{"id":15987,"date":"2019-11-12T23:03:56","date_gmt":"2019-11-12T23:03:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=15987"},"modified":"2019-11-12T23:03:56","modified_gmt":"2019-11-12T23:03:56","slug":"silent-reading-unveiling-the-inner-voice","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/cognitive-science\/silent-reading-unveiling-the-inner-voice\/","title":{"rendered":"Tich\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed: Odhalte tajemstv\u00ed sv\u00e9ho vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tich\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed: Odhalen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed na\u0161eho vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00fdtus tich\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed nen\u00ed tich\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed zcela tich\u00e9. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee kdy\u017e \u010dteme, zapojuje n\u00e1\u0161 mozek komplexn\u00ed souhru senzorick\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f, a to i v nep\u0159\u00edtomnosti sly\u0161iteln\u00e9ho zvuku.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sluchov\u00e1 slo\u017eka<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159i tich\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed sice nevyd\u00e1v\u00e1me \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 sly\u0161iteln\u00e9 zvuky, ale n\u00e1\u0161 mozek se aktivn\u011b pod\u00edl\u00ed na zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed psan\u00fdch slov, jako by byla vyslovov\u00e1na nahlas. Tuto sluchovou slo\u017eku tich\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed podporuj\u00ed studie zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed jedince s elektrodami implantovan\u00fdmi v hlav\u011b. Tyto elektrody odhalily, \u017ee \u010d\u00e1st mozku zodpov\u011bdn\u00e1 za zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di reaguje b\u011bhem tich\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed tak\u00e9 na psan\u00e1 slova.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vnit\u0159n\u00ed hlas<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159\u00edtomnost t\u00e9to sluchov\u00e9 slo\u017eky nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v\u0161ichni m\u00e1me \u201evnit\u0159n\u00ed hlas\u201c, kter\u00fd n\u00e1m ti\u0161e \u010dte. Tento vnit\u0159n\u00ed hlas nen\u00ed v\u011bdomou volbou, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e automatick\u00fdm procesem, kter\u00fd pom\u00e1h\u00e1 porozum\u011bn\u00ed. Umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1m spojit vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed symboly na str\u00e1nce se zvuky a v\u00fdznamy, kter\u00e9 p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhody vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee subvokalizace neboli pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu p\u0159i tich\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fdhody. M\u016f\u017ee:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zlep\u0161it porozum\u011bn\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na u slo\u017eit\u00fdch nebo nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch text\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Zlep\u0161it pam\u011b\u0165 a vybaven\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Usnadnit plynulost a rychlost \u010dten\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Pomoci s v\u00fdslovnost\u00ed a roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm slovn\u00ed z\u00e1soby<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Minimalizace subvokalizace<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco subvokalizace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, nadm\u011brn\u00e1 subvokalizace m\u016f\u017ee zpomalit rychlost \u010dten\u00ed a br\u00e1nit porozum\u011bn\u00ed. Strategie pro minimalizaci subvokalizace zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cvi\u010den\u00ed rychl\u00e9 s\u00e9riov\u00e9 vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed prezentace (RSVP), kter\u00e9 nut\u00ed o\u010di soust\u0159edit se na slova, ani\u017e by umo\u017enilo \u010das na subvokalizaci<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ukazov\u00e1tk\u016f nebo prav\u00edtka k veden\u00ed o\u010d\u00ed po str\u00e1nce<\/li>\n<li>Poslech hudby nebo b\u00edl\u00e9ho \u0161umu k zablokov\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed \u0159e\u010di<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Implikace pro v\u00fduku \u010dten\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Objev vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu p\u0159i tich\u00e9m \u010dten\u00ed m\u00e1 d\u016fsledky pro v\u00fduku \u010dten\u00ed. Nazna\u010duje to, \u017ee:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>V\u00fduka \u010dten\u00ed by m\u011bla zahrnovat \u010dinnosti, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed subvokalizaci u za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edch \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Cvi\u010den\u00ed na budov\u00e1n\u00ed plynulosti mohou pomoci sn\u00ed\u017eit nadm\u011brnou subvokalizaci u zdatn\u00fdch \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Technologiemi podporovan\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro \u010dten\u00ed mohou podporovat studenty s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi styly a preferencemi u\u010den\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tich\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed je slo\u017eit\u00fd kognitivn\u00ed proces, kter\u00fd zahrnuje jak sluchov\u00e9, tak vizu\u00e1ln\u00ed syst\u00e9my. P\u0159\u00edtomnost vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu b\u011bhem tich\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 porozum\u011bn\u00ed a plynulosti. Zat\u00edmco subvokalizace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt prosp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, nadm\u011brn\u00e1 subvokalizace m\u016f\u017ee br\u00e1nit efektivit\u011b \u010dten\u00ed. Pochopen\u00ed role vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu m\u016f\u017ee informovat v\u00fduku \u010dten\u00ed a podporovat \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e v\u0161ech \u00farovn\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tich\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed: Odhalen\u00ed tajemstv\u00ed na\u0161eho vnit\u0159n\u00edho hlasu M\u00fdtus tich\u00e9ho \u010dten\u00ed Na rozd\u00edl od v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed nen\u00ed tich\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed zcela tich\u00e9. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zjistili, \u017ee kdy\u017e \u010dteme, zapojuje n\u00e1\u0161 mozek komplexn\u00ed souhru&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1222],"tags":[2508,1579,21245,21243,21244],"class_list":["post-15987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cognitive-science","tag-cognitive-science","tag-neuroscience","tag-comprehension","tag-silent-reading","tag-inner-voice"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15987"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15987\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15988,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15987\/revisions\/15988"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}