{"id":17046,"date":"2023-04-22T03:56:40","date_gmt":"2023-04-22T03:56:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17046"},"modified":"2023-04-22T03:56:40","modified_gmt":"2023-04-22T03:56:40","slug":"genetically-modified-mosquitoes-malaria-control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/biotechnology\/genetically-modified-mosquitoes-malaria-control\/","title":{"rendered":"Geneticky modifikovan\u00ed kom\u00e1\u0159i: Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zbra\u0148 proti mal\u00e1rii"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Geneticky modifikovan\u00e9 kom\u00e1ry: potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zbra\u0148 proti mal\u00e1rii<\/h2>\n\n<p>Mal\u00e1rie, smrteln\u00e1 nemoc p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1 kom\u00e1ry, ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159iprav\u00ed o \u017eivot stovky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. I kdy\u017e existuj\u00ed l\u00e9ky k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b mal\u00e1rie, kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 je prevence. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci nyn\u00ed zkoumaj\u00ed inovativn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak bojovat proti p\u0159enosu mal\u00e1rie pomoc\u00ed geneticky modifikovan\u00fdch kom\u00e1r\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Genov\u00e1 editace k prevenci mal\u00e1rie<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jeden slibn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup zahrnuje pou\u017eit\u00ed technologie editace gen\u016f, jako je CRISPR, ke zm\u011bn\u011b gen\u016f kom\u00e1r\u016f. V\u011bdci z University of California vyvinuli metodu, jak vlo\u017eit modifikovan\u00fd gen do kom\u00e1r\u016f, \u010d\u00edm\u017e je u\u010din\u00ed neschopn\u00fdmi p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et malarick\u00e9ho parazita. Tento gen m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n potomstvu, co\u017e potenci\u00e1ln\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed p\u0159irozenou bari\u00e9ru proti malarick\u00e9 infekci.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Genov\u00e1 editace ke kontrole populac\u00ed kom\u00e1r\u016f<\/h3>\n\n<p>Jin\u00e1 v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 skupina z Imperial College London zvolila jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup. Jejich c\u00edlem je vytvo\u0159it neplodn\u00e9 kom\u00e1ry pomoc\u00ed technologie CRISPR. Tito kom\u00e1\u0159i mohou st\u00e1le p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161et parazita, ale nemohou se rozmno\u017eovat. Pokud by byli vypu\u0161t\u011bni do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody, mohli by se k\u0159\u00ed\u017eit s divok\u00fdmi kom\u00e1ry a nakonec tento druh vyhubit.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mo\u017en\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 dopady<\/h3>\n\n<p>I kdy\u017e tyto genetick\u00e9 modifikace slibuj\u00ed kontrolu mal\u00e1rie, byly vzneseny obavy ohledn\u011b jejich mo\u017en\u00fdch ekologick\u00fdch dopad\u016f. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci se ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee odstran\u011bn\u00ed jednoho druhu kom\u00e1r\u016f by mohlo naru\u0161it rovnov\u00e1hu p\u0159\u00edrody. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v\u0161ak tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee c\u00edlov\u00fd druh je pouze jedn\u00edm z mnoha v Africe a jeho odstran\u011bn\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nezp\u016fsob\u00ed zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Potenci\u00e1l CRISPR<\/h3>\n\n<p>Tyto studie ukazuj\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l technologie CRISPR v boji proti nemocem p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00fdm vektory, jako je mal\u00e1rie. P\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e budou tito geneticky modifikovan\u00ed kom\u00e1\u0159i vypu\u0161t\u011bni do voln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edrody, jsou v\u0161ak zapot\u0159eb\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkumy a testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdhody geneticky modifikovan\u00fdch kom\u00e1r\u016f<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zabr\u00e1nit kom\u00e1r\u016fm v p\u0159enosu malarick\u00e9ho parazita<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017eit p\u0159enos mal\u00e1rie<\/li>\n<li>Potenci\u00e1ln\u011b odstranit ur\u010dit\u00e9 druhy kom\u00e1r\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Nab\u00eddnout n\u00e1kladov\u011b efektivn\u00ed a udr\u017eiteln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ke kontrole mal\u00e1rie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00fdzvy a \u00favahy<\/h3>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mo\u017en\u00e9 ekologick\u00e9 dopady<\/li>\n<li>Etick\u00e9 obavy ohledn\u011b zm\u011bny genetick\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy \u017eiv\u00fdch organism\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Nutnost rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyhodnocen\u00ed p\u0159ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm<\/li>\n<li>Mo\u017enost vzniku rezistence u kom\u00e1r\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h3>\n\n<p>Geneticky modifikovan\u00ed kom\u00e1\u0159i nab\u00edzej\u00ed slibn\u00fd nov\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro kontrolu mal\u00e1rie. Vyu\u017eit\u00edm technologie editace gen\u016f zkoumaj\u00ed v\u011bdci inovativn\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak zabr\u00e1nit p\u0159enosu mal\u00e1rie a potenci\u00e1ln\u011b tuto nemoc vym\u00fdtit. Aby se v\u0161ak vy\u0159e\u0161ila potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed rizika a zajistilo odpov\u011bdn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e9to technologie, je t\u0159eba prov\u00e9st pe\u010dliv\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkum.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Geneticky modifikovan\u00e9 kom\u00e1ry: potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed zbra\u0148 proti mal\u00e1rii Mal\u00e1rie, smrteln\u00e1 nemoc p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en\u00e1 kom\u00e1ry, ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b p\u0159iprav\u00ed o \u017eivot stovky tis\u00edc lid\u00ed. I kdy\u017e existuj\u00ed l\u00e9ky k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b mal\u00e1rie, kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 je prevence. V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1763],"tags":[4825,4826,22501,3706,15716,342],"class_list":["post-17046","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-biotechnology","tag-crispr","tag-gene-editing","tag-genetically-modified-mosquitoes","tag-malaria","tag-vector-borne-diseases","tag-life-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17046","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17046"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17046\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17047,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17046\/revisions\/17047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17046"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17046"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17046"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}