{"id":1653,"date":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","date_gmt":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1653"},"modified":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","modified_gmt":"2021-08-10T10:38:52","slug":"historical-tortoiseshell-trade-impact-hawksbill-sea-turtles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/marine-biology\/historical-tortoiseshell-trade-impact-hawksbill-sea-turtles\/","title":{"rendered":"Zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed dopady obchodu se \u017eelvovinou na karetov\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed dopad obchodu s \u017eelvovinou na karetov\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historick\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00edce ne\u017e 150 let dat odhalilo znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed rozsah obchodu se \u017eelvovinou a jeho ni\u010div\u00fd dopad na karetov\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy. P\u0159ed touto studi\u00ed poch\u00e1zela data o obchodu pouze z roku 1950, ale v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci se nyn\u00ed pono\u0159ili do archiv\u016f od roku 1844 do roku 1992 a odhalili skrytou historii vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla<\/h2>\n\n<p>Anal\u00fdza ukazuje, \u017ee p\u0159ed rokem 1950 se na trh dostalo v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 186 087 liber \u017eelvoviny, co\u017e p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 880 000 jednotliv\u00fdch \u017eelv. Toto \u010d\u00edslo daleko p\u0159ekra\u010duje p\u0159edchoz\u00ed odhady, kter\u00e9 byly zalo\u017eeny na datech z roku 1950 a d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Lov ryb sm\u011brem dol\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci zpochybnili p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee c\u00edlem lovu byly pouze velk\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9 \u017eelvy kv\u016fli jejich krun\u00fd\u0159\u016fm. Jak byly v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u017eelvy loveny, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il se lov o v\u00edce mlad\u00fdch dosp\u011bl\u00fdch a nedosp\u011bl\u00fdch \u017eelv, co\u017e je proces zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako &#8220;lov ryb sm\u011brem dol\u016f&#8221;. Tato praxe d\u00e1le vy\u010derpala populaci \u017eelv.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">P\u0159epo\u010det \u00falovk\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<p>Pomoc\u00ed \u00fadaj\u016f ze sou\u010dasn\u00fdch z\u00e1silek neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed \u017eelvoviny v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci p\u0159epo\u010d\u00edtali po\u010det \u017eelv uloven\u00fdch za 150 let. V\u00fdsledky jsou ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Pouze velk\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9:<\/strong> 4 640 062 jedinc\u016f<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e9 dosp\u011bl\u00e9:<\/strong> 5 122 951 jedinc\u016f<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd v\u011bk:<\/strong> 9 834 837 jedinc\u016f<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lov ryb sm\u011brem dol\u016f:<\/strong> 8 976 503 jedinc\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historick\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed cesty a neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed, nehl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd a neregulovan\u00fd (NNN) rybolov<\/h2>\n\n<p>Historick\u00e9 obchodn\u00ed cesty pro \u017eelvovinu jsou st\u00e1le d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro dne\u0161n\u00ed neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 praktiky. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee s\u00edt\u011b a provozovatel\u00e9 zapojen\u00ed do obchodu se \u017eelvovinou mohli polo\u017eit z\u00e1klady pro sou\u010dasn\u00fd neleg\u00e1ln\u00ed, nehl\u00e1\u0161en\u00fd a neregulovan\u00fd (NNN) rybolov.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Trval\u00e9 hrozby<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159es mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed ochranu od roku 1977 jsou karetov\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy st\u00e1le neleg\u00e1ln\u011b loveny v zem\u00edch jako Indon\u00e9sie, Malajsie a Filip\u00edny, \u010dasto pro v\u00fdvoz do \u010c\u00edny. Studie zd\u016fraz\u0148uje pot\u0159ebu v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho dohledu nad pob\u0159e\u017en\u00edm rybolovem a komer\u010dn\u00edmi flotilami za \u00fa\u010delem ochrany \u017eelv a jin\u00e9ho ohro\u017een\u00e9ho mo\u0159sk\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pot\u0159eba dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tato studie poskytuje cenn\u00e9 poznatky o historick\u00e9m dopadu obchodu se \u017eelvovinou na karetov\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy. Je v\u0161ak zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edho v\u00fdzkumu, abychom pln\u011b pochopili dlouhodob\u00e9 d\u016fsledky tohoto vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a abychom vyvinuli \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 strategie pro ochranu t\u011bchto kriticky ohro\u017een\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed dopad obchodu s \u017eelvovinou na karetov\u00e9 mo\u0159sk\u00e9 \u017eelvy Historick\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed V\u00edce ne\u017e 150 let dat odhalilo znepokojuj\u00edc\u00ed rozsah obchodu se \u017eelvovinou a jeho ni\u010div\u00fd&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[84],"tags":[3582,3579,3581,1298,3583,404,3580],"class_list":["post-1653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-biology","tag-fishing-down","tag-hawksbill-sea-turtle","tag-historical-exploitation","tag-marine-conservation","tag-illegal-unreported-and-unregulated-fishing","tag-endangered-species","tag-tortoiseshell-trade"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1653"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1654,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1653\/revisions\/1654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}