{"id":16585,"date":"2022-12-06T10:04:26","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T10:04:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16585"},"modified":"2022-12-06T10:04:26","modified_gmt":"2022-12-06T10:04:26","slug":"harvard-cancer-institute-retracts-studies-amid-photoshop-allegations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/biomedical-research\/harvard-cancer-institute-retracts-studies-amid-photoshop-allegations\/","title":{"rendered":"Harvardsk\u00fd onkologick\u00fd institut stahuje a opravuje studie po obvin\u011bn\u00edch z pou\u017eit\u00ed Photoshopu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Harvardsk\u00fd onkologick\u00fd \u00fastav stahuje a opravuje studie kv\u016fli obvin\u011bn\u00ed z \u00faprav ve Photoshopu<\/h2>\n\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed z manipulace s obr\u00e1zky<\/h2>\n\n

Britsk\u00fd biolog Sholto David obvinil v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky z presti\u017en\u00edho onkologick\u00e9ho institutu Dana-Farber (DFCI) p\u0159idru\u017een\u00e9ho k Harvard Medical School z manipulace s obr\u00e1zky a daty v jejich publikovan\u00fdch studi\u00edch. Davidova obvin\u011bn\u00ed, zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00e1 na nez\u00e1visl\u00e9m blogu For Better Science, zahrnuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklady proteinov\u00fdch p\u00e1s\u016f, datov\u00fdch graf\u016f a v\u00fdsledk\u016f PCR, o kter\u00fdch tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee byly pozm\u011bn\u011bny pomoc\u00ed kop\u00edrov\u00e1n\u00ed a vkl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nebo softwaru Photoshop.<\/p>\n\n

Intern\u00ed p\u0159ezkum a sta\u017een\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V n\u00e1vaznosti na Davidova tvrzen\u00ed zah\u00e1jil DFCI intern\u00ed p\u0159ezkum dan\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu. V d\u016fsledku toho institut ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee st\u00e1hne nejm\u00e9n\u011b \u0161est studi\u00ed a oprav\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch 31. Ovlivn\u011bn\u00e9 studie byly publikov\u00e1ny v hlavn\u00edch l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fdch a biologick\u00fdch \u010dasopisech, jako jsou Molecular and Cellular Biology, Clinical Cancer Research a Blood.<\/p>\n\n

Zapleten\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed v\u011bdci<\/h2>\n\n

Mnoho z prov\u011b\u0159ovan\u00fdch studi\u00ed publikovali p\u0159edn\u00ed v\u011bdci DFCI, v\u010detn\u011b prezidentky a gener\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0159editelky Laurie Glimcherov\u00e9, provozn\u00edho \u0159editele Williama Hahna a hlavn\u00edch v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f Irene Ghobrialov\u00e9 a Kennetha Andersona. Obvin\u011bn\u00ed vyvolala obavy ohledn\u011b intern\u00edho p\u0159ezkumn\u00e9ho procesu institutu a integrity jeho v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n\n

Detekce pomoc\u00ed um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence<\/h2>\n\n

David pou\u017eil k detekci \u00fadajn\u00e9 manipulace s obr\u00e1zky jak pouh\u00e9 oko, tak software um\u011bl\u00e9 inteligence naz\u00fdvan\u00fd ImageTwin. Software je ur\u010den k rozpozn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed podobnost\u00ed a nesrovnalost\u00ed v obr\u00e1zc\u00edch, co\u017e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 odhalit mo\u017en\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n\n

Extern\u00ed kontrola<\/h2>\n\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed proti DFCI vzbudila zna\u010dnou pozornost v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunity i m\u00e9di\u00ed. P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh uvedly New York Times, Wall Street Journal a Harvard Crimson a zd\u016fraznily d\u016fsledky pro integritu v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n\n

