Antarktida, rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd a ledov\u00fd kontinent, je domovem Mount Erebus, nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sopky na kontinentu. Tato geologick\u00e1 n\u00e1dhera l\u00e1k\u00e1 dobrodruhy i v\u011bdce sv\u00fdmi surre\u00e1ln\u00edmi ledov\u00fdmi jeskyn\u011bmi, ty\u010d\u00edc\u00edmi se fumarolami a odhalen\u00fdm l\u00e1vov\u00fdm jezerem.<\/p>\n\n
Svahy Mount Erebus zdob\u00ed stovky ledov\u00fdch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed naz\u00fdvan\u00fdch fumaroly. Tyto \u00fatvary vznikaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e hork\u00fd plyn a l\u00e1va prosakuj\u00ed boky sopky, tav\u00ed sn\u011bhovou pokr\u00fdvku nad sebou a vytes\u00e1vaj\u00ed jeskyn\u011b. Kdy\u017e p\u00e1ra unik\u00e1 z t\u011bchto jeskyn\u00ed, zmrzne v mraziv\u00e9m vzduchu a vytvo\u0159\u00ed kom\u00edny, kter\u00e9 mohou dos\u00e1hnout v\u00fd\u0161ky a\u017e 60 stop.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z nejpozoruhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch rys\u016f Mount Erebus je jeho l\u00e1vov\u00e9 jezero, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na vrcholu sopky. Na rozd\u00edl od v\u011bt\u0161iny sopek, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed centr\u00e1ln\u00ed komoru roztaven\u00e9 horniny p\u0159ekrytou pevnou horninou, je magma Mount Erebus vystavena na povrchu. Toto vrouc\u00ed l\u00e1vov\u00e9 jezero, o kter\u00e9m se odhaduje, \u017ee je hlubok\u00e9 n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f a dosahuje teplot 1 700 stup\u0148\u016f Fahrenheita, nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u011bdc\u016fm vz\u00e1cn\u00fd pohled do nitra sopky.<\/p>\n\n
Mount Erebus je obl\u00edbenou destinac\u00ed pro v\u011bdce i fotografy. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci ze stanice McMurdo ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech monitoruj\u00ed sopku na d\u00e1lku po cel\u00fd rok a shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed data o jej\u00ed seismick\u00e9 aktivit\u011b, n\u00e1klonu a sign\u00e1lech GPS. B\u011bhem \u0161estit\u00fddenn\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny od poloviny listopadu do za\u010d\u00e1tku ledna se v\u011bdci vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed k Mount Erebus, aby provedli podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed studie.<\/p>\n\n
Fotograf George Steinmetz po\u0159\u00eddil \u00fachvatn\u00e9 sn\u00edmky ledov\u00fdch jeskyn\u00ed a l\u00e1vov\u00e9ho jezera Mount Erebus b\u011bhem expedice financovan\u00e9 Nadac\u00ed pro v\u011bdu. Jeho fotografie byly zve\u0159ejn\u011bny v \u010dasopise Smithsonian a zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed kr\u00e1su a v\u011bdeck\u00fd v\u00fdznam t\u00e9to geologick\u00e9 n\u00e1dhery.<\/p>\n\n
Pr\u016fzkum Mount Erebus nen\u00ed bez rizik. Sopka m\u016f\u017ee n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t denn\u011b vybuchnout a vyst\u0159elit l\u00e1vov\u00e9 bomby, kter\u00e9 mohou dos\u00e1hnout velikosti a\u017e deset stop na \u0161\u00ed\u0159ku. \u010cast\u00e9 jsou tak\u00e9 siln\u00e9 v\u011btry, v\u00e1nice a b\u00edl\u00e1 tma, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky \u010dasto uv\u011bzn\u00ed v jejich t\u00e1bo\u0159e na n\u011bkolik dn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Mount Erebus a zbytek Antarktidy budou v roce 2007 p\u0159edm\u011btem zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 kontroly v r\u00e1mci \u010dtvrt\u00e9ho Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edho pol\u00e1rn\u00edho roku. V\u011bdci budou zkoumat vliv kontinentu na celosv\u011btov\u00e9 po\u010das\u00ed a zkoumat potenci\u00e1l \u017eivota v extr\u00e9mn\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch p\u00f3l\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b slibn\u00e9 pro objeven\u00ed neobjeven\u00e9ho \u017eivota jsou ledov\u00e9 jeskyn\u011b na Mount Erebus. P\u0159es kol\u00eds\u00e1n\u00ed jejich velikosti si udr\u017euj\u00ed relativn\u011b teplou teplotu kolem 32 stup\u0148\u016f Fahrenheita. Toto teplo poskytuje potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b organism\u016fm, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159izp\u016fsobily drsn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m Antarktidy.<\/p>\n\n
Mount Erebus je d\u016fkazem s\u00edly a kr\u00e1sy p\u0159\u00edrody. Jeho jedine\u010dn\u00e9 geologick\u00e9 rysy a pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed sope\u010dn\u00e1 \u010dinnost z n\u011bj d\u011blaj\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed destinaci pro v\u011bdce i dobrodruhy. S pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm v\u00fdzkumem m\u016f\u017eeme z\u00edskat hlub\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed t\u00e9to mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 sopky a jej\u00ed role v antarktick\u00e9m ekosyst\u00e9mu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Mount Erebus: Geologick\u00fd div Antarktidy \u00davod Antarktida, rozs\u00e1hl\u00fd a ledov\u00fd kontinent, je domovem Mount Erebus, nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sopky na kontinentu. Tato geologick\u00e1 n\u00e1dhera l\u00e1k\u00e1 dobrodruhy i v\u011bdce sv\u00fdmi surre\u00e1ln\u00edmi ledov\u00fdmi jeskyn\u011bmi,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[728],"tags":[721,6,207,20983,20984,252,564,568,99,97],"class_list":["post-15789","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-sciences","tag-antarctica","tag-photography","tag-geology","tag-ice-caves","tag-lava-lakes","tag-nature","tag-exploration","tag-volcanoes","tag-lifescienceart","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15789","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15789"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15789\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15790,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15789\/revisions\/15790"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15789"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15789"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15789"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}