Teoretik v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho origami Erik Demaine posunul hranice origami a vytvo\u0159il sochy, kter\u00e9 vzdoruj\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edmu ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed toho, co je mo\u017en\u00e9 ud\u011blat se skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm pap\u00edru. St\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00edm vrchol\u016f a \u00fadol\u00ed v soust\u0159edn\u00fdch \u010dtverc\u00edch Demaine dos\u00e1hl d\u0159\u00edve nemo\u017en\u00e9ho: hyperbolick\u00fdch paraboloid\u016f, tvaru, kter\u00fd byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n v origami za nedosa\u017eiteln\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n
Tajemstv\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 ve slo\u017eit\u00fdch vzorech p\u0159ehyb\u016f, kter\u00e9 Demaine vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, co\u017e vede ke struktur\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 “vysko\u010d\u00ed do sedlov\u00e9ho tvaru” p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00edho bramb\u016frku Pringle. Demainovy sochy nejsou jen vizu\u00e1ln\u011b ohromuj\u00edc\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 vyvol\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky o mechanice skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed pap\u00edru.<\/p>\n\n
Po\u010d\u00e1tky origami lze vysledovat do roku 1797 v Japonsku, kdy vy\u0161la kniha Akisata Rita “Sembazuru Orikata”. V 19. stolet\u00ed se origami stalo popul\u00e1rn\u00ed \u0161koln\u00ed aktivitou v Evrop\u011b a v 50. letech 20. stolet\u00ed se vyvinulo v modern\u00ed um\u011bleckou formu pod veden\u00edm japonsk\u00e9ho um\u011blce Akiry Yoshizawy.<\/p>\n\n
Sou\u010dasn\u00ed um\u011blci origami, jako jsou Eric Joisel a Robert Lang, posunuli hranice je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1le a vytvo\u0159ili realistick\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00ed a lidsk\u00e9 postavy a slo\u017eit\u00e9 kompozice, kter\u00e9 byly vystaveny v presti\u017en\u00edch instituc\u00edch, jako je Louvre a Museum of Modern Art.<\/p>\n\n
Origami m\u00e1 hlubok\u00e9 spojen\u00ed s matematikou, zejm\u00e9na s geometri\u00ed. Probl\u00e9m skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed a st\u0159\u00edh\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd byl poprv\u00e9 p\u0159edstaven v japonsk\u00e9 knize v roce 1721, se pt\u00e1, kolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvar\u016f lze vytvo\u0159it slo\u017een\u00edm obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00e9ho kusu pap\u00edru a proveden\u00edm jedin\u00e9ho \u0159ezu. Demainovo \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed tohoto stalet\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee jak\u00fdkoli tvar je mo\u017en\u00fd, pokud m\u00e1te spr\u00e1vn\u00fd geometrick\u00fd pl\u00e1n.<\/p>\n\n
Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 programy zp\u016fsobily revoluci v oblasti origami. Software jako TreeMaker a Origamizer umo\u017e\u0148uje u\u017eivatel\u016fm navrhovat a zkoumat slo\u017eit\u00e9 vzory skl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e umo\u017e\u0148uje vytv\u00e1\u0159et slo\u017eit\u00e9 a inovativn\u00ed tvary.<\/p>\n\n
Krom\u011b sv\u00e9 um\u011bleck\u00e9 hodnoty na\u0161lo origami praktick\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed v r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblastech. V\u00fdrobci automobil\u016f pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed matematiku origami k navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed airbag\u016f, kter\u00e9 se efektivn\u011b skl\u00e1daj\u00ed. In\u017een\u00fd\u0159i zkoumaj\u00ed vyu\u017eit\u00ed origami struktur v nanotechnologi\u00edch a vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed ploch\u00e9 objekty, kter\u00e9 lze p\u0159em\u011bnit na 3D tvary. Principy origami by nav\u00edc mohly pomoci navrhnout syntetick\u00e9 proteiny bojuj\u00edc\u00ed proti vir\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n
Erik Demaine a jeho otec Martin spolupracovali na vytvo\u0159en\u00ed fascinuj\u00edc\u00edch origami soch. Jejich pr\u00e1ce byla p\u0159edstavena v Renwickov\u011b galerii Smithsonova institutu a ukazuje pr\u016fnik um\u011bn\u00ed a matematiky.<\/p>\n\n
Origami neust\u00e1le fascinuje um\u011blce a matematiky a nab\u00edz\u00ed jedine\u010dnou kombinaci kreativity, p\u0159esnosti a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f. Jak Demaine v\u00fdsti\u017en\u011b \u0159\u00edk\u00e1: “P\u0159i\u0161li jsme s matematick\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd inspiruje nov\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed \u2013 a um\u011bleck\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem, kter\u00fd inspiruje novou matematiku.”<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Origami: Kde se socha\u0159stv\u00ed potk\u00e1v\u00e1 s matematikou Matematick\u00e9 origami: Vzdoruje nemo\u017en\u00e9mu Teoretik v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho origami Erik Demaine posunul hranice origami a vytvo\u0159il sochy, kter\u00e9 vzdoruj\u00ed tradi\u010dn\u00edmu ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed toho, co je mo\u017en\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2379],"tags":[22409,22410,22407,214,2402,1374,22408],"class_list":["post-16958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sculpture","tag-computational-origami","tag-erik-demaine","tag-hyperbolic-paraboloid","tag-mathematics","tag-origami","tag-sculpture","tag-crease-patterns"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16958"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16959,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16958\/revisions\/16959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}