{"id":17600,"date":"2021-07-26T21:08:42","date_gmt":"2021-07-26T21:08:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17600"},"modified":"2021-07-26T21:08:42","modified_gmt":"2021-07-26T21:08:42","slug":"ancient-cats-drove-ancient-dogs-to-extinction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/life-science\/ancient-cats-drove-ancient-dogs-to-extinction\/","title":{"rendered":"Zni\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed role prav\u011bk\u00fdch ko\u010dek ve vyhynut\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00fdch ps\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prav\u011bk\u00e9 ko\u010dky: Vin\u00edci za vyhynut\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00fdch ps\u016f<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Konkurence a zm\u011bna klimatu v obdob\u00ed eoc\u00e9nu<\/h2>\n\n<p>B\u011bhem obdob\u00ed eoc\u00e9nu, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 55,8\u201333,9 miliony let, byla Zem\u011b sv\u011bdkem n\u00e1r\u016fstu populace savc\u016f. Prim\u00e1ti se ned\u00e1vno vyvinuli a Severn\u00ed Amerika byla domovem rozmanit\u00e9 \u0161k\u00e1ly ps\u00edch druh\u016f, \u010d\u00edtaj\u00edc\u00edch kolem 30. Nov\u00e1 studie v\u0161ak odhalila, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bchto prav\u011bk\u00fdch ps\u016f vymizela n\u00e1hle asi p\u0159ed 20 miliony let. Vin\u00edk? Ran\u00e9 ko\u010dky.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00daloha konkurence<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco r\u016fzn\u00e9 skupiny maso\u017erav\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f mohly sout\u011b\u017eit se psy, ko\u010dkovit\u00e9 \u0161elmy (ko\u010dky) vykazovaly nejv\u00edce p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010div\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f konkurence, podle v\u00fdpo\u010detn\u00edho biologa a hlavn\u00edho autora Danieleho Silvestra. Aby ur\u010dil konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu vyhynut\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00fdch ps\u016f, Silvestro a jeho t\u00fdm analyzovali p\u0159es 2 000 fosili\u00ed od zv\u00ed\u0159at, kter\u00e1 spolu \u017eila v obdob\u00ed p\u0159ed 20\u201340 miliony let.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Porovn\u00e1n\u00ed typ\u016f t\u011bla<\/h2>\n\n<p>V\u011bdci porovn\u00e1vali typy t\u011bla maso\u017erav\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, jako jsou medv\u011bdi, vlci a velk\u00e9 ko\u010dky, aby identifikovali potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed konkurenty o potravu uprost\u0159ed m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edho se klimatu planety. Prav\u011bk\u00e9 ko\u010dky, zejm\u00e9na fale\u0161n\u00e1 \u0161avlozub\u00e1 ko\u010dka, se uk\u00e1zaly jako hlavn\u00ed podez\u0159el\u00e9. Tyto ko\u010dky byly srovnateln\u00e9 velikosti s psovit\u00fdmi \u0161elmami, konzumovaly podobnou ko\u0159ist a da\u0159ilo se jim ve stejn\u00e9m obdob\u00ed, kdy psi rychle mizely z fosiln\u00edch z\u00e1znam\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zm\u011bna klimatu vs. konkurence<\/h2>\n\n<p>Tradi\u010dn\u011b byla zm\u011bna klimatu pova\u017eov\u00e1na za dominantn\u00ed s\u00edlu v evoluci biodiverzity. Silvestrova studie v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee konkurence mezi druhy maso\u017erav\u00fdch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f hr\u00e1la je\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed roli v \u00fapadku psovit\u00fdch \u0161elem. Navzdory rychle se m\u011bn\u00edc\u00edmu klimatu planety se ko\u010dky uk\u00e1zaly b\u00fdt lep\u0161\u00edmi pred\u00e1tory a vytla\u010dily sv\u00e9 ps\u00ed soupe\u0159e.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vzestup ps\u016f a ko\u010dek<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco ran\u00e9 ko\u010dky mohly dohnat mnoho prav\u011bk\u00fdch druh\u016f ps\u016f k vyhynut\u00ed, psi z\u00edskali v\u00fdhodu d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu partnerstv\u00ed s lidmi. Genetick\u00e9 d\u016fkazy nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee se psi odd\u011blili od vlk\u016f p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 27 000 lety, mnohem d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo. Naproti tomu divok\u00e9 ko\u010dky za\u010daly s lidmi spolupracovat teprve asi p\u0159ed 9 500 lety.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n<p>Rivalita mezi ko\u010dkami a psy sah\u00e1 miliony let zp\u011bt. V obdob\u00ed eoc\u00e9nu hr\u00e1ly ko\u010dky rozhoduj\u00edc\u00ed \u00falohu p\u0159i vyhynut\u00ed \u0159ady prav\u011bk\u00fdch druh\u016f ps\u016f. Konkurence o potravu a zdroje, sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u017e zm\u011bna klimatu, se uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt prim\u00e1rn\u00edm motorem t\u00e9to vyhynul\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti. Zat\u00edmco ko\u010dky zv\u00edt\u011bzily v tomto ran\u00e9m boji, psi nakonec z\u00edskali v\u00fdhodu d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu jedine\u010dn\u00e9mu vztahu s lidmi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prav\u011bk\u00e9 ko\u010dky: Vin\u00edci za vyhynut\u00ed prav\u011bk\u00fdch ps\u016f Konkurence a zm\u011bna klimatu v obdob\u00ed eoc\u00e9nu B\u011bhem obdob\u00ed eoc\u00e9nu, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b p\u0159ed 55,8\u201333,9 miliony let, byla Zem\u011b sv\u011bdkem n\u00e1r\u016fstu populace savc\u016f. Prim\u00e1ti se&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[398],"tags":[23120,136,23121,3162,137,5638,141,17918,7077,23119,911,342,400],"class_list":["post-17600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-life-science","tag-eocene-era","tag-evolution","tag-felids","tag-competition","tag-paleontology","tag-predation","tag-natural-history","tag-ancient-dogs","tag-mammals","tag-ancient-cats","tag-science-art","tag-life-science","tag-extinction"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17600"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17600\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17601,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17600\/revisions\/17601"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}