Vydra 841, p\u011btilet\u00e1 samice kalifornsk\u00e9 vydry mo\u0159sk\u00e9, se stala tituln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou leto\u0161n\u00edho l\u00e9ta kv\u016fli sv\u00e9mu neobvykl\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy kradla surfy a neboj\u00e1cn\u011b se bl\u00ed\u017eila lidem u pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Santa Cruz v Kalifornii. \u00da\u0159edn\u00edci ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody zpo\u010d\u00e1tku vyj\u00e1d\u0159ili obavy o ve\u0159ejnou bezpe\u010dnost a ozn\u00e1mili pl\u00e1ny na jej\u00ed odchyt a p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed, ale u\u017e m\u011bs\u00edce unik\u00e1 jejich snah\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh 841 m\u00e1 ale nyn\u00ed nov\u00fd zvrat: minul\u00fd t\u00fdden byla spat\u0159ena s ml\u00e1d\u011btem. Podle prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed Ryb\u00ed a divo\u010dinov\u00e9 slu\u017eby Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f (USFWS) je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee byla vydra 841 toto l\u00e9to b\u0159ez\u00ed, co\u017e by mohlo pomoci vysv\u011btlit jej\u00ed neobvykl\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
\u201eJe zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee hormon\u00e1ln\u00ed zm\u011bny souvisej\u00edc\u00ed s t\u011bhotenstv\u00edm zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed agresivn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed u samic ji\u017en\u00edch vydder mo\u0159sk\u00fdch,\u201c uv\u00e1d\u00ed se v prohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee je nyn\u00ed vydra 841 \u010derstvou matkou, ozn\u00e1mili \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody, \u017ee se ji\u017e nebudou pokou\u0161et odchytit ji ani jej\u00ed ml\u00e1d\u011b. Biologov\u00e9 ji m\u00edsto toho budou d\u00e1le sledovat a vyhodnocovat jej\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
\u00da\u0159edn\u00edci ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody tak\u00e9 nad\u00e1le vyz\u00fdvaj\u00ed ve\u0159ejnost, aby poskytla vyd\u0159e 841 \u2013 a v\u0161em mo\u0159sk\u00fdm savc\u016fm \u2013 dostatek prostoru, aby mohli prosperovat. Vydry mo\u0159sk\u00e9 jsou obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b zraniteln\u00e9, kdy\u017e vychov\u00e1vaj\u00ed sv\u00e1 ml\u00e1\u010fata. Krom\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed zodpov\u011bdnosti za p\u00e9\u010di o ml\u00e1\u010fata mus\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd den naj\u00edt a poz\u0159\u00edt a\u017e 30 procent sv\u00e9 t\u011blesn\u00e9 hmotnosti, aby p\u0159e\u017eily. Proto\u017ee vydry nemaj\u00ed tlustou vrstvu tuku jako velryby a tuleni, v\u011bt\u0161inu kalori\u00ed spot\u0159ebuj\u00ed na udr\u017een\u00ed tepla. Aby \u0161et\u0159ily energi\u00ed, \u010dasto plavou na z\u00e1dech, kdy\u017e nehledaj\u00ed potravu.<\/p>\n\n
\u201eKdy\u017e se lid\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed a zp\u016fsob\u00ed vyru\u0161en\u00ed, vydry pl\u00fdtvaj\u00ed energi\u00ed, kdy\u017e odplavou,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Jess Fujii, vedouc\u00ed programu vydry mo\u0159sk\u00e9 v Monterey Bay Aquarium. \u201eKdy\u017e se to d\u011bje opakovan\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee to v\u00e9st k tomu, \u017ee matka nebo ml\u00e1d\u011b nep\u0159e\u017eij\u00ed. Je nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby se lid\u00e9 dr\u017eeli d\u00e1l od v\u0161ech vydder mo\u0159sk\u00fdch, a obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b od t\u011bch s ml\u00e1\u010faty.\u201c<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159ibli\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed se k vydr\u00e1m mo\u0159sk\u00fdm je tak\u00e9 nez\u00e1konn\u00e9. Tato stvo\u0159en\u00ed jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bna st\u00e1tn\u00edmi z\u00e1kony Kalifornie i feder\u00e1ln\u00edm z\u00e1konem o ohro\u017een\u00fdch druz\u00edch a z\u00e1konem o ochran\u011b mo\u0159sk\u00fdch savc\u016f. Poru\u0161ovatel\u016fm hroz\u00ed a\u017e rok v\u011bzen\u00ed a pokuta a\u017e 100 000 USD.<\/p>\n\n
