{"id":17151,"date":"2023-11-20T19:59:32","date_gmt":"2023-11-20T19:59:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17151"},"modified":"2023-11-20T19:59:32","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T19:59:32","slug":"ancient-sheep-poop-reveals-pre-viking-settlement-in-the-faroe-islands","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/archaeology\/ancient-sheep-poop-reveals-pre-viking-settlement-in-the-faroe-islands\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159edvikingovsk\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00ed objeveno na Faersk\u00fdch ostrovech"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prastar\u00e9 ov\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdkaly odhaluj\u00ed p\u0159edvikingovsk\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00ed na Faersk\u00fdch ostrovech<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edjezd Kelt\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Faersk\u00e9 ostrovy, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed mezi Norskem a Islandem v severn\u00edm Atlantiku, byly kdysi pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za poprv\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00e9 Vikingy kolem roku 850 n. l. Nov\u00fd v\u00fdzkum v\u0161ak odhalil d\u016fkazy nazna\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed, \u017ee ostrovy byly os\u00eddleny o stalet\u00ed d\u0159\u00edve Kelty.<\/p>\n\n

Anal\u00fdza star\u00fdch ov\u010d\u00edch v\u00fdkal\u016f nalezen\u00fdch na dn\u011b jezera na ostrov\u011b Eysturoy odhalila p\u0159\u00edtomnost domestikovan\u00fdch ovc\u00ed mezi lety 492 a 512 n. l. Tento objev spolu s absenc\u00ed jak\u00fdchkoli zn\u00e1mek \u017eivota savc\u016f na ostrovech p\u0159ed p\u00e1t\u00fdm stolet\u00edm nazna\u010duje, \u017ee ovce musely b\u00fdt p\u0159ivezeny osadn\u00edky.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fkazy z oho\u0159el\u00fdch je\u010dmenn\u00fdch zrn<\/h2>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00edm potvrzen\u00edm p\u0159edvikingovsk\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edtomnosti na Faersk\u00fdch ostrovech je studie z roku 2013 o oho\u0159el\u00fdch je\u010dmenn\u00fdch zrnech objeven\u00fdch pod podlahou vikingsk\u00e9ho dlouh\u00e9ho domu na ostrov\u011b Sandoy. Tato zrna byla datov\u00e1na do obdob\u00ed 300 a\u017e 500 let p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem seversk\u00fdch osadn\u00edk\u016f do regionu.<\/p>\n\n

Dal\u0161\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1znaky ran\u00e9ho os\u00eddlen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

St\u0159edov\u011bk\u00e9 texty nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee ir\u0161t\u00ed mni\u0161i mohli dorazit na Faersk\u00e9 ostrovy na po\u010d\u00e1tku \u0161est\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed. Krom\u011b toho byly na ostrovech nalezeny nedatovan\u00e9 keltsk\u00e9 n\u00e1hrobn\u00ed kameny a m\u00edstn\u00ed n\u00e1zvy. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci tak\u00e9 spekulovali, \u017ee \u201eOstrov blahoslaven\u00fdch\u201c, m\u00edsto nav\u0161t\u00edven\u00e9 svat\u00fdm Brendanem mezi lety 512 a 530 n. l., se mohlo nach\u00e1zet na Faersk\u00fdch ostrovech.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fkazy DNA<\/h2>\n\n

Anal\u00fdza DNA sou\u010dasn\u00fdch obyvatel Faersk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f ukazuje, \u017ee jejich otcovsk\u00e9 p\u0159edky jsou p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b skandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9, zat\u00edmco jejich mate\u0159sk\u00e9 DNA je p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b britsk\u00e9 nebo irsk\u00e9. To by mohlo b\u00fdt zn\u00e1mkou toho, \u017ee Vikingov\u00e9 p\u0159ivezli na sv\u00fdch cest\u00e1ch neskandin\u00e1vsk\u00e9 \u017eeny nebo \u017ee se nov\u011b p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed sm\u00edchali s existuj\u00edc\u00ed populac\u00ed keltsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu.<\/p>\n\n

Zm\u011bny \u017eivotn\u00edho prost\u0159ed\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Zaveden\u00ed ovc\u00ed na Faersk\u00e9 ostrovy m\u011blo v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na m\u00edstn\u00ed \u017eivotn\u00ed prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Anal\u00fdza sediment\u00e1rn\u00edch jader z jezera na Eysturoy ukazuje, \u017ee d\u0159eviny jako vrba, jalovec a b\u0159\u00edza v dob\u011b p\u0159\u00edchodu ovc\u00ed vymizely. Tyto rostliny byly nahrazeny travnatou vegetac\u00ed vhodnou pro pastvu.<\/p>\n\n

D\u016fsledky pro budouc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum<\/h2>\n\n

Objev p\u0159edvikingovsk\u00e9ho os\u00eddlen\u00ed na Faersk\u00fdch ostrovech otev\u00edr\u00e1 nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v\u00fdzkumu. Archeolog Kevin Edwards z University of Aberdeen navrhuje, \u017ee budouc\u00ed studie by se mohly zam\u011b\u0159it na identifikaci p\u016fvodu keltsk\u00fdch osadn\u00edk\u016f a zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed jejich interakc\u00ed s Vikingy, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li pozd\u011bji.<\/p>\n\n

Role d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 plavby<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159\u00edjezd Kelt\u016f na Faersk\u00e9 ostrovy dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 v\u00fdznam d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 plavby p\u0159i pr\u016fzkumu a os\u00eddlov\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch zem\u00ed. Vikingov\u00e9, navzdory sv\u00e9 pov\u011bsti zku\u0161en\u00fdch n\u00e1mo\u0159n\u00edk\u016f, p\u0159ijali d\u00e1lkovou plavbu a\u017e v letech 750 a\u017e 820 n. l., tedy pozd\u011bji ne\u017e n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed jin\u00ed Evropan\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

D\u016fkazy p\u0159edlo\u017een\u00e9 v tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku siln\u011b nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee Faersk\u00e9 ostrovy byly os\u00eddleny Kelty stalet\u00ed p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edchodem Viking\u016f. Tento objev poskytuje fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed pohled do slo\u017eit\u00e9 historie lidsk\u00e9ho os\u00eddlen\u00ed v severn\u00edm Atlantiku a vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky o interakc\u00edch mezi r\u016fzn\u00fdmi kulturami v tomto odlehl\u00e9m regionu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prastar\u00e9 ov\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdkaly odhaluj\u00ed p\u0159edvikingovsk\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00ed na Faersk\u00fdch ostrovech P\u0159\u00edjezd Kelt\u016f Faersk\u00e9 ostrovy, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed mezi Norskem a Islandem v severn\u00edm Atlantiku, byly kdysi pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za poprv\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00e9 Vikingy…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[18189,88,22636,188,1256,22635,1714,5153,22637,564,1643,7643],"class_list":["post-17151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archaeology","tag-dna-analysis","tag-archaeology","tag-faroe-islands","tag-genetics","tag-historical-research","tag-celts","tag-human-migration","tag-sheep","tag-pre-viking-era","tag-exploration","tag-ancient-history","tag-vikings"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17151"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17152,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17151\/revisions\/17152"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}