{"id":15946,"date":"2024-09-05T17:32:06","date_gmt":"2024-09-05T17:32:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15946"},"modified":"2024-09-05T17:32:06","modified_gmt":"2024-09-05T17:32:06","slug":"swiftlet-nest-farming-delicacy-with-a-dark-side","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/life\/wildlife\/swiftlet-nest-farming-delicacy-with-a-dark-side\/","title":{"rendered":"Pt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edz\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pol\u00e9vka: Kontroverzn\u00ed pochoutka"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edz\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pol\u00e9vka: Kontroverzn\u00ed pochoutka<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edz\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pol\u00e9vka je pochoutka v mnoha asijsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Tato pol\u00e9vka je v\u0161ak vyrobena t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b ze slin sr\u00edpek, mal\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Asii. Sr\u00edpky si stav\u00ed sv\u00e1 hn\u00edzda vysoko na st\u011bn\u00e1ch jeskyn\u00ed a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed sv\u00e9 sliny k jejich slepen\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Hn\u00edzda jsou cen\u011bna pro sv\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 vlastnosti, v\u010detn\u011b zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 dlouhov\u011bkosti a libida. Rostouc\u00ed popt\u00e1vka po hn\u00edzdech sr\u00edpk\u016f v\u0161ak ohro\u017euje schopnost t\u011bchto pt\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nebezpe\u010d\u00ed nadm\u011brn\u00e9ho sb\u011bru<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159i tradi\u010dn\u00edm sb\u011bru \u0161plhaj\u00ed sb\u011bra\u010di po nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch bambusov\u00fdch ty\u010d\u00edch, aby se dostali k hn\u00edzd\u016fm, a se\u0161krab\u00e1vaj\u00ed je ze st\u011bn jeskyn\u011b. Tato praxe je extr\u00e9mn\u011b nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 a vedla k poklesu populac\u00ed sr\u00edpk\u016f v mnoha oblastech.<\/p>\n\n<p>Nadm\u011brn\u00fd sb\u011br p\u0159edstavuje velkou hrozbu pro sr\u00edpky, zejm\u00e9na na ostrovech, kde je chov hn\u00edzd omezen\u00fd. Ve studii proveden\u00e9 na indick\u00fdch Andamansk\u00fdch a Nikobarsk\u00fdch ostrovech poklesly populace sr\u00edpk\u016f o 83 % za pouh\u00fdch 10 let kv\u016fli nadm\u011brn\u00e9mu sb\u011bru.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Chov hn\u00edzd: \u0158e\u0161en\u00ed s nev\u00fdhodami<\/h2>\n\n<p>Chov hn\u00edzd je n\u00edzkotechnologick\u00e1 alternativa k tradi\u010dn\u00edmu sb\u011bru, kter\u00e1 byla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 v Indon\u00e9sii. Zem\u011bd\u011blci stav\u011bj\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 jeskyn\u011b s velk\u00fdmi vchodov\u00fdmi otvory a p\u0159ehr\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u00edsn\u011b sr\u00edpk\u016f, aby p\u0159il\u00e1kali pt\u00e1ky. Mohou tak\u00e9 p\u0159id\u00e1vat atraktanty hmyzu a v\u016fn\u011b, aby jeskyn\u011b byly l\u00e1kav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>Chov hn\u00edzd zv\u00fd\u0161il produkci hn\u00edzd sr\u00edpk\u016f, ale m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 sv\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody. Zem\u011bd\u011blci obvykle umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed pozdn\u011b hn\u00edzd\u00edc\u00edm sr\u00edpk\u016fm vychov\u00e1vat ml\u00e1\u010fata, ale mohou tak\u00e9 v zajet\u00ed chovat s\u0159\u00edpky v hn\u00edzdech jin\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f, aby udr\u017eeli jejich po\u010det. Tato praxe st\u00e1le zahrnuje ni\u010den\u00ed hn\u00edzd, a\u010dkoliv \u0161kody jsou vyv\u00e1\u017eeny zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostmi k hn\u00edzd\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 farmy poskytuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budoucnost chovu sr\u00edpk\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Budoucnost chovu sr\u00edpk\u016f je nejist\u00e1. Vysok\u00e9 ceny hn\u00edzd sr\u00edpk\u016f povzbuzuj\u00ed sb\u011bra\u010de divok\u00fdch hn\u00edzd, aby zdvojn\u00e1sobili sv\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed, co\u017e vyv\u00edj\u00ed tlak na divok\u00e9 populace. Chov hn\u00edzd byl v\u0161ak \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd v Indon\u00e9sii a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jedinou \u0161anc\u00ed pro sr\u00edpky, jak p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt z dlouhodob\u00e9ho hlediska.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 snahy<\/h2>\n\n<p>N\u00e1rodn\u00ed parky v Indii, Thajsku a dal\u0161\u00edch zem\u00edch obvykle zakazuj\u00ed sb\u011br divok\u00fdch hn\u00edzd. Omezen\u00ed v\u0161ak dosud nebyla p\u0159ijata v komplexn\u00edm mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku. Sr\u00edpci nejsou v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b uvedeni jako ohro\u017een\u00ed \u00famluvou CITES nebo Mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed uni\u00ed pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody, ale jejich populace v mnoha oblastech kles\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n<p>Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed spolupr\u00e1ce, aby se zajistil udr\u017eiteln\u00fd sb\u011br hn\u00edzd s\u0159\u00edpk\u016f a ochrana divok\u00fdch populac\u00ed sr\u00edpk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00favahy<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hn\u00edzda sr\u00edpk\u016f se mohou prod\u00e1vat za v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 200 dolar\u016f za libru, co\u017e podporuje multimilionov\u00fd obchod.<\/li>\n<li>Chov hn\u00edzd zv\u00fd\u0161il nab\u00eddku a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ohrozil n\u011bkter\u00e9 divok\u00e9 populace.<\/li>\n<li>Indon\u00e9sk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da podporuje chov hn\u00edzd jako jedinou \u0161anci sr\u00edpk\u016f na p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Sr\u00edpci nejsou invazivn\u00ed druh a hraj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou roli v ekosyst\u00e9mu.<\/li>\n<li>Chovan\u00ed sr\u00edpci nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt tak zdrav\u00ed jako divoc\u00ed sr\u00edpci a mohou b\u00fdt n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k nemocem.<\/li>\n<li>O\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 se, \u017ee popt\u00e1vka po pt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edzdov\u00e9 pol\u00e9vce bude nad\u00e1le r\u016fst, co\u017e vyvine dal\u0161\u00ed tlak na populace sr\u00edpk\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edz\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pol\u00e9vka: Kontroverzn\u00ed pochoutka Pt\u00e1\u010d\u00ed hn\u00edz\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f pol\u00e9vka je pochoutka v mnoha asijsk\u00fdch zem\u00edch, zejm\u00e9na v \u010c\u00edn\u011b. Tato pol\u00e9vka je v\u0161ak vyrobena t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b ze slin sr\u00edpek, mal\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f \u017eij\u00edc\u00edch&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24250,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[949],"tags":[21194,401,21195,21193,120],"class_list":["post-15946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-wildlife","tag-birds-nest-soup","tag-conservation","tag-overharvesting","tag-swiftlet-nest-farming","tag-sustainability"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15946","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15946"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15946\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24251,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15946\/revisions\/24251"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24250"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15946"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15946"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15946"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}