{"id":17030,"date":"2023-10-19T02:03:22","date_gmt":"2023-10-19T02:03:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17030"},"modified":"2023-10-19T02:03:22","modified_gmt":"2023-10-19T02:03:22","slug":"the-malleability-of-memory-and-its-implications-for-ptsd-treatment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/neuroscience\/the-malleability-of-memory-and-its-implications-for-ptsd-treatment\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak funguj\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed se vzpom\u00ednky: Poddajnost pam\u011bti a rekonsolidace"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak funguj\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed se vzpom\u00ednky<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Poddajnost pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na\u0161e vzpom\u00ednky nejsou pevn\u00e9 a nem\u011bnn\u00e9, ale jsou neust\u00e1le tvarov\u00e1ny a p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159eny na\u0161imi zku\u0161enostmi. Tomu se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 poddajnost pam\u011bti. Jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch faktor\u016f, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit poddajnost vzpom\u00ednky, je proces jej\u00edho vybaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rekonsolidace: Kl\u00ed\u010d ke zm\u011bn\u011b pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Kdy\u017e si vybav\u00edme vzpom\u00ednku, nen\u00ed to jen pasivn\u00ed proces z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed z \u00falo\u017ei\u0161t\u011b. M\u00edsto toho se vzpom\u00ednka znovu aktivuje a proch\u00e1z\u00ed procesem zvan\u00fdm rekonsolidace. B\u011bhem rekonsolidace se vzpom\u00ednka st\u00e1v\u00e1 zranitelnou v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u00e1m a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt upravena nebo dokonce p\u0159eps\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role rekonsolidace u PTSD<\/h2>\n\n<p>Poddajnost pam\u011bti m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na n\u00e1\u0161 \u017eivot, a to jak pozitivn\u00ed, tak negativn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad poddajnost pam\u011bti n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee umo\u017enit u\u010dit se z na\u0161ich chyb a p\u0159izp\u016fsobit se nov\u00fdm situac\u00edm. M\u016f\u017ee v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 v\u00e9st k rozvoji fale\u0161n\u00fdch vzpom\u00ednek a dal\u0161\u00edch zkreslen\u00ed pam\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejv\u00edce oslabuj\u00edc\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f poddajnosti pam\u011bti je posttraumatick\u00e1 stresov\u00e1 porucha (PTSD). PTSD je stav du\u0161evn\u00edho zdrav\u00ed, kter\u00fd se m\u016f\u017ee rozvinout pot\u00e9, co \u010dlov\u011bk za\u017eije traumatickou ud\u00e1lost. Lid\u00e9 s PTSD \u010dasto za\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se, vt\u00edrav\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky na traumatickou ud\u00e1lost, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt velmi stresuj\u00edc\u00ed a naru\u0161ovat jejich ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">L\u00e9\u010dba PTSD pomoc\u00ed rekonsolidace<\/h2>\n\n<p>Poddajnost pam\u011bti m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 poskytnout kl\u00ed\u010d k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b PTSD. D\u00edky pochopen\u00ed toho, jak se vzpom\u00ednky vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed, vyvinuli v\u011bdci nov\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby l\u00e9\u010dby, kter\u00e9 c\u00edl\u00ed na proces rekonsolidace. Tyto zp\u016fsoby l\u00e9\u010dby maj\u00ed za c\u00edl naru\u0161it rekonsolidaci traumatick\u00fdch vzpom\u00ednek a u\u010dinit je m\u00e9n\u011b \u017eiv\u00fdmi a m\u00e9n\u011b stresuj\u00edc\u00edmi.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jednou z nejslibn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch metod PTSD, kter\u00e1 se zam\u011b\u0159uje na rekonsolidaci, je propranolol. Propranolol je beta-blok\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd prokazateln\u011b sni\u017euje p\u0159\u00edznaky PTSD, pokud se u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159ed nebo po vybaven\u00ed traumatick\u00e9 vzpom\u00ednky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhody a v\u00fdzvy poddajn\u00e9 pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Poddajnost pam\u011bti je komplexn\u00ed a mnohostrann\u00fd fenom\u00e9n. M\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt jak pozitivn\u00ed, tak negativn\u00ed d\u016fsledky a st\u00e1le nen\u00ed zcela pochopen. Pochopen\u00edm poddajnosti pam\u011bti se v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eeme nau\u010dit, jak ji vyu\u017e\u00edt ve sv\u016fj prosp\u011bch a zm\u00edrnit jej\u00ed potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vzpom\u00ednky jsou nezbytn\u00e9 pro n\u00e1\u0161 ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed n\u00e1m u\u010dit se z na\u0161ich zku\u0161enost\u00ed, pl\u00e1novat budoucnost a navazovat kontakty s ostatn\u00edmi. Bez vzpom\u00ednek bychom byli ztraceni a zmaten\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">R\u016fzn\u00e9 typy pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Existuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f pam\u011bti, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e1 m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed jedine\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti. Mezi n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f pam\u011bti pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Epizodick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165:<\/strong> Vzpom\u00ednky na konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1m staly.