{"id":1639,"date":"2024-02-01T18:54:30","date_gmt":"2024-02-01T18:54:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1639"},"modified":"2024-02-01T18:54:30","modified_gmt":"2024-02-01T18:54:30","slug":"hainangibbonds-saved-from-death-defying-leaps-by-rope-bridges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/zoology\/hainangibbonds-saved-from-death-defying-leaps-by-rope-bridges\/","title":{"rendered":"Gibboni z Hainanu: Zachr\u00e1n\u011bni p\u0159ed smrteln\u00fdmi skoky lanov\u00fdmi mosty"},"content":{"rendered":"

Makakov\u00e9 z Hainanu: zachr\u00e1n\u011bni p\u0159ed smrteln\u00fdmi skoky lanov\u00fdmi mosty<\/h2>\n\n

Ztr\u00e1ta p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 propast<\/h2>\n\n

Makakov\u00e9 z Hainanu, nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prim\u00e1ti sv\u011bta, \u010delili hroziv\u00e9 v\u00fdzv\u011b, kdy\u017e v roce 2014 sesuv p\u016fdy rozlomil jejich de\u0161tn\u00fd pralesn\u00ed habitat. Prim\u00e1ti \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v korun\u00e1ch strom\u016f byli nuceni podnikat nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9 skoky p\u0159es 15 metr\u016f \u0161irokou propast, aby se dostali ke sv\u00e9 potrav\u011b.<\/p>\n\n

Jednoduch\u00e9 a inovativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se ochranou p\u0159\u00edrody vymysleli inovativn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed: jednoduch\u00fd lanov\u00fd most p\u0159emos\u0165uj\u00edc\u00ed propast mezi \u010d\u00e1stmi strom\u016f. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku makakov\u00e9 v\u00e1hali s pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm mostu, ale b\u011bhem \u0161esti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f si na n\u011bj zvykli.<\/p>\n\n

Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 strategie p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed most\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci pozorovali, jak makakov\u00e9 vyv\u00edjej\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 strategie p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed most\u016f. M\u00edsto houp\u00e1n\u00ed se pod lany, jako to d\u011blaj\u00ed na v\u011btv\u00edch strom\u016f, za\u010dali chodit po jednom lan\u011b, zat\u00edmco se pro podporu dr\u017eeli dal\u0161\u00edho lana, techniku, kterou v\u011bdci nazvali “dr\u017eadlo”.<\/p>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edle\u017eitostn\u011b makakov\u00e9 p\u0159edvedli pozoruhodnou hbitost t\u00edm, \u017ee se dr\u017eeli lan v\u0161emi \u010dty\u0159mi kon\u010detinami jako lenochod a p\u0159ech\u00e1zeli vzh\u016fru nohama. To dokazuje jejich pozoruhodnou p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost a schopnosti \u0159e\u0161it probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n

Zdokumentovan\u00fd \u00fasp\u011bch<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00fd t\u00fdm zdokumentoval, jak osm makak\u016f \u2013 v\u0161ichni krom\u011b samc\u016f \u2013 p\u0159ekro\u010dilo lanov\u00fd most celkem 52kr\u00e1t. Tento \u00fasp\u011bch zd\u016fraz\u0148uje \u00fa\u010dinnost lanov\u00e9ho mostu jako do\u010dasn\u00e9ho \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed fragmentace stanovi\u0161t\u011b zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 sesuvem p\u016fdy.<\/p>\n\n

Udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed propojenosti<\/h2>\n\n

Jeliko\u017e lidsk\u00e9 aktivity nad\u00e1le fragmentuj\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00e1 stanovi\u0161t\u011b, je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed naj\u00edt \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed propojenosti mezi fragmenty stanovi\u0161\u0165. Mosty v korun\u00e1ch strom\u016f, jako je ten, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 pro makaky z Hainanu, nab\u00edzej\u00ed slibn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/p>\n\n

Ochrana p\u0159\u00edrody nejen pro makaky z Hainanu<\/h2>\n\n

\u00dasp\u011bch lanov\u00e9ho mostu pro makaky z Hainanu m\u00e1 d\u016fsledky pro ochranu dal\u0161\u00edch stromov\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f. Ochran\u00e1\u0159i pracuj\u00edc\u00ed s orangutany a dal\u0161\u00edmi prim\u00e1ty mohou zaznamenat \u00fasp\u011bch makak\u016f a prozkoumat pou\u017eit\u00ed lanov\u00fdch drah pro zlep\u0161en\u00ed propojenosti v r\u00e1mci jejich stanovi\u0161\u0165.<\/p>\n\n

Obnova a expanze<\/h2>\n\n

Populace makak\u016f z Hainanu, kter\u00e1 kdysi \u010d\u00edtala kolem 2 000 jedinc\u016f, se kv\u016fli pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed a ztr\u00e1t\u011b p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed sn\u00ed\u017eila na m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e deset. D\u00edky ochran\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9mu \u00fasil\u00ed se populace pomalu zotavuje.<\/p>\n\n

V roce 2019 zalo\u017eil p\u00e1r makak\u016f z Hainanu novou rodinnou jednotku v odd\u011blen\u00e9m \u00faseku de\u0161tn\u00e9ho pralesa, co\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o odolnosti a p\u0159izp\u016fsobivosti druhu. Farma a botanick\u00e1 zahrada Kadoorie tak\u00e9 identifikovala p\u011bt rodinn\u00fdch skupin makak\u016f z Hainanu mimo centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st lesa.<\/p>\n\n

Obnova p\u0159irozen\u00fdch koridor\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Ochran\u00e1\u0159i zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdznam obnovy p\u0159irozen\u00fdch lesn\u00edch koridor\u016f, aby se usnadnil pohyb zv\u00ed\u0159at mezi stanovi\u0161ti. To zahrnuje v\u00fdsadbu strom\u016f pro propojen\u00ed fragmentovan\u00fdch oblast\u00ed a ochranu st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00edch koridor\u016f p\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00edm znehodnocen\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n

Nad\u011bje pro budoucnost<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh makak\u016f z Hainanu je d\u016fkazem s\u00edly ochrany p\u0159\u00edrody. Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm inovativn\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, jako jsou lanov\u00e9 mosty a spolupr\u00e1ce mezi v\u011bdci a m\u00edstn\u00edmi str\u00e1\u017eci les\u016f, m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci ohro\u017een\u00fdm druh\u016fm prosperovat v m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Makakov\u00e9 z Hainanu: zachr\u00e1n\u011bni p\u0159ed smrteln\u00fdmi skoky lanov\u00fdmi mosty Ztr\u00e1ta p\u0159irozen\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 propast Makakov\u00e9 z Hainanu, nejohro\u017een\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prim\u00e1ti sv\u011bta, \u010delili hroziv\u00e9 v\u00fdzv\u011b, kdy\u017e v roce 2014 sesuv p\u016fdy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[280],"tags":[3563,3564,3565,2154,401,404],"class_list":["post-1639","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-zoology","tag-hainan-gibbons","tag-habitat-fragmentation","tag-wildlife-innovation","tag-rope-bridges","tag-conservation","tag-endangered-species"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1639"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1639\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1640,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1639\/revisions\/1640"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1639"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1639"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}