Reakce v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci na obvin\u011bn\u00ed rychle zareagovali. Hahn a Ghobrialov\u00e1 p\u0159edlo\u017eily \u010dasopis\u016fm opraven\u00e9 obr\u00e1zky ke studi\u00edm, kter\u00e9 David zm\u00ednil. Jin\u00ed h\u00e1jili integritu sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu a zd\u016fraz\u0148ovali slo\u017eitost v\u011bdeck\u00fdch dat a mo\u017enost ne\u00famysln\u00fdch chyb.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e9 pochyben\u00ed a jeho d\u016fsledky<\/h2>\n\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed proti DFCI vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky ohledn\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho pochyben\u00ed. Odborn\u00edci na integritu v\u00fdzkumu pouk\u00e1zali na to, \u017ee p\u0159\u00edtomnost nesrovnalost\u00ed v obr\u00e1zc\u00edch nemus\u00ed nutn\u011b znamenat \u00famysl klamat. Je v\u0161ak nutn\u00e9 d\u016fkladn\u00e9 pro\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed, aby se zjistilo, zda do\u0161lo k n\u011bjak\u00e9mu pochyben\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e9 pochyben\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 d\u016fsledky, v\u010detn\u011b sta\u017een\u00ed publikac\u00ed, ztr\u00e1ty pov\u011bsti a po\u0161kozen\u00ed d\u016fv\u011bryhodnosti v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunity. Je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, aby v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci dodr\u017eovali etick\u00e9 standardy a zaji\u0161\u0165ovali p\u0159esnost a integritu sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam whistleblower\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Davidova role whistleblowera sehr\u00e1la v\u00fdznamnou \u00falohu p\u0159i vyta\u017een\u00ed t\u011bchto obvin\u011bn\u00ed na sv\u011btlo. Whistleblowe\u0159i p\u0159i oznamov\u00e1n\u00ed pochyben\u00ed \u010dasto \u010del\u00ed v\u00fdzv\u00e1m a rizik\u016fm, ale jejich jedn\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee pomoci chr\u00e1nit integritu v\u00fdzkumu a d\u016fv\u011bru ve\u0159ejnosti ve v\u011bdu.<\/p>\n\n

Ponau\u010den\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed postup<\/h2>\n\n

Obvin\u011bn\u00ed proti DFCI vyvolala v\u00fdzvy k d\u016fkladn\u00e9mu p\u0159ezkumu v\u00fdzkumn\u00fdch postup\u016f institutu. Odborn\u00edci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed pot\u0159ebu robustn\u00edch intern\u00edch p\u0159ezkumn\u00fdch proces\u016f a \u00fa\u010dinn\u00fdch mechanism\u016f pro detekci a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho pochyben\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u011bdeck\u00e1 komunita mus\u00ed tak\u00e9 spolupracovat na podpo\u0159e kultury integrity v\u00fdzkumu, kde jsou v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci povzbuzov\u00e1ni k hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed obav a kde jsou whistleblowe\u0159i chr\u00e1n\u011bni. Podporou transparentn\u00edho a etick\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci zajistit spolehlivost a d\u016fv\u011bryhodnost v\u011bdeck\u00fdch poznatk\u016f.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Harvardsk\u00fd onkologick\u00fd \u00fastav stahuje a opravuje studie kv\u016fli obvin\u011bn\u00ed z \u00faprav ve Photoshopu Obvin\u011bn\u00ed z manipulace s obr\u00e1zky Britsk\u00fd biolog Sholto David obvinil v\u00fdzkumn\u00edky z presti\u017en\u00edho onkologick\u00e9ho institutu Dana-Farber (DFCI)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3713],"tags":[21947,21946,3505,21949,21948,99,21945],"class_list":["post-16585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biomedical-research","tag-data-manipulation","tag-research-integrity","tag-image-manipulation","tag-corrected-studies","tag-retracted-studies","tag-lifescienceart","tag-scientific-misconduct"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16585"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16585\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16586,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16585\/revisions\/16586"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}