Podle \u0161iroce p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy ob\u0159\u00edho dopadu vznikl M\u011bs\u00edc asi p\u0159ed 4,5 miliardami let, kdy\u017e do Zem\u011b narazilo t\u011bleso o velikosti Marsu nazvan\u00e9 Theia. Simulace a anal\u00fdzy m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch hornin nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee M\u011bs\u00edc je prim\u00e1rn\u011b slo\u017een z materi\u00e1lu z pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b Theie, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed jako zemsk\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165.<\/p>\n\n
Planety v\u0161ak maj\u00ed obvykle odli\u0161n\u00e9 chemick\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed. Pokud se Theia vytvo\u0159ila daleko od Zem\u011b, jej\u00ed slo\u017een\u00ed m\u011blo b\u00fdt jin\u00e9 a slo\u017een\u00ed M\u011bs\u00edce by se nem\u011blo podobat zemsk\u00e9mu pl\u00e1\u0161ti.<\/p>\n\n
Jedn\u00edm z prvk\u016f, kter\u00fd komplikuje p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vzniku M\u011bs\u00edce, je wolfram. Wolfram je prvek miluj\u00edc\u00ed \u017eelezo, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 tendenci klesat sm\u011brem k j\u00e1dr\u016fm planet. M\u011bs\u00edc a Zem\u011b by proto m\u011bly m\u00edt velmi rozd\u00edln\u00e1 mno\u017estv\u00ed wolframu, proto\u017ee wolframem bohat\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 Theie by byl za\u010dlen\u011bn do M\u011bs\u00edce b\u011bhem n\u00e1razu.<\/p>\n\n
Dv\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 studie zkoumaly pom\u011br dvou izotop\u016f wolframu v m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edch hornin\u00e1ch a vzorc\u00edch ze Zem\u011b. Zjistily, \u017ee m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed horniny maj\u00ed o n\u011bco v\u00edce wolframu-182 ne\u017e Zem\u011b, co\u017e je zaj\u00edmav\u00fd n\u00e1lez, proto\u017ee wolfram-182 vznik\u00e1 radioaktivn\u00edm rozpadem hafnia-182, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 kr\u00e1tk\u00fd polo\u010das rozpadu.<\/p>\n\n
Nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed z\u00e1hady wolframu je hypot\u00e9za pozdn\u00ed d\u00fdhy. Tato hypot\u00e9za nazna\u010duje, \u017ee Zem\u011b a proto-M\u011bs\u00edc m\u011bly zpo\u010d\u00e1tku podobn\u00e9 pom\u011bry izotop\u016f wolframu. Zem\u011b v\u0161ak, proto\u017ee je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a hmotn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, i nad\u00e1le p\u0159itahovala planetesim\u00e1ly po n\u00e1razu a p\u0159id\u00e1vala nov\u00fd materi\u00e1l do sv\u00e9ho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b. Tato pozdn\u00ed d\u00fdha by m\u011bla v\u00edce wolframu-184 ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s wolframem-182, zat\u00edmco M\u011bs\u00edc by si zachoval pom\u011br z doby n\u00e1razu.<\/p>\n\n
Hypot\u00e9zu pozdn\u00ed d\u00fdhy podporuje fakt, \u017ee Zem\u011b m\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9m pl\u00e1\u0161ti v\u00edce siderofiln\u00edch prvk\u016f (prvk\u016f, kter\u00e9 miluj\u00ed \u017eelezo), ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo. Tyto prvky m\u011bly klesnout do j\u00e1dra, ale musely b\u00fdt dopraveny na Zemi po vytvo\u0159en\u00ed j\u00e1dra n\u00e1razy meteorit\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Aby proto-M\u011bs\u00edc odpov\u00eddal pom\u011bru wolframu na Zemi, musely Theia a Zem\u011b za\u010d\u00edt s velmi podobn\u00fdm v\u00fdskytem wolframu. Vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u00e9to h\u00e1danky bude vy\u017eadovat dal\u0161\u00ed planet\u00e1rn\u00ed studie, ale p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh p\u016fvodu M\u011bs\u00edce se st\u00e1v\u00e1 jasn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n
Simulace uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, \u017ee k velk\u00fdm n\u00e1raz\u016fm dojde mezi t\u011blesy, kter\u00e1 se vytvo\u0159ila bl\u00edzko sebe, a proto maj\u00ed podobn\u00e9 slo\u017een\u00ed. To podporuje my\u0161lenku, \u017ee Theia vznikla relativn\u011b bl\u00edzko Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Planetesim\u00e1ly pokra\u010dovaly v bombardov\u00e1n\u00ed mlad\u00e9 slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy i po vzniku M\u011bs\u00edce. Zem\u011b zachytila v\u00edce tohoto materi\u00e1lu pozdn\u00ed d\u00fdhy ne\u017e M\u011bs\u00edc, co\u017e d\u00e1le p\u0159isp\u011blo k rozd\u00edl\u016fm v jejich slo\u017een\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
P\u016fvod M\u011bs\u00edce a z\u00e1hada wolframu Vznik M\u011bs\u00edce Podle \u0161iroce p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy ob\u0159\u00edho dopadu vznikl M\u011bs\u00edc asi p\u0159ed 4,5 miliardami let, kdy\u017e do Zem\u011b narazilo t\u011bleso o velikosti Marsu nazvan\u00e9 Theia.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[437],"tags":[21113,20512,19009,19008,896,21115,1446,21116,1173,21114,2716],"class_list":["post-15898","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronomy","tag-impact","tag-isotopes","tag-core","tag-mantle","tag-moon","tag-planetesimals","tag-planets","tag-late-veneer","tag-solar-system","tag-tungsten","tag-earth"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15898","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15898"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15899,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15898\/revisions\/15899"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}