Vincent van Gogh, proslul\u00fd impresionistick\u00fd mal\u00ed\u0159, je \u010dasto p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n pro sv\u016fj bou\u0159liv\u00fd vztah se sv\u00fdm bratrem Theem. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, jeho t\u0159i sestry \u2014 Anna, Elisabeth (Lies) a Willemien (Wil) \u2014 tak\u00e9 hr\u00e1ly v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 role v jeho \u017eivot\u011b a um\u011bn\u00ed. Nov\u00e1 kniha nizozemsk\u00e9ho historika um\u011bn\u00ed Willema-Jana Verlindena vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy t\u011bchto \u017een prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jejich d\u0159\u00edve nepublikovan\u00fdch dopis\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Anna, nejstar\u0161\u00ed sestra, byla siln\u00e1 a nez\u00e1visl\u00e1 \u017eena, kter\u00e1 poskytovala emocion\u00e1ln\u00ed podporu sv\u00fdm sourozenc\u016fm. Lies, prost\u0159edn\u00ed sestra, byla zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pro svou inteligenci a um\u011bleck\u00fd talent. Wil, nejmlad\u0161\u00ed, byla svobodn\u00e1 a dobrodru\u017en\u00e1 du\u0161e, kter\u00e1 sd\u00edlela Vincentovu l\u00e1sku k um\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Verlindenova kniha, p\u0159\u00edzna\u010dn\u011b nazvan\u00e1 \u201eSestry Van Goghovy\u201c, \u010derp\u00e1 ze stovek t\u011bchto dopis\u016f, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e9 jsou poprv\u00e9 publikov\u00e1ny v angli\u010dtin\u011b. Nab\u00edzej\u00ed pohled na m\u011bn\u00edc\u00ed se role \u017een v 19. a po\u010d\u00e1tkem 20. stolet\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako na rodinn\u00fd boj s du\u0161evn\u00edmi nemocemi a Vincentov\u00fdm strm\u00fdm vzestupem ke sl\u00e1v\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Wil van Goghov\u00e1 byla obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed postavou. Hodn\u011b cestovala, pracovala jako zdravotn\u00ed sestra, guvernantka a u\u010ditelka a byla aktivn\u00ed v ran\u00e9m feministick\u00e9m hnut\u00ed v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei. Jej\u00ed dopisy odhaluj\u00ed jej\u00ed \u00fazk\u00e9 pouto s Vincentem, stejn\u011b jako jej\u00ed vlastn\u00ed boj s du\u0161evn\u00ed nemoc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Po Vincentov\u011b smrti v roce 1890 byla Wilina l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 p\u00e9\u010de financov\u00e1na z prodeje 17 obraz\u016f jej\u00edho bratra. Toto p\u0159ekvapiv\u00e9 odhalen\u00ed vrh\u00e1 sv\u011btlo na finan\u010dn\u00ed pot\u00ed\u017ee, kter\u00fdm rodina Van Goghov\u00fdch \u010delila, a na hodnotu Vincentova um\u011bn\u00ed i za jeho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n
Wilino um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed do \u00fastavu v roce 1902 p\u0159edstavovalo tragick\u00fd zvrat v jej\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b. S diagn\u00f3zou \u201eDementia praecox\u201c str\u00e1vila zb\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i desetilet\u00ed sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota v psychiatrick\u00e9m za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kde dost\u00e1vala nedostate\u010dnou p\u00e9\u010di.<\/p>\n\n
Vincent i Wil van Goghovi trp\u011bli t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdmi du\u0161evn\u00edmi nemocemi, kter\u00e9 se s v\u011bkem zhor\u0161ovaly. Vincentovy boje s panick\u00fdmi ataky a halucinacemi jsou dob\u0159e zdokumentov\u00e1ny a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee jeho \u00fazkost a deprese mohly m\u00edt genetick\u00fd z\u00e1klad.<\/p>\n\n
Wilina nemoc, p\u016fvodn\u011b diagnostikovan\u00e1 jako \u201eDementia praecox\u201c, by se dnes pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b l\u00e9\u010dila l\u00e9ky nebo hum\u00e1nn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed. Jej\u00ed um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed do \u00fastavu zd\u016fraz\u0148uje omezen\u00e9 porozum\u011bn\u00ed a mo\u017enosti l\u00e9\u010dby du\u0161evn\u00edch nemoc\u00ed v 19. stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Navzdory v\u00fdzv\u00e1m, kter\u00fdm \u010delily, na\u0161ly sestry Van Goghovy \u00fat\u011bchu v um\u011bn\u00ed. Vincentovy obrazy \u010dasto zobrazovaly \u010dleny jeho rodiny, v\u010detn\u011b Wil. Jedno pozoruhodn\u00e9 d\u00edlo, \u201eVzpom\u00ednka na zahradu v Ettenu\u201c, zachycuje dv\u011b \u017eeny kr\u00e1\u010dej\u00edc\u00ed po cest\u011b, o nich\u017e se v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed Wil a jejich matku.<\/p>\n\n
V dopise Wil Vincent podrobn\u011b popsal barvy a kompozici obrazu a vysv\u011btlil, jak je pou\u017eil k vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00fdch emoc\u00ed a vzpom\u00ednek. Tento dopis poskytuje jedine\u010dn\u00fd pohled do Vincentova um\u011bleck\u00e9ho procesu a jeho hlubok\u00e9 n\u00e1klonnosti k jeho sestr\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 dlouho byly \u017eivoty sester Vincenta van Gogha zast\u00edn\u011bny jeho vlastn\u00edm. \u201eSestry Van Goghovy\u201c od Willema-Jana Verlindena napravuj\u00ed tuto nerovnov\u00e1hu a nab\u00edzej\u00ed p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00fd portr\u00e9t t\u0159\u00ed pozoruhodn\u00fdch \u017een, jejich\u017e p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy si zaslou\u017e\u00ed b\u00fdt vypr\u00e1v\u011bny.<\/p>\n\n
Prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm jejich dopis\u016f z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1me hlub\u0161\u00ed pochopen\u00ed v\u00fdzev a triumf\u016f, kter\u00fdm \u017eeny \u010delily na konci 19. stolet\u00ed, slo\u017eit\u00e9 dynamiky rodinn\u00fdch vztah\u016f a trval\u00e9 s\u00edly um\u011bn\u00ed spojovat a l\u00e9\u010dit.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Sestry Vincenta van Gogha: Jejich \u017eivoty a odkaz odhalen\u00e9 prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm dopis\u016f Vincent van Gogh, proslul\u00fd impresionistick\u00fd mal\u00ed\u0159, je \u010dasto p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1n pro sv\u016fj bou\u0159liv\u00fd vztah se sv\u00fdm bratrem Theem. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, jeho…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[710],"tags":[1378,25,27,169,7741,22582,9,2252],"class_list":["post-17105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-art-history","tag-biography","tag-mental-health","tag-history","tag-womens-history","tag-letters","tag-sisters","tag-art","tag-vincent-van-gogh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17105"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17106,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17105\/revisions\/17106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}