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u00e9mantick\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165:<\/strong> Vzpom\u00ednky na fakta a znalosti.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Procedur\u00e1ln\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165:<\/strong> Vzpom\u00ednky na to, jak d\u011blat v\u011bci.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Pracovn\u00ed pam\u011b\u0165:<\/strong> Vzpom\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 se pr\u00e1v\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Dlouhodob\u00e1 pam\u011b\u0165:<\/strong> Vzpom\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 jsou ulo\u017eeny po del\u0161\u00ed dobu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se tvo\u0159\u00ed vzpom\u00ednky<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vzpom\u00ednky se tvo\u0159\u00ed, kdy\u017e se vytvo\u0159\u00ed nov\u00e1 spojen\u00ed mezi neurony v mozku. Tato spojen\u00ed se naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed synapse. \u010c\u00edm \u010dast\u011bji je vzpom\u00ednka vybavena, t\u00edm siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed synapse jsou. To je d\u016fvod, pro\u010d vzpom\u00ednky, kter\u00e9 jsou \u010dasto vybavov\u00e1ny, si s v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed zapamatujeme i v budoucnu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se vzpom\u00ednky m\u011bn\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Vzpom\u00ednky lze zm\u011bnit n\u011bkolika zp\u016fsoby. Jedn\u00edm z nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak se vzpom\u00ednky m\u011bn\u00ed, je prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm procesu rekonsolidace. Rekonsolidace nast\u00e1v\u00e1, kdy\u017e je vzpom\u00ednka vybavena a pot\u00e9 znovu ulo\u017eena. B\u011bhem rekonsolidace je vzpom\u00ednka zraniteln\u00e1 v\u016f\u010di zm\u011bn\u00e1m a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt upravena nebo dokonce p\u0159eps\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdznam konsolidace pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Konsolidace pam\u011bti je proces, kter\u00fdm jsou vzpom\u00ednky ukl\u00e1d\u00e1ny v mozku pro dlouhodob\u00e9 uchov\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento proces zahrnuje tvorbu nov\u00fdch protein\u016f a posilov\u00e1n\u00ed synaps\u00ed. Konsolidace je nezbytn\u00e1 pro vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed dlouhodob\u00fdch vzpom\u00ednek.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzvy p\u0159i l\u00e9\u010db\u011b poruch pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>Poruchy pam\u011bti p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed v\u00e1\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt ni\u010div\u00fd dopad na \u017eivot lid\u00ed. Existuje \u0159ada r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f poruch pam\u011bti, v\u010detn\u011b Alzheimerovy choroby, demence a amn\u00e9zie. Tyto poruchy mohou zp\u016fsobovat \u0159adu p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b ztr\u00e1ty pam\u011bti, zmatenosti a pot\u00ed\u017e\u00ed s my\u0161len\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Budoucnost v\u00fdzkumu pam\u011bti<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u00fdzkum pam\u011bti je rychle se rozv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00ed oblast. V\u011bdci d\u011blaj\u00ed nov\u00e9 objevy o tom, jak se vzpom\u00ednky vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed, ukl\u00e1daj\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed. Tento v\u00fdzkum vede k v\u00fdvoji nov\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f l\u00e9\u010dby poruch pam\u011bti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jak funguj\u00ed a m\u011bn\u00ed se vzpom\u00ednky Poddajnost pam\u011bti Na\u0161e vzpom\u00ednky nejsou pevn\u00e9 a nem\u011bnn\u00e9, ale jsou neust\u00e1le tvarov\u00e1ny a p\u0159etv\u00e1\u0159eny na\u0161imi zku\u0161enostmi. Tomu se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 poddajnost pam\u011bti. Jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[411],"tags":[1579,539,3657,22485,22484],"class_list":["post-17030","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-neuroscience","tag-neuroscience","tag-memory","tag-ptsd","tag-reconsolidation","tag-memory-malleability"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17030","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17030"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17030\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17031,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17030\/revisions\/17031"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17030"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17030"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17030"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}