{"id":15729,"date":"2021-01-08T08:47:34","date_gmt":"2021-01-08T08:47:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15729"},"modified":"2021-01-08T08:47:34","modified_gmt":"2021-01-08T08:47:34","slug":"mass-psychogenic-illness-a-psychological-epidemic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/psychology\/mass-psychogenic-illness-a-psychological-epidemic\/","title":{"rendered":"Psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu: Psychologick\u00e1 epidemie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu: Psychologick\u00e1 epidemie<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu?<\/h2>\n\n<p>Psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu (MPI), zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako hromadn\u00e1 hysterie nebo konverzn\u00ed porucha, je stav, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m skupina lid\u00ed za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 fyzick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky bez identifikovateln\u00e9 organick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny. Tyto p\u0159\u00edznaky se mohou pohybovat od vyr\u00e1\u017eek a z\u00e1vrat\u00ed a\u017e po z\u00e1chvaty a paral\u00fdzu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Typy psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Existuj\u00ed dva hlavn\u00ed typy MPI:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u00dazkostn\u00e1 hysterie<\/strong> je vyvol\u00e1na extr\u00e9mn\u00ed \u00fazkost\u00ed v \u00fazce spjat\u00e9 skupin\u011b a zp\u016fsobuje p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako jsou z\u00e1vrat\u011b, bolesti hlavy a mdloby.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Motorick\u00e1 hysterie<\/strong> postihuje nep\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b d\u00edvky a \u017eeny a vypl\u00fdv\u00e1 z dlouhodob\u00e9ho stresu, co\u017e zp\u016fsobuje p\u0159\u00edznaky, jako je z\u00e1\u0161kuby, t\u0159es a tiky obli\u010deje.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>MPI je zp\u016fsobeno psychologick\u00fdm spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem, nikoli biologick\u00fdm nebo environment\u00e1ln\u00edm. Tento spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt cokoli od vn\u00edman\u00e9 hrozby po traumatickou ud\u00e1lost. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b vypuknut\u00ed nemoci \u201ejahody s cukrem\u201c v Portugalsku byl spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem popul\u00e1rn\u00ed televizn\u00ed seri\u00e1l pro teenagery, kter\u00fd obsahoval p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o \u017eivot ohro\u017euj\u00edc\u00ed nemoci.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>MPI je zdokumentov\u00e1no po stalet\u00ed, sahaj\u00edc\u00ed a\u017e do st\u0159edov\u011bku. V 15. a 19. stolet\u00ed byly vypuknut\u00ed MPI b\u011b\u017en\u00e1 v kl\u00e1\u0161terech, kde byly \u017eeny vystaveny extr\u00e9mn\u00edmu stresu a izolaci. B\u011bhem pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 revoluce do\u0161lo k vypuknut\u00ed MPI v tov\u00e1rn\u00e1ch a intern\u00e1tn\u00edch \u0161kol\u00e1ch, kde pracovn\u00edci a studenti \u010delili podobn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n<p>Ve 20. stolet\u00ed za\u010daly b\u00fdt vypuknut\u00ed MPI vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1ny obavami z environment\u00e1ln\u00edch toxin\u016f a strachem z tajemn\u00fdch pach\u016f. \u00datoky nervov\u00fdm plynem sarin v Tokiu v roce 1995 vyvolaly \u0159adu epizod MPI zahrnuj\u00edc\u00edch ne\u0161kodn\u00e9 pachy.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed v psychogenn\u00edm onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Soci\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u00e9dia mohou hr\u00e1t v\u00fdznamnou roli v \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed MPI. Spou\u0161t\u011b\u010d MPI, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad novinov\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek o vypuknut\u00ed nemoci, se m\u016f\u017ee rychle a \u0161iroce \u0161\u00ed\u0159it prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00e9st k nov\u00fdm ohnisk\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dopad psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>MPI m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na jednotlivce i spole\u010dnost jako celek. Jednotlivci, kte\u0159\u00ed za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky MPI, mohou chyb\u011bt ve \u0161kole nebo v pr\u00e1ci a mohou b\u00fdt stigmatizov\u00e1ni jako osoby s \u201edu\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc\u00ed\u201c. Vypuknut\u00ed MPI m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt tak\u00e9 n\u00e1kladn\u00e9 pro nemocnice a syst\u00e9m zdravotn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de, proto\u017ee l\u00e9ka\u0159i mohou opakovan\u011b testovat na organickou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu, kter\u00e1 neexistuje.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diagn\u00f3za a l\u00e9\u010dba psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Diagn\u00f3za MPI m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1, proto\u017ee neexistuje jedin\u00fd test, kter\u00fd by tento stav mohl potvrdit. L\u00e9ka\u0159i se obvykle spol\u00e9haj\u00ed na kombinaci pacientovy anamn\u00e9zy, fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edho vy\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed a vylou\u010den\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din.<\/p>\n\n<p>Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd specifick\u00fd l\u00e9k na MPI, ale l\u00e9\u010dba obvykle zahrnuje psychoterapii, kter\u00e1 pacient\u016fm pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pochopit a zvl\u00e1dat sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159edeps\u00e1ny l\u00e9ky ke zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed \u00fazkosti nebo dal\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budoucnost psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>S t\u00edm, jak sv\u011bt \u010del\u00ed nov\u00fdm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m, jako je terorismus a zm\u011bna klimatu, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee MPI bude i nad\u00e1le existovat. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si tento stav uv\u011bdomovat a vyhledat pomoc, pokud vy nebo n\u011bkdo, koho zn\u00e1te, za\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te nevysv\u011btliteln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edznaky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed stigmatu psychogenn\u00edho onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kolem MPI existuje stigma, proto\u017ee je \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako \u201edu\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc\u201c. Toto stigma m\u016f\u017ee lidem br\u00e1nit v hled\u00e1n\u00ed pomoci a m\u016f\u017ee v\u011bdc\u016fm zt\u011b\u017eovat studium tohoto stavu. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee MPI je skute\u010dn\u00fd stav, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee postihnout kohokoli, bez ohledu na jeho du\u0161evn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu je komplexn\u00ed a fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed stav, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na jednotlivce i spole\u010dnost. Pochopen\u00edm p\u0159\u00ed\u010din, p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a l\u00e9\u010dby MPI m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit stigma spojen\u00e9 s t\u00edmto stavem a zajistit, aby lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou j\u00edm posti\u017eeni, z\u00edskali pot\u0159ebnou pomoc.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu: Psychologick\u00e1 epidemie Co je psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu? Psychogenn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed hromadn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskytu (MPI), zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako hromadn\u00e1 hysterie nebo konverzn\u00ed porucha, je stav, p\u0159i kter\u00e9m skupina&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[100],"tags":[25,20913,20912,20911,20914],"class_list":["post-15729","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-psychology","tag-mental-health","tag-conversion-disorder","tag-mass-hysteria","tag-mass-psychogenic-illness","tag-psychological-epidemic"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15729","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15729"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15729\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15730,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15729\/revisions\/15730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15729"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15729"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15729"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}