{"id":17556,"date":"2019-08-14T16:31:48","date_gmt":"2019-08-14T16:31:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17556"},"modified":"2019-08-14T16:31:48","modified_gmt":"2019-08-14T16:31:48","slug":"sixth-mass-extinction-consequences-and-prevention","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/ecology\/sixth-mass-extinction-consequences-and-prevention\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0160est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed: Co to znamen\u00e1 pro lidi a planetu?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0160est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed: Co to znamen\u00e1 pro lidi a planetu?<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co je \u0161est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee stoj\u00edme na pokraji \u0161est\u00e9ho masov\u00e9ho vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e1 povede ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti druh\u016f na Zemi. Je to po\u0161est\u00e9 v historii Zem\u011b, kdy doch\u00e1z\u00ed k masov\u00e9mu vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, a je to poprv\u00e9, kdy jsou jeho hlavn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinou lid\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co zp\u016fsobuje masov\u00e1 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Masov\u00e1 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed jsou zp\u016fsobena \u0159adou faktor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zm\u011bna klimatu<\/li>\n<li>Ztr\u00e1ta stanovi\u0161\u0165<\/li>\n<li>Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 exploatace<\/li>\n<li>Zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Invazivn\u00ed druhy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u010c\u00edm se \u0161est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed li\u0161\u00ed od p\u0159edchoz\u00edch masov\u00fdch vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0160est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed je jedine\u010dn\u00e9 v n\u011bkolika ohledech. Za prv\u00e9, doch\u00e1z\u00ed k n\u011bmu mnohem rychleji ne\u017e k p\u0159edchoz\u00edm masov\u00fdm vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00edm. Za druh\u00e9, je zp\u016fsobeno lidskou \u010dinnost\u00ed, nikoli p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi katastrofami. Za t\u0159et\u00ed, postihuje \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed spektrum druh\u016f ne\u017e p\u0159edchoz\u00ed masov\u00e1 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e9 jsou d\u016fsledky \u0161est\u00e9ho masov\u00e9ho vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0160est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed bude m\u00edt zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed dopad na planetu a jej\u00ed obyvatele. Povede ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b biologick\u00e9 rozmanitosti, co\u017e bude m\u00edt kask\u00e1dov\u00fd efekt na ekosyst\u00e9my a slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed lidem. Tak\u00e9 zt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed lidem p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se zm\u011bn\u011b klimatu a dal\u0161\u00edm environment\u00e1ln\u00edm v\u00fdzv\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat, abychom zabr\u00e1nili \u0161est\u00e9mu masov\u00e9mu vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Existuje \u0159ada v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat, abychom zabr\u00e1nili \u0161est\u00e9mu masov\u00e9mu vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed emis\u00ed sklen\u00edkov\u00fdch plyn\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Ochrana a obnova stanovi\u0161\u0165<\/li>\n<li>Ukon\u010den\u00ed nadm\u011brn\u00e9 exploatace<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zne\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Kontrola invazivn\u00edch druh\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak ovlivn\u00ed \u0161est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed lidskou evoluci?<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0160est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed bude m\u00edt v\u00fdznamn\u00fd dopad na lidskou evoluci. Zt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed lidem p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed a prosperitu v m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edm se prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Povede tak\u00e9 ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b genetick\u00e9 rozmanitosti, co\u017e by mohlo u\u010dinit lidi n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi k nemocem a dal\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00edm probl\u00e9m\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Role velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f v ekosyst\u00e9mech<\/h3>\n\n<p>Velc\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 hraj\u00ed v ekosyst\u00e9mech z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli. Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed kontrolovat populace men\u0161\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, rozptylovat semena a vytv\u00e1\u0159et stanovi\u0161t\u011b pro jin\u00e9 druhy. Ztr\u00e1ta velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k \u0159ad\u011b negativn\u00edch d\u016fsledk\u016f pro ekosyst\u00e9my, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed po\u010dtu \u0161k\u016fdc\u016f a hlodavc\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed rozptylu semen<\/li>\n<li>Ztr\u00e1ta stanovi\u0161\u0165 pro jin\u00e9 druhy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak ztr\u00e1ta velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f ovliv\u0148uje lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Ztr\u00e1ta velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt negativn\u00ed dopad na lidsk\u00e9 zdrav\u00ed. Velc\u00ed \u017eivo\u010dichov\u00e9 jsou zdrojem potravy, l\u00e9k\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f. Pom\u00e1haj\u00ed tak\u00e9 kontrolovat populace \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00edch nemoci. Ztr\u00e1ta velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed potravinov\u00e9 nejistoty<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstupu k l\u00e9\u010div\u016fm<\/li>\n<li>Zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rizika nemoc\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Co m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat pro ochranu velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f?<\/h3>\n\n<p>Existuje \u0159ada v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eeme ud\u011blat pro ochranu velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b:<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ochrana jejich stanovi\u0161\u0165<\/li>\n<li>Sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed lovu a pytl\u00e1ctv\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Kontrola invazivn\u00edch druh\u016f<\/li>\n<li>Vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed lid\u00ed o v\u00fdznamu velk\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>P\u0159ijet\u00edm t\u011bchto opat\u0159en\u00ed m\u016f\u017eeme pomoci zabr\u00e1nit \u0161est\u00e9mu masov\u00e9mu vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed a<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0160est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed: Co to znamen\u00e1 pro lidi a planetu? Co je \u0161est\u00e9 masov\u00e9 vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed? V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee stoj\u00edme na pokraji \u0161est\u00e9ho masov\u00e9ho vym\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed, ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e1 povede ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[590],"tags":[180,23061,34,641],"class_list":["post-17556","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecology","tag-environmental-crisis","tag-sixth-mass-extinction","tag-climate-change","tag-biodiversity-loss"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17556"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17557,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17556\/revisions\/17557"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17556"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17556"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}