V roce 1994 objevil paleontolog Ron Clarke \u010dty\u0159i drobn\u00e9 \u00falomky kotn\u00edk\u016f v krabici s fos\u00edliemi ze syst\u00e9mu jeskyn\u00ed Sterkfontein v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe. V p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee poch\u00e1zej\u00ed od ran\u00e9ho lidsk\u00e9ho p\u0159edka, hledal dal\u0161\u00ed kosti a nakonec na\u0161el t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 kompletn\u00ed kostru ulo\u017eenou v materi\u00e1lu podobn\u00e9m betonu zvan\u00e9m brekcie.<\/p>\n\n
Proces vykop\u00e1vek byl pracn\u00fd a zdlouhav\u00fd. Clarke a jeho t\u00fdm pou\u017eili mal\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, jako jsou jehly, k pe\u010dliv\u00e9mu odstran\u011bn\u00ed k\u0159ehk\u00fdch \u00falomk\u016f z kamene. Trvalo a\u017e do roku 2012, ne\u017e se poda\u0159ilo lokalizovat a odstranit v\u0161echny stopy fos\u00edlie, kter\u00e1 dostala jm\u00e9no \u201eLittle Foot\u201c.<\/p>\n\n
Little Foot je jednou z nejkompletn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch koster lidsk\u00e9ho p\u0159edka, kter\u00e1 kdy byla nalezena. Zat\u00edmco Lucy, slavn\u00e1 kostra ran\u00e9ho hominida objeven\u00e1 v Etiopii v 70. letech 20. stolet\u00ed, je kompletn\u00ed pouze zhruba z 40 %, Little Foot je \u00fa\u017easn\u00fdch 90 % kompletn\u00ed a st\u00e1le m\u00e1 hlavu.<\/p>\n\n
Tato pozoruhodn\u00e1 \u00faplnost umo\u017enila v\u011bdc\u016fm z\u00edskat neb\u00fdval\u00e9 poznatky o anatomii a chov\u00e1n\u00ed ran\u00fdch hominid\u016f. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee Little Foot p\u0159edstavuje jin\u00fd druh Australopitheca ne\u017e Lucy a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt star\u0161\u00ed, datov\u00e1n do doby p\u0159ed 3,67 miliony let.<\/p>\n\n
Datov\u00e1n\u00ed Little Foot bylo p\u0159edm\u011btem kontroverz\u00ed. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u011bdci zpochybnili p\u0159esnost metod pou\u017eit\u00fdch ke stanoven\u00ed jej\u00edho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. Clarke a jeho t\u00fdm si v\u0161ak stoj\u00ed za sv\u00fdmi zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00edmi, kter\u00e1 nazna\u010duj\u00ed, \u017ee Little Foot m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt jednou z nejstar\u0161\u00edch a nejkompletn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch fos\u00edli\u00ed hominid\u016f, kter\u00e9 kdy byly objeveny.<\/p>\n\n
Objev Little Foot tak\u00e9 znovu rozho\u0159el debatu o m\u00edst\u011b ran\u00e9 lidsk\u00e9 evoluce. Tradi\u010dn\u011b byla kol\u00e9bkou lidstva pova\u017eov\u00e1na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afrika. Objev Little Foot a dal\u0161\u00edch fosili\u00ed v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee lidsk\u00e1 evoluce mohla prob\u00edhat na v\u00edce m\u00edstech.<\/p>\n\n
Po 20 letech vykop\u00e1vek a \u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed byl Little Foot poprv\u00e9 vystaven ve\u0159ejnosti v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe v Hominin Vault v institutu evolu\u010dn\u00edch studi\u00ed na univerzit\u011b Witwatersrand v Johannesburgu. Odhalen\u00ed Little Foot vyvolalo obrovsk\u00e9 nad\u0161en\u00ed mezi v\u011bdci i ve\u0159ejnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
P\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok t\u00fdm zkoumaj\u00edc\u00ed Little Foot o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 25 v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed o t\u00e9to fosilii. Tyto pr\u00e1ce jist\u011b rozproud\u00ed prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed debatu o lidsk\u00e9 evoluci a vrhnou nov\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na n\u00e1\u0161 p\u016fvod.<\/p>\n\n
Objev Little Foot zrevolucionizoval na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed ran\u00fdch hominid\u016f. Jeho pozoruhodn\u00e1 \u00faplnost poskytla velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed informac\u00ed o jejich anatomii, chov\u00e1n\u00ed a evolu\u010dn\u00edch vztaz\u00edch. Pokra\u010duj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00fdzkum Little Foot slibuje, \u017ee je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce prohloub\u00ed na\u0161e znalosti o lidsk\u00e9 evoluci a na\u0161em m\u00edst\u011b v p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Little Foot: Nejkomplet\u011bj\u0161\u00ed fos\u00edlie Australopitheca Objev a vykop\u00e1vky V roce 1994 objevil paleontolog Ron Clarke \u010dty\u0159i drobn\u00e9 \u00falomky kotn\u00edk\u016f v krabici s fos\u00edliemi ze syst\u00e9mu jeskyn\u00ed Sterkfontein v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe.…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":24390,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[138],"tags":[132,23254,2702,487,23253,137],"class_list":["post-17718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paleontology","tag-anthropology","tag-australopithecus","tag-fossil","tag-human-evolution","tag-little-foot","tag-paleontology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17718"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17718\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":24391,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17718\/revisions\/24391"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24390"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}