{"id":16285,"date":"2024-01-21T07:56:32","date_gmt":"2024-01-21T07:56:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16285"},"modified":"2024-01-21T07:56:32","modified_gmt":"2024-01-21T07:56:32","slug":"breast-milk-protein-fights-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/medical-research\/breast-milk-protein-fights-hiv\/","title":{"rendered":"Mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko jako ochr\u00e1nce proti HIV: Objeven protein tenascin C"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko obsahuje protein, kter\u00fd bojuje proti HIV<\/h2>\n\n

Objev tenascinu C<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci objevili v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce protein nazvan\u00fd tenascin C, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 pozoruhodnou schopnost neutralizovat HIV a zabr\u00e1nit mu v infikov\u00e1n\u00ed bun\u011bk. Tento objev m\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro prevenci p\u0159enosu HIV z matek na jejich d\u011bti a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b i pro l\u00e9\u010dbu HIV u d\u011bt\u00ed i dosp\u011bl\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n

Mechanismus \u00fa\u010dinku tenascinu C<\/h2>\n\n

Tenascin C funguje tak, \u017ee se v\u00e1\u017ee na specifick\u00fd protein na obalu HIV, co\u017e je vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vrstva viru. Tato vazba zabra\u0148uje HIV, aby se p\u0159ipojil k lidsk\u00fdm bu\u0148k\u00e1m a splynul s nimi, co\u017e je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed krok v \u017eivotn\u00edm cyklu viru. T\u00edm, \u017ee blokuje toto p\u0159ipojen\u00ed, tenascin C \u00fa\u010dinn\u011b neutralizuje HIV a zabra\u0148uje mu v infikov\u00e1n\u00ed bun\u011bk.<\/p>\n\n

Tenascin C v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce<\/h2>\n\n

Tenascin C je p\u0159irozen\u011b p\u0159\u00edtomen v lidsk\u00e9m mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee se mohl vyvinout, aby chr\u00e1nil kojence p\u0159ed r\u016fzn\u00fdmi infekcemi, v\u010detn\u011b HIV. Studie uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee tenascin C je nej\u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce matek, kter\u00e9 jsou HIV negativn\u00ed, ale je p\u0159\u00edtomen i v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce HIV pozitivn\u00edch matek.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhody kojen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Navzdory p\u0159\u00edtomnosti HIV v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee kojen\u00ed m\u00e1 pro kojence \u0159adu v\u00fdhod, v\u010detn\u011b poskytov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u017eivin a posilov\u00e1n\u00ed jejich imunitn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. U HIV pozitivn\u00edch matek se kojen\u00ed doporu\u010duje v kombinaci s antiretrovirov\u00fdmi l\u00e9ky ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rizika p\u0159enosu HIV na jejich d\u011bti. Ned\u00e1vn\u00e9 zm\u011bny v pokynech OSN zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdznam kojen\u00ed pro HIV pozitivn\u00ed matky v zem\u00edch s nedostatkem zdroj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed tenascinu C<\/h2>\n\n

Schopnost tenascinu C neutralizovat HIV vyvolala z\u00e1jem o jeho potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed jako l\u00e9\u010dbu HIV. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumaj\u00ed, zda by se tenascin C mohl pod\u00e1vat v koncentrovan\u00e9 form\u011b d\u011btem, kter\u00e9 nemohou b\u00fdt kojeny, nebo HIV pozitivn\u00edm dosp\u011bl\u00fdm, aby se sn\u00ed\u017eilo jejich riziko infekce. P\u0159irozen\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomnost tenascinu C v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce a jeho inherentn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed slibn\u00e9ho kandid\u00e1ta pro dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a v\u00fdvoj.<\/p>\n\n

Antibakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra<\/h2>\n\n

Bylo prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee tenascin C m\u00e1 antibakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fd proti \u0161irok\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1le infekc\u00ed. To nazna\u010duje, \u017ee tenascin C m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t roli p\u0159i ochran\u011b p\u0159ed jin\u00fdmi infekcemi, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161eny prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm kojen\u00ed, jako je cytomegalovirus a virus Epstein-Barrov\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Evolu\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fdznam<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edtomnost tenascinu C v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 ot\u00e1zky o jeho evolu\u010dn\u00edm v\u00fdznamu. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee tenascin C se mohl vyvinout, aby chr\u00e1nil kojence p\u0159ed infekcemi, kter\u00e9 byly v minulosti b\u011b\u017en\u00e9. A\u010dkoli je HIV relativn\u011b nov\u00fd virus, je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee antibakteri\u00e1ln\u00ed vlastnosti \u0161irok\u00e9ho spektra u tenascinu C se vyvinuly k boji proti jin\u00fdm souvisej\u00edc\u00edm infekc\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n

Je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, aby se ur\u010dil cel\u00fd potenci\u00e1l tenascinu C jako l\u00e9\u010dby HIV. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zkoumaj\u00ed optim\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00e1vkov\u00e1n\u00ed a metody pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tenascinu C, stejn\u011b jako jeho bezpe\u010dnost a \u00fa\u010dinnost v klinick\u00fdch testech. Pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00fd v\u00fdzkum m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k nov\u00fdm \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdm zp\u016fsob\u016fm prevence a l\u00e9\u010dby HIV, zejm\u00e9na u zraniteln\u00fdch populac\u00ed, jako jsou d\u011bti a HIV pozitivn\u00ed jedinci.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mate\u0159sk\u00e9 ml\u00e9ko obsahuje protein, kter\u00fd bojuje proti HIV Objev tenascinu C V\u011bdci objevili v mate\u0159sk\u00e9m ml\u00e9ce protein nazvan\u00fd tenascin C, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 pozoruhodnou schopnost neutralizovat HIV a zabr\u00e1nit mu v…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1862],"tags":[21599,4788,3370,21598,21597],"class_list":["post-16285","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical-research","tag-antimicrobial","tag-hiv","tag-medical-breakthrough","tag-breast-milk","tag-tenascin-c"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16285","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16285"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16285\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16286,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16285\/revisions\/16286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16285"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16285"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16285"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}