{"id":16674,"date":"2024-06-16T13:53:38","date_gmt":"2024-06-16T13:53:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=16674"},"modified":"2024-06-16T13:53:38","modified_gmt":"2024-06-16T13:53:38","slug":"artificial-wombs-revolutionary-advance-preemie-care","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/medical-technology\/artificial-wombs-revolutionary-advance-preemie-care\/","title":{"rendered":"Um\u011bl\u00e9 d\u011blohy: revolu\u010dn\u00ed pokrok v p\u00e9\u010di o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Um\u011bl\u00e9 d\u011blohy: Revolu\u010dn\u00ed pokrok v p\u00e9\u010di o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Historie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Od doby vyn\u00e1lezu prvn\u00edho inkub\u00e1toru v 70. letech 19. stolet\u00ed hraje technologie z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli ve zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edry p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed. Dnes p\u0159e\u017eije v\u00edce ne\u017e polovina d\u011bt\u00ed narozen\u00fdch ve 24. t\u00fddnu t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed, mnoho z nich v\u0161ak \u010del\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdm zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm, jako je slepota, po\u0161kozen\u00ed plic a d\u011btsk\u00e1 mozkov\u00e1 obrna.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci vyvinuli inovativn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha, zn\u00e1m\u00e9 tak\u00e9 jako za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pro extrauterinn\u00ed podporu, kter\u00e9 m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l zm\u011bnit p\u00e9\u010di o extr\u00e9mn\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti. Toto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je napln\u011bno tekutinou a napodobuje podm\u00ednky v d\u011bloze matky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak to funguje<\/h2>\n\n<p>Um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha poskytuje plodu teplotn\u011b kontrolovan\u00e9 a steriln\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Plod d\u00fdch\u00e1 plodovou vodu a jeho krev cirkuluje p\u0159es p\u0159\u00edstroj na v\u00fdm\u011bnu plyn\u016f, kter\u00fd ji okysli\u010duje, podobn\u011b jako placenta. Na rozd\u00edl od tradi\u010dn\u00edch inkub\u00e1tor\u016f nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha k cirkulaci extern\u00ed pumpu, ale spol\u00e9h\u00e1 se m\u00edsto toho na srdce plodu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhody pro p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha nab\u00edz\u00ed oproti tradi\u010dn\u00edm inkub\u00e1tor\u016fm n\u011bkolik v\u00fdhod pro extr\u00e9mn\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Poskytuje p\u0159irozen\u011bj\u0161\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kter\u00e9 podporuje v\u00fdvoj plic a zr\u00e1n\u00ed org\u00e1n\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>Sni\u017euje riziko vystaven\u00ed infek\u010dn\u00edm patogen\u016fm.<\/li>\n<li>Eliminuje pot\u0159ebu mechanick\u00e9 ventilace, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee po\u0161kodit pl\u00edce.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Etick\u00e9 \u00favahy<\/h2>\n\n<p>A\u010dkoli m\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha potenci\u00e1l zachra\u0148ovat \u017eivoty a zlep\u0161ovat v\u00fdsledky u p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 tak\u00e9 etick\u00e9 obavy. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed bioetici se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed mo\u017enosti n\u00e1tlaku, proto\u017ee poji\u0161\u0165ovny nebo zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 by mohli tla\u010dit na \u017eeny, aby za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvaly a p\u0159ede\u0161ly tak n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm. Jin\u00ed zpochyb\u0148uj\u00ed d\u016fsledky pro t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a porod a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lej\u00ed, zda by um\u011bl\u00e9 d\u011blohy mohly nakonec nahradit biologick\u00e9 t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budouc\u00ed d\u016fsledky<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha nen\u00ed ur\u010dena k nahrazen\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Jejich c\u00edlem je poskytnout p\u0159echod pro extr\u00e9mn\u011b p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti, kter\u00e9 je\u0161t\u011b nejsou schopny p\u0159e\u017e\u00edt mimo d\u011blohu. Dlouhodob\u00e9 d\u016fsledky t\u00e9to technologie jsou v\u0161ak dalekos\u00e1hl\u00e9. Mohla by potenci\u00e1ln\u011b v\u00e9st k pokroku v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b neplodnosti, transplantaci org\u00e1n\u016f a dokonce k nov\u00e9 definici t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed a porodu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cesta vp\u0159ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ne\u017e bude mo\u017en\u00e9 um\u011blou d\u011blohu pou\u017e\u00edt u lid\u00ed, mus\u00ed v\u011bdci d\u00e1le zdokonalit technologii a prok\u00e1zat jej\u00ed bezpe\u010dnost a \u00fa\u010dinnost. Mus\u00ed se tak\u00e9 zab\u00fdvat etick\u00fdmi obavami souvisej\u00edc\u00edmi s jej\u00edm pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm. Pokud bude \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, m\u00e1 um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha potenci\u00e1l zm\u011bnit \u017eivoty nes\u010detn\u00fdch p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed a jejich rodin.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00favahy<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Um\u011bl\u00e1 d\u011bloha je ur\u010dena pro d\u011bti mezi 23. a 28. t\u00fddnem t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>Studie prok\u00e1zaly, \u017ee jeh\u0148ata chovan\u00e1 v um\u011bl\u00fdch d\u011bloh\u00e1ch a\u017e 28 dn\u00ed vykazovala norm\u00e1ln\u00ed r\u016fst, mozkov\u00e9 funkce a v\u00fdvoj org\u00e1n\u016f.<\/li>\n<li>V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee um\u011bl\u00e9 d\u011blohy by mohly b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraveny k pou\u017eit\u00ed u lid\u00ed b\u011bhem deseti let.<\/li>\n<li>Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00faspora n\u00e1klad\u016f na pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed um\u011bl\u00fdch d\u011bloh ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed \u00famrtnosti kojenc\u016f a dlouhodob\u00fdch zdravotn\u00edch komplikac\u00ed by mohla b\u00fdt zna\u010dn\u00e1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Um\u011bl\u00e9 d\u011blohy: Revolu\u010dn\u00ed pokrok v p\u00e9\u010di o p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b narozen\u00e9 d\u011bti Historie Od doby vyn\u00e1lezu prvn\u00edho inkub\u00e1toru v 70. letech 19. stolet\u00ed hraje technologie z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli ve zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edry p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed p\u0159ed\u010dasn\u011b&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":23654,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[507],"tags":[22056,8024,6304,7281,6305,22057],"class_list":["post-16674","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medical-technology","tag-artificial-wombs","tag-bioethics","tag-neonatal-care","tag-medical-advancements","tag-premature-babies","tag-reproductive-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16674","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16674"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16674\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16675,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16674\/revisions\/16675"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/23654"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16674"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16674"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16674"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}