V roce 1939 na Sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdstav\u011b v New Yorku zaujala n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky revolu\u010dn\u00ed expozice: \u201ePrvn\u00ed rok \u017eivota\u201c<\/strong>, s\u00e9rie 24 soch zobrazuj\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdvoj plodu od po\u010det\u00ed a\u017e po narozen\u00ed. Sochy vytvo\u0159il porodn\u00ed gynekolog a um\u011blec Robert\u202fLatou\u202fDickinson a p\u0159edstavily kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd okam\u017eik ve zdravotnick\u00e9m vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed i ve\u0159ejn\u00e9m pochopen\u00ed t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n Dickinson \u010derpal inspiraci ze historick\u00fdch anatomick\u00fdch model\u016f a rentgenov\u00fdch sn\u00edmk\u016f, ale jeho sochy byly jedine\u010dn\u00e9 svou realistickou detailnost\u00ed a klidn\u00fdm zobrazen\u00edm rostouc\u00edho plodu. Vyz\u00fdvaly tehdej\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edstavu o plodu jako o l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 kuriozit\u011b a m\u00edsto toho jej prezentovaly jako kr\u00e1sn\u00fd a \u00fa\u017easn\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n S\u00e9rie narozen\u00ed m\u011bla hlubok\u00fd dopad na spole\u010dnost. Byla \u0161iroce reprodukov\u00e1na ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edch materi\u00e1lech a zm\u011bnila zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm studenti i ve\u0159ejnost u\u010dili o t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed. Dickinsonovy sochy tak\u00e9 ovlivnily debatu o potratech a staly se symbolem posv\u00e1tnosti \u017eivota i n\u00e1strojem pro anti\u2011potratov\u00e9 aktivisty.<\/p>\n\n V n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch desetilet\u00edch se objevily dal\u0161\u00ed obrazy plod\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b slavn\u00e9ho makrofoto Lennarta Nilssona. Tyto sn\u00edmky se \u00fazce propl\u00e9taly s politick\u00fdmi a etick\u00fdmi debatami o potratech.<\/p>\n\n Dickinson byl komplexn\u00ed postava, kter\u00e1 z\u00e1rove\u0148 prosazovala reproduk\u010dn\u00ed zdrav\u00ed a dr\u017eela n\u00e1zory, kter\u00e9 jsou dnes problematick\u00e9. Byl zast\u00e1ncem antikoncepce i potrat\u016f a tvrdil, \u017ee \u017eeny maj\u00ed pr\u00e1vo rozhodovat o sv\u00fdch t\u011blech. Sou\u010dasn\u011b podporoval eugenick\u00e9 sterilizace, kter\u00e9 c\u00edlily na rasov\u00e9 men\u0161iny.<\/p>\n\n Dickinsonovy sochy odr\u00e1\u017eely rasov\u00e9 p\u0159edsudky sv\u00e9 doby a zobrazovaly plody s klasick\u00fdmi evropsk\u00fdmi rysy. Byly pou\u017eity jako modely pro v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed sochy p\u0159edstavuj\u00edc\u00ed \u201eide\u00e1ln\u00edho\u201c americk\u00e9ho mu\u017ee a \u017eenu.<\/p>\n\n Dnes Dickinsonova s\u00e9rie narozen\u00ed i nad\u00e1le zpochyb\u0148uje na\u0161e p\u0159edpoklady o zobrazen\u00ed plodu. P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee takov\u00e9 reprezentace nejsou inherentn\u011b pro\u2011\u017eivotn\u00ed ani anti\u2011potratov\u00e9, ale funguj\u00ed jako Rorschach\u016fv test, schopn\u00fd p\u0159edat \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu v\u00fdznam\u016f.<\/p>\n\n S\u00e9rie vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o roli medic\u00ednsk\u00fdch obraz\u016f p\u0159i formov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed, o etick\u00fdch a pr\u00e1vn\u00edch d\u016fsledc\u00edch reproduk\u010dn\u00edch pr\u00e1v a o slo\u017eit\u00e9m odkazu osob, kter\u00e9 p\u0159isp\u011bly k l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9mu pokroku, a p\u0159itom zast\u00e1valy problematick\u00e9 n\u00e1zory.<\/p>\n\n Prvn\u00ed rok \u017eivota: Socha a m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se podoba t\u011bhotenstv\u00ed L\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00fd pr\u016flom: Odhalen\u00ed plodu V roce 1939 na Sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00fdstav\u011b v New Yorku zaujala n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edky revolu\u010dn\u00ed expozice: \u201ePrvn\u00ed rok \u017eivota\u201c, s\u00e9rie…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":25419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7010],"tags":[705,4585,22188,22189,451,99],"class_list":["post-16772","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-medical-history","tag-medical-history","tag-eugenics","tag-fetal-development","tag-reproductive-rights","tag-art-and-science","tag-lifescienceart"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16772","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16772"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16772\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25420,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16772\/revisions\/25420"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16772"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16772"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16772"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}S\u00edla obrazu: Formov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n
Dickinsonova slo\u017eit\u00e1 d\u011bdictv\u00ed: Medic\u00edna, eugenika a reproduk\u010dn\u00ed pr\u00e1va<\/h2>\n\n
Trval\u00fd dopad: Plody, v\u00fdznam a interpretace<\/h2>\n\n
Dal\u0161\u00ed dlouhoocas\u00e9 kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy<\/h2>\n\n
\n