{"id":16090,"date":"2023-11-21T22:15:41","date_gmt":"2023-11-21T22:15:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16090"},"modified":"2023-11-21T22:15:41","modified_gmt":"2023-11-21T22:15:41","slug":"guy-gugliotta-on-the-great-human-migration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/anthropology\/guy-gugliotta-on-the-great-human-migration\/","title":{"rendered":"Guy Gugliotta o velk\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 migraci: P\u0159ekvapiv\u00e1 odhalen\u00ed a nevy\u0159e\u0161en\u00e9 h\u00e1danky"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Guy Gugliotta o &#8220;Velk\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 migraci&#8221;<\/h2>\n\n<p>Guy Gugliotta je nez\u00e1visl\u00fd v\u011bdeck\u00fd spisovatel, kter\u00fd psal pro presti\u017en\u00ed publikace jako Washington Post, New York Times, National Geographic, Wired a Discover. Je tak\u00e9 pravideln\u00fdm p\u0159isp\u011bvatelem do Smithsonian, pro kter\u00fd napsal &#8220;Velkou lidskou migraci&#8221;.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lidsk\u00e1 evoluce a anal\u00fdza DNA<\/h3>\n\n<p>Gugliotta p\u00ed\u0161e o lidsk\u00e9 evoluci t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 deset let a stal se sv\u011bdkem rychl\u00e9ho pokroku v t\u00e9to oblasti, do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry d\u00edky revolu\u010dn\u00edmu dopadu anal\u00fdzy DNA.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;Tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh byla skv\u011bl\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost pokusit se d\u00e1t v\u0161echno dohromady,&#8221; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Gugliotta. &#8220;Archeologick\u00e9 z\u00e1znamy, lidsk\u00e9 fosiln\u00ed ostatky a anal\u00fdza DNA nab\u00edzej\u00ed dostatek informac\u00ed, abychom na\u010drtli mnohem podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed obr\u00e1zek, ne\u017e jsem si p\u0159edstavoval.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzkum a zpravodajstv\u00ed o &#8220;Velk\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 migraci&#8221;<\/h3>\n\n<p>Aby mohl prozkoumat a podat zpr\u00e1vu o &#8220;Velk\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 migraci&#8221;, pono\u0159il se Gugliotta do v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed, studoval anal\u00fdzy DNA a hledal reprezentativn\u00ed m\u00edsta, kter\u00e1 by mohla p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh ilustrovat. Jeskyn\u011b Blombos v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe, s jej\u00edm mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdm objevem dokumentuj\u00edc\u00edm modern\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed, se stala \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm bodem jeho v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159ekvapen\u00ed a voln\u00e9 konce<\/h3>\n\n<p>Gugliotta byl p\u0159ekvapen mno\u017estv\u00edm informac\u00ed dostupn\u00fdch z archeologick\u00fdch, fosiln\u00edch a d\u016fkaz\u016f DNA. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b identifikoval tak\u00e9 n\u011bkter\u00e9 neobvykl\u00e9 voln\u00e9 konce.<\/p>\n\n<p>&#8220;Jsem skeptick\u00fd k interpretaci uveden\u00e9 v p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu z Kafzehu,&#8221; \u0159\u00edk\u00e1. &#8220;A mysl\u00edm, \u017ee D\u017ev\u00e1lapuram v Indii by mohl b\u00fdt mnohem d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edstem, ne\u017e se zd\u00e1.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nezodpov\u011bzen\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/h3>\n\n<p>Gugliotta zd\u016fraz\u0148uje n\u011bkolik z\u00e1sadn\u00edch ot\u00e1zek, kter\u00e9 z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed nezodpov\u011bzeny:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Jsou hobiti patologi\u010dt\u00ed Homo Sapiens, nebo samostatn\u00fd druh?<\/li>\n<li>Co se stalo s neandert\u00e1lci: byli vyhlazeni, vym\u0159eli, nebo byli asimilov\u00e1ni sv\u00fdmi modern\u00edmi n\u00e1sledovn\u00edky?<\/li>\n<li>Pro\u010d existuje tak m\u00e1lo modern\u00edch lidsk\u00fdch ostatk\u016f z obdob\u00ed mezi 20 000 a 150 000 lety?<\/li>\n<li>Pro\u010d neexistuj\u00ed v Evrop\u011b \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 modern\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 ostatky spojen\u00e9 s modern\u00edmi lidsk\u00fdmi artefakty z doby p\u0159ed 20 000 lety?<\/li>\n<li>Kdy a jak se modern\u00ed lid\u00e9 usadili v Nov\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ran\u00e1 lidsk\u00e1 migrace do Ameriky<\/h3>\n\n<p>Gugliotta pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1 o d\u016fkazech ran\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 migrace do Ameriky, v\u010detn\u011b autenticity lokality Monte Verde v Chile, kter\u00e1 se datuje 14 000 let zp\u011bt. Zmi\u0148uje se tak\u00e9 o mo\u017enosti, \u017ee lidsk\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost v Americe m\u016f\u017ee sahat je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1le do minulosti.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n\n<p>Gugliott\u016fv \u010dl\u00e1nek poskytuje komplexn\u00ed p\u0159ehled o sou\u010dasn\u00e9m stavu znalost\u00ed o lidsk\u00e9 evoluci a migraci. P\u0159esto\u017ee mnoho ot\u00e1zek z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 nezodpov\u011bzeno, pokroky v anal\u00fdze DNA a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch metod vrhaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161eho p\u016fvodu a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Guy Gugliotta o &#8220;Velk\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 migraci&#8221; Guy Gugliotta je nez\u00e1visl\u00fd v\u011bdeck\u00fd spisovatel, kter\u00fd psal pro presti\u017en\u00ed publikace jako Washington Post, New York Times, National Geographic, Wired a Discover. Je tak\u00e9&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1022],"tags":[88,188,487,186,137],"class_list":["post-16090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anthropology","tag-archaeology","tag-genetics","tag-human-evolution","tag-migration","tag-paleontology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16090","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16090"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16090\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16091,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16090\/revisions\/16091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}