Samice vyder mo\u0159sk\u00fdch obvykle rod\u00ed poprv\u00e9 ve v\u011bku 4 nebo 5 let. Jejich b\u0159ezost trv\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159i a\u017e p\u011bt m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Zat\u00edmco v\u011bt\u0161ina kalifornsk\u00fdch vyder rod\u00ed mezi lednem a b\u0159eznem, mohou se rozmno\u017eovat po cel\u00fd rok.<\/p>\n\n
Ji\u017en\u00ed vydry mo\u0159sk\u00e9, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako kalifornsk\u00e9 vydry mo\u0159sk\u00e9, byly t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 vyhubeny. U pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Kalifornie se jejich po\u010det na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eil a\u017e na pouh\u00fdch 50 jedinc\u016f. Od t\u00e9 doby se sice vzpamatov\u00e1vaj\u00ed, ale jejich populace v posledn\u00edch letech kles\u00e1, mo\u017en\u00e1 kv\u016fli nemocem, \u0159asov\u00fdm kv\u011bt\u016fm nebo \u017eralo\u010d\u00edm kousnut\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n
Vydra 841 se narodila v zajet\u00ed a byla odchov\u00e1na v Monterey Bay Aquarium, ne\u017e byla v roce 2020 vypu\u0161t\u011bna do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody. Je to jej\u00ed t\u0159et\u00ed ml\u00e1d\u011b, i kdy\u017e prvn\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eilo a druh\u00e9 ne.<\/p>\n\n
Nen\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b jasn\u00e9, kdy mohla 841 porodit, ale je\u0161t\u011b 20. \u0159\u00edjna byla vid\u011bna plavat sama. Minul\u00fd t\u00fdden v\u0161ak fotograf Mark Woodward zahl\u00e9dl vedle n\u00ed mal\u00e9 nad\u00fdchan\u00e9 ml\u00e1d\u011b. Matka a ml\u00e1d\u011b si pochutn\u00e1valy na krabech. Woodward dvojici pojmenoval \u201e841+1\u201c.<\/p>\n\n
\u201eUsm\u00edval jsem se a skoro jsem se rozplakal, c\u00edt\u00edm se trochu jako py\u0161n\u00fd tat\u00ednek,\u201c napsal na sv\u016fj \u00fa\u010det na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch Native Santa Cruz. \u201eGratulujeme 841, v\u0161ichni v oblasti 831 m\u00e1me z tebe velkou radost.\u201c<\/p>\n\n
Od t\u00e9 doby Woodwarovy soci\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b \u201evybuchly\u201c a mnoho komentuj\u00edc\u00edch vyjad\u0159uje radost z toho, co se zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt \u0161\u0165astn\u00fdm zakon\u010den\u00edm p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu 841.<\/p>\n\n
\u201eCelou dobu jsem si myslela, \u017ee je b\u0159ez\u00ed,\u201c napsala jedna osoba pod jeho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvek. \u201ePot\u011b\u0161ilo m\u011b, kdy\u017e jsem vid\u011bla, \u017ee unikla odchytu… a m\u016f\u017ee vychov\u00e1vat sv\u00e1 ml\u00e1\u010fata tam, kam pat\u0159\u00ed, ve voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrod\u011b a v z\u00e1toce!\u201c<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Kaliforsk\u00e1 vydra mo\u0159sk\u00e1 se stala tituln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou kv\u016fli neobvykl\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed a nov\u00e9mu ml\u00e1d\u011bti T\u011bhotensk\u00e9 hormony mohou vysv\u011btlit neobvykl\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed Vydra 841, p\u011btilet\u00e1 samice kalifornsk\u00e9 vydry mo\u0159sk\u00e9, se stala tituln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[2094,21191,1298,21192,21190,21189],"class_list":["post-15944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-wildlife-behavior","tag-sea-otter-pup","tag-marine-conservation","tag-pregnancy-hormones","tag-otter-841","tag-california-sea-otter"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15944"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15944\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15945,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15944\/revisions\/15945"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}