{"id":17405,"date":"2023-09-17T22:22:26","date_gmt":"2023-09-17T22:22:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17405"},"modified":"2023-09-17T22:22:26","modified_gmt":"2023-09-17T22:22:26","slug":"invasive-mosquito-species-found-florida-after-75-years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/ecology\/invasive-mosquito-species-found-florida-after-75-years\/","title":{"rendered":"Na Florid\u011b objeven nov\u00fd invazivn\u00ed druh kom\u00e1ra po 75 letech"},"content":{"rendered":"

V invazivn\u00edm druhu kom\u00e1r\u016f nalezen\u00e9m na Florid\u011b se po 75 letech<\/h2>\n\n

Objev a identifikace<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159i v\u00fdznamn\u00e9m n\u00e1lezu objevili entomologov\u00e9 na Florid\u011b poprv\u00e9 za 75 let nov\u00fd invazivn\u00ed druh kom\u00e1ra, Aedes scapularis. Tento druh kom\u00e1ra byl poprv\u00e9 zji\u0161t\u011bn v listopadu minul\u00e9ho roku ve dvou okresech na Florid\u011b. Podrobn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, v\u010detn\u011b anal\u00fdzy DNA, potvrdila identifikaci druhu.<\/p>\n\n

Potenci\u00e1l pro p\u0159enos nemoc\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Aedes scapularis je zn\u00e1m\u00fdm p\u0159ena\u0161e\u010dem n\u011bkolika nemoc\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b \u017elut\u00e9 zimnice. P\u0159esto\u017ee na Florid\u011b zat\u00edm nebyly hl\u00e1\u0161eny \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady p\u0159enosu nemoci, odborn\u00edci situaci bedliv\u011b sleduj\u00ed. P\u0159ednost kom\u00e1ra pro lidsk\u00e1 prost\u0159ed\u00ed a jeho schopnost kousat v\u00edce hostitel\u016f zvy\u0161uje riziko vypuknut\u00ed nemoci.<\/p>\n\n

Modelov\u00e1n\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 niky a p\u0159edpov\u011b\u010f \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci pou\u017eili modelov\u00e1n\u00ed ekologick\u00e9 niky k p\u0159edpov\u011bdi potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed Aedes scapularis. Jejich zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee se kom\u00e1r by mohl nakonec roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159it do nejm\u00e9n\u011b 16 okres\u016f na Florid\u011b, jako\u017e i do ji\u017en\u00ed Alabamy, Mississippi a Louisiany. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edmi faktory ke schopnosti kom\u00e1ra \u0161\u00ed\u0159it se jsou zm\u011bna klimatu a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fd pohyb lid\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Historie invazivn\u00edch kom\u00e1r\u016f na Florid\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Florida m\u00e1 historii invazivn\u00edch druh\u016f kom\u00e1r\u016f zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00edch vypuknut\u00ed nemoc\u00ed. V roce 2013 byla hore\u010dka dengue spojov\u00e1na s kom\u00e1rem Aedes aegypti. P\u0159\u00edpady viru Zika byly hl\u00e1\u0161eny tak\u00e9 na Florid\u011b v letech 2016 a 2017, \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 kom\u00e1ry Aedes aegypti a Aedes albopictus.<\/p>\n\n

Monitorov\u00e1n\u00ed a prevence<\/h2>\n\n

Zdravotni\u010dt\u00ed pracovn\u00edci pe\u010dliv\u011b sleduj\u00ed populaci Aedes scapularis na Florid\u011b a prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed dohled, aby odhalili jak\u00e9koli zn\u00e1mky p\u0159enosu nemoci. Programy kontroly kom\u00e1r\u016f implementuj\u00ed opat\u0159en\u00ed k prevenci \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed kom\u00e1r\u016f, jako je nastra\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed past\u00ed a post\u0159ik insekticid\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Specifick\u00e9 vlastnosti Aedes scapularis<\/h2>\n\n

Aedes scapularis je agresivn\u00ed kom\u00e1r, kter\u00fd se \u010dasto dost\u00e1v\u00e1 dovnit\u0159 prostor. Je zn\u00e1m\u00fd sv\u00fdm v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm zbarven\u00edm, kter\u00e9 pom\u00e1h\u00e1 v\u011bdc\u016fm jej identifikovat. Kom\u00e1r d\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159ednost tomu \u017eivit se lidmi a je nejaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed b\u011bhem dne a noci.<\/p>\n\n

Zm\u011bna klimatu a invazivn\u00ed kom\u00e1\u0159i<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee zm\u011bna klimatu je hlavn\u00edm faktorem p\u0159isp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edm k \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed invazivn\u00edch kom\u00e1r\u016f. Teplej\u0161\u00ed teploty a zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed kom\u00e1r\u016f. Pohyb lid\u00ed, jako je cestov\u00e1n\u00ed a obchod, m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 usnadnit zavle\u010den\u00ed nov\u00fdch druh\u016f kom\u00e1r\u016f do r\u016fzn\u00fdch oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum a dohled<\/h2>\n\n

V\u00fdzkumn\u00edci pokra\u010duj\u00ed ve studiu Aedes scapularis, aby l\u00e9pe porozum\u011bli jeho biologii a potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmu dopadu na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Neust\u00e1l\u00e9 \u00fasil\u00ed o dohled je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro odhalen\u00ed jak\u00fdchkoli zn\u00e1mek p\u0159enosu nemoci a implementaci vhodn\u00fdch kontroln\u00edch opat\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam informovanosti ve\u0159ejnosti<\/h2>\n\n

Informovanost ve\u0159ejnosti je nezbytn\u00e1 pro prevenci \u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed invazivn\u00edch kom\u00e1r\u016f. Obyvatel\u00e9 by m\u011bli podniknout kroky ke sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed m\u00edst rozmno\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed kom\u00e1r\u016f kolem sv\u00fdch domov\u016f a podnik\u016f, jako je odstran\u011bn\u00ed stojat\u00e9 vody a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed repelent\u016f proti kom\u00e1r\u016fm. Krom\u011b toho m\u016f\u017ee hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed jak\u00e9koli neobvykl\u00e9 aktivity kom\u00e1r\u016f m\u00edstn\u00edm zdravotnick\u00fdm org\u00e1n\u016fm pomoci s v\u010dasn\u00fdm odhalen\u00edm a kontroln\u00edmi opat\u0159en\u00edmi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V invazivn\u00edm druhu kom\u00e1r\u016f nalezen\u00e9m na Florid\u011b se po 75 letech Objev a identifikace P\u0159i v\u00fdznamn\u00e9m n\u00e1lezu objevili entomologov\u00e9 na Florid\u011b poprv\u00e9 za 75 let nov\u00fd invazivn\u00ed druh kom\u00e1ra, Aedes…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[590],"tags":[22888,4421,178,2257,34],"class_list":["post-17405","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology","tag-invasive-mosquitoes","tag-disease-transmission","tag-public-health","tag-yellow-fever","tag-climate-change"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17405","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17405"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17405\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17406,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17405\/revisions\/17406"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17405"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17405"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17405"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}