{"id":16205,"date":"2019-11-18T05:33:09","date_gmt":"2019-11-18T05:33:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16205"},"modified":"2019-11-18T05:33:09","modified_gmt":"2019-11-18T05:33:09","slug":"desert-tortoises-threatened-innovative-conservation-approaches","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/ecology\/desert-tortoises-threatened-innovative-conservation-approaches\/","title":{"rendered":"Pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy v ohro\u017een\u00ed: Havrani a lidsk\u00e9 aktivity p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hrozbu"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy v ohro\u017een\u00ed: Havrani a lidsk\u00e9 aktivity p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hrozbu<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 situace pou\u0161tn\u00edch \u017eelv<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy, kter\u00e9 kdysi hojn\u011b \u017eily v Mohavsk\u00e9 pou\u0161ti, \u010del\u00ed strm\u00e9mu poklesu populace kv\u016fli cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b hrozeb souvisej\u00edc\u00edch s lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ter\u00e9nn\u00edch vozidel, neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed obchod se zv\u00ed\u0159aty a respira\u010dn\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159isp\u011bly k jejich ub\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edm po\u010dt\u016fm. Nejnal\u00e9hav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hrozbou pro pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy je dnes v\u0161ak \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed havran\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<p>Havrani, vysoce inteligentn\u00ed a p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00ed pred\u00e1to\u0159i, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zranitelnosti ml\u00e1\u010fat pou\u0161tn\u00edch \u017eelv, jejich\u017e tenk\u00e9 krun\u00fd\u0159e poskytuj\u00ed malou ochranu. V d\u016fsledku toho populace \u017eelv prudce klesly a v posledn\u00edm stolet\u00ed do\u0161lo k odhadovan\u00e9mu 90% poklesu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nov\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup k ochran\u011b p\u0159\u00edrody: Aktivn\u00ed ekologick\u00e1 intervence<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u00ed ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 metody, jako je monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed, obnova stanovi\u0161\u0165 a p\u0159es\u00eddlen\u00ed, se uk\u00e1zaly jako nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 k ochran\u011b pou\u0161tn\u00edch \u017eelv p\u0159ed havrany. Tim Shields, biolog zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se divokou zv\u011b\u0159\u00ed z \u00da\u0159adu pro spr\u00e1vu p\u016fdy a Geologick\u00e9ho pr\u016fzkumu USA, uznal pot\u0159ebu inovativn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho p\u0159\u00edstupu a zalo\u017eil Hardshell Labs.<\/p>\n\n<p>Hardshell Labs vyvinuly \u0159adu nelet\u00e1ln\u00edch obrann\u00fdch technologi\u00ed zam\u011b\u0159en\u00fdch na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed bezpe\u010dn\u00fdch z\u00f3n pro ml\u00e1\u010fata \u017eelv. Mezi tyto technologie pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>3D ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 n\u00e1vnady na ml\u00e1\u010fata \u017eelv:<\/strong> Tyto n\u00e1vnady vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed dr\u00e1\u017ediv\u00e9 l\u00e1tky odvozen\u00e9 z koncentr\u00e1tu hroznov\u00e9 \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 odrazuj\u00ed havrany od shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti hn\u00edzd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Laserov\u00e9 pistole:<\/strong> Namontovan\u00e9 na voz\u00edtk\u00e1ch nebo ru\u010dn\u00ed, tyto lasery vyd\u00e1vaj\u00ed zelen\u00e9 sv\u011btlo, kter\u00e9 je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b citliv\u00e9 na o\u010di havran\u016f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zapojen\u00ed ve\u0159ejnosti: Ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody jako videohra v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b<\/h2>\n\n<p>Laborato\u0159e Hardshell si uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed v\u00fdzvy spojen\u00e9 se zapojen\u00edm ve\u0159ejnosti do ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed a pracuj\u00ed na tom, aby tento proces u\u010dinily z\u00e1bavn\u00fdm. Jejich c\u00edlem je vyu\u017e\u00edt teorii toku, kter\u00e1 p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1, \u017ee se lid\u00e9 pono\u0159\u00ed do aktivit, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed pocit v\u00fdzvy a napln\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<p>T\u00fdm douf\u00e1, \u017ee vyvine videohru, kter\u00e1 umo\u017en\u00ed hr\u00e1\u010d\u016fm d\u00e1lkov\u011b ovl\u00e1dat techno-\u017eelvy, lasery a voz\u00edtka, aby chr\u00e1nili pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy. D\u00edky tomu, \u017ee se ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody stane hrou, doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159il\u00e1kaj\u00ed \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed publikum a podpo\u0159\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitosti ochrany t\u011bchto plaz\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed dosahu nelet\u00e1ln\u00edch obrann\u00fdch technologi\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Principy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k ochran\u011b pou\u0161tn\u00edch \u017eelv p\u0159ed havrany by mohly b\u00fdt aplikov\u00e1ny na jin\u00e9 ekosyst\u00e9my a invazivn\u00ed druhy. Nap\u0159\u00edklad 3D ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00e1 vejce vybaven\u00e1 repelenty by mohla b\u00fdt pou\u017eita k odrazen\u00ed havran\u016f od lovu ohro\u017een\u00fdch vajec tet\u0159ev\u016f pr\u00e9rijn\u00edch. Ponorky ovl\u00e1dan\u00e9 na d\u00e1lku hr\u00e1\u010di by mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity k odchytu invazivn\u00edch druh\u016f ve vodn\u00edch toc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role digit\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f v ochran\u011b p\u0159\u00edrody<\/h2>\n\n<p>Shields sice uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 ironii pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f k obran\u011b p\u0159\u00edrody, ale v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee tyto technologie mohou v ochran\u011b p\u0159\u00edrody hr\u00e1t cennou roli. Mohou umo\u017enit vzd\u00e1lenou \u00fa\u010dast, co\u017e lidem ze v\u0161ech prost\u0159ed\u00ed umo\u017en\u00ed p\u0159isp\u00edvat k ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed. Virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed realita nav\u00edc m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout pohlcuj\u00edc\u00ed z\u00e1\u017eitky, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed hlub\u0161\u00ed ocen\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n<p>Shields\u016fv kone\u010dn\u00fdm c\u00edlem je inspirovat lidi, aby se zamilovali do planety a podnikli kroky k jej\u00ed ochran\u011b, a to jak online, tak offline.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy v ohro\u017een\u00ed: Havrani a lidsk\u00e9 aktivity p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed hrozbu T\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 situace pou\u0161tn\u00edch \u017eelv Pou\u0161tn\u00ed \u017eelvy, kter\u00e9 kdysi hojn\u011b \u017eily v Mohavsk\u00e9 pou\u0161ti, \u010del\u00ed strm\u00e9mu poklesu populace kv\u016fli cel\u00e9 \u0159ad\u011b&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[590],"tags":[20364,21490,401,21488,21489],"class_list":["post-16205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology","tag-gamification","tag-non-lethal-defense","tag-conservation","tag-desert-tortoise","tag-raven"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16205","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16205"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16205\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16206,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16205\/revisions\/16206"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16205"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16205"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16205"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}