{"id":16053,"date":"2019-01-09T09:29:43","date_gmt":"2019-01-09T09:29:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16053"},"modified":"2019-01-09T09:29:43","modified_gmt":"2019-01-09T09:29:43","slug":"robben-island-apartheid-freedom-symbol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/robben-island-apartheid-freedom-symbol\/","title":{"rendered":"Robben Island: Dojemn\u00fd a inspirativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o apartheidu a svobod\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Robben Island: D\u011bsiv\u00e9 a inspirativn\u00ed symbol apartheidu a svobody<\/h2>\n\n

Robben Island: Historick\u00fd p\u0159ehled<\/h2>\n\n

Robben Island, pust\u00fd skaln\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eek le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed p\u011bt mil od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Kapsk\u00e9ho M\u011bsta v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o hr\u016fz\u00e1ch a triumfech \u00e9ry apartheidu. P\u016fvodn\u011b byl vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n jako politick\u00e9 v\u011bzen\u00ed v polovin\u011b 16. stolet\u00ed, ostrov byl \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011bm otrok\u016f, trestanc\u016f a domorod\u00fdch Khoikhoi\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed kladli odpor koloni\u00e1ln\u00ed nadvl\u00e1d\u011b. V roce 1846 se stal koloni\u00ed malomocn\u00fdch a od roku 1961 do roku 1991 slou\u017eil jako v\u011bznice s maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed ostrahou pro antiapartheidn\u00ed aktivisty.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00e1pencov\u00fd lom, kter\u00fd se stal univerzitou<\/h2>\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejemotivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst na Robben Island je v\u00e1pencov\u00fd lom, kde byli politi\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bzni, v\u010detn\u011b Nelsona Mandely, nuceni pracovat. Navzdory drsn\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m a nemilosrdn\u00e9mu slunci tito v\u011bzni vyu\u017eili sv\u016fj \u010das v lomu k intelektu\u00e1ln\u00edm aktivit\u00e1m. Vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se u\u010dili literaturu, filozofii a politickou teorii a prom\u011bnili tak pustou krajinu ve “velkou univerzitu sv\u011bta”.<\/p>\n\n

Mandelova cela: Symbol odolnosti<\/h2>\n\n

Nelson Mandela byl po dobu 18 let v\u011bzn\u011bn v p\u0159epln\u011bn\u00e9 cele o rozm\u011brech 2,1 x 2,7 metru na Robben Island. Navzdory fyzick\u00e9mu a psychick\u00e9mu utrpen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 sn\u00e1\u0161el, Mandelova neochv\u011bjn\u00e1 v\u016fle z\u016fstala nezlomen\u00e1. Jeho cela, nyn\u00ed muzejn\u00ed expon\u00e1t, je sv\u011bdectv\u00edm jeho odolnosti a nezdoln\u00e9ho lidsk\u00e9ho ducha.<\/p>\n\n

Prom\u011bna Robben Island<\/h2>\n\n

V roce 1997, t\u0159i roky po p\u00e1du apartheidu, byl Robben Island p\u0159em\u011bn\u011bn na muzeum. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edci si nyn\u00ed mohou prohl\u00e9dnout ostrov, nav\u0161t\u00edvit v\u011bzen\u00ed a dozv\u011bd\u011bt se o boj\u00edch a triumfech antiapartheidn\u00edho hnut\u00ed. Muzeum slou\u017e\u00ed jako siln\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00ednka hr\u016fz rasov\u00e9 diskriminace a odolnosti t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed proti n\u00ed bojovali.<\/p>\n\n

Ponau\u010den\u00ed z Robben Island<\/h2>\n\n

Robben Island nab\u00edz\u00ed neoceniteln\u00e9 ponau\u010den\u00ed o odvaze, vytrvalosti a d\u016fle\u017eitosti odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. B\u00fdval\u00ed v\u011bzni, kte\u0159\u00ed \u010dasto p\u016fsob\u00ed jako pr\u016fvodci, sd\u00edlej\u00ed sv\u00e9 osobn\u00ed zku\u0161enosti s aparthaidem a ponau\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fdmi se nau\u010dili o lidskosti a usm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00edla odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Jedn\u00edm z nejhlub\u0161\u00edch ponau\u010den\u00ed z Robben Island je v\u00fdznam odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Jak Nelson Mandela u\u010dil sv\u00e9 spoluv\u011bzn\u011b, pomsta jen prodlu\u017euje n\u00e1sil\u00ed. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm odpu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed se obyvatel\u016fm Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky poda\u0159ilo prolomit cyklus nen\u00e1visti a vybudovat spravedliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a rovnopr\u00e1vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed spole\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n

Robben Island: Destinace, kterou nesm\u00edte minout<\/h2>\n\n

Pro ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, kdo se zaj\u00edm\u00e1 o historii Ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky a celosv\u011btov\u00fd boj za lidsk\u00e1 pr\u00e1va, je Robben Island destinac\u00ed, kterou nesm\u00edte minout. Je to m\u00edsto, kde jsou odhaleny hr\u016fzy minulosti, ale kde prosv\u00edt\u00e1 s\u00edla lidsk\u00e9ho ducha p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat protivenstv\u00ed a budovat lep\u0161\u00ed budoucnost.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Robben Island: D\u011bsiv\u00e9 a inspirativn\u00ed symbol apartheidu a svobody Robben Island: Historick\u00fd p\u0159ehled Robben Island, pust\u00fd skaln\u00ed v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eek le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed p\u011bt mil od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Kapsk\u00e9ho M\u011bsta v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe, sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[7043,27,3063,69,3061,21324,3065,21323],"class_list":["post-16053","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-apartheid","tag-history","tag-south-africa","tag-human-rights","tag-nelson-mandela","tag-robben-island","tag-freedom","tag-prison"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16053","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16053"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16053\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16054,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16053\/revisions\/16054"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16053"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16053"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16053"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}