Osudn\u00e9ho dne p\u0159ed 66 miliony let narazil do Zem\u011b asteroid o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce p\u0159es \u0161est mil, kter\u00fd po sob\u011b zanechal na na\u0161\u00ed planet\u011b obrovskou jizvu. N\u00e1raz vytvo\u0159il Chicxulubsk\u00fd kr\u00e1ter, poh\u0159ben\u00fd kr\u00e1ter o pr\u016fm\u011bru p\u0159es 90 mil pod poloostrovem Yucat\u00e1n a Mexick\u00fdm z\u00e1livem. Tato katastrofick\u00e1 ud\u00e1lost spustila kask\u00e1du p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edch katastrof, kter\u00e9 nakonec vedly k vyhynut\u00ed dinosaur\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
D\u00edky vrtn\u00fdm vzork\u016fm odebran\u00fdm z okraje vrcholu kr\u00e1teru v\u011bdci zrekonstruovali podrobnou \u010dasovou osu ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se odehr\u00e1ly prvn\u00ed den po dopadu. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika minut se zhroutila okoln\u00ed hornina a vytvo\u0159ila kr\u00e1ter a jeho okraj. \u017d\u00e1r v\u00fdbuchu roztavil p\u0159es 70 stop horniny, kter\u00e1 pokr\u00fdvala okraj kr\u00e1teru.<\/p>\n\n
Kdy\u017e se mo\u0159e valilo do nov\u011b vznikl\u00e9ho kr\u00e1teru, strhlo s sebou p\u0159es 260 stop roztaven\u00e9 horniny. N\u00e1sledn\u00e9 tsunami p\u0159idalo dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvu sedimentu v\u010detn\u011b \u0161t\u011brku, p\u00edsku a d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9ho uhl\u00ed z vyp\u00e1len\u00fdch les\u016f, kter\u00e9 vlny uhasily.<\/p>\n\n
Dopad asteroidu uvolnil do atmosf\u00e9ry obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed s\u00edry a vytvo\u0159il mlhu sulf\u00e1tov\u00e9ho aerosolu, kter\u00e1 blokovala slune\u010dn\u00ed sv\u011btlo a zp\u016fsobila glob\u00e1ln\u00ed stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Geologov\u00e9 se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee tato atmosf\u00e9rick\u00e1 porucha v\u00fdrazn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bla k hromadn\u00e9mu vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovalo, proto\u017ee teploty prudce klesly a fotosynt\u00e9za byla potla\u010dena.<\/p>\n\n
J\u00e1dra z Chicxulubsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1teru poskytuj\u00ed neoceniteln\u00e9 d\u016fkazy o celosv\u011btov\u00e9 devastaci zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 dopadem asteroidu. Odhaluj\u00ed na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, jako je vytvo\u0159en\u00ed okraje vrcholu kr\u00e1teru, tsunami a ukl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sediment\u016f z lesn\u00edch po\u017e\u00e1r\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Zat\u00edmco chicxulubsk\u00e1 j\u00e1dra poskytuj\u00ed pohled do bezprost\u0159edn\u00edch n\u00e1sledk\u016f dopadu, interpretace z\u00e1znamu hornin je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed ud\u00e1losti v pr\u016fb\u011bhu \u010dasu z\u00e1znam zm\u011bnily. Tato j\u00e1dra v\u0161ak poskytuj\u00ed jedine\u010dnou p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitost ke studiu kr\u00e1tkodob\u00fdch geologick\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed v neb\u00fdval\u00fdch detailech.<\/p>\n\n
Na\u010dasov\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1va\u017enost ud\u00e1lost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1sledovaly po dopadu asteroidu, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b vyvolaj\u00ed pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed debatu mezi v\u011bdci. Studiem Chicxulubsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1teru mohou v\u011bdci z\u00edskat lep\u0161\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed mechanism\u016f hromadn\u00fdch vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f budouc\u00edch dopad\u016f asteroid\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Dopad asteroidu nejen vyhubil dinosaury, ale m\u011bl tak\u00e9 dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro klima a ekosyst\u00e9my Zem\u011b. Glob\u00e1ln\u00ed stm\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 mlhou sulf\u00e1tov\u00e9ho aerosolu mohlo p\u0159isp\u011bt ke vzestupu savc\u016f a evoluci nov\u00fdch rostlinn\u00fdch druh\u016f. Chicxulubsk\u00fd kr\u00e1ter z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ipom\u00ednkou hlubok\u00e9ho dopadu, kter\u00fd mohou m\u00edt mimozemsk\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti na historii na\u0161\u00ed planety.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u010casov\u00e1 osa devastace: Den, kdy asteroid ukon\u010dil vl\u00e1du dinosaur\u016f Impakt a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed kr\u00e1teru Osudn\u00e9ho dne p\u0159ed 66 miliony let narazil do Zem\u011b asteroid o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce p\u0159es \u0161est mil, kter\u00fd po…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[21582,394,561,137,99,5122],"class_list":["post-16271","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-chicxulub-crater","tag-asteroid-impact","tag-mass-extinction","tag-paleontology","tag-lifescienceart","tag-dinosaur-extinction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16271"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16271\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16272,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16271\/revisions\/16272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}