dn\u00ed medic\u00edn\u011b, zejm\u00e9na v Asii. Tato popt\u00e1vka vedla k prudk\u00e9mu n\u00e1r\u016fstu pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed nosoro\u017ec\u016f, co\u017e n\u011bkolik druh\u016f&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5644],"tags":[8348,1898,404,1205,1281],"class_list":["post-15599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-wildlife-and-conservation","tag-rhino-conservation","tag-wildlife-protection","tag-endangered-species","tag-poaching","tag-traditional-medicine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15599"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15599\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15600,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15599\/revisions\/15600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}