{"id":17884,"date":"2022-10-06T23:10:21","date_gmt":"2022-10-06T23:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17884"},"modified":"2022-10-06T23:10:21","modified_gmt":"2022-10-06T23:10:21","slug":"airplane-cures-deafness-historical-perspective","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/medical-science\/airplane-cures-deafness-historical-perspective\/","title":{"rendered":"Leteck\u00e9 k\u00fary: Historick\u00e1 perspektiva na l\u00e9\u010dbu hluchoty a \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch vad"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leteck\u00e9 k\u00fary: Historick\u00e1 perspektiva na l\u00e9\u010dbu hluchoty a \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch vad<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Po\u010d\u00e1tky leteck\u00e9 terapie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed bylo letectv\u00ed st\u00e1le novou technologi\u00ed a jeho potenci\u00e1l pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 aplikace se teprve za\u010d\u00ednal zkoumat. Jednou z nejneobvyklej\u0161\u00edch a nejv\u00edce kontroverzn\u00edch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch metod, kter\u00e9 se v tomto obdob\u00ed objevily, bylo vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed let\u016f letadlem k l\u00e9\u010den\u00ed hluchoty a \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch vad.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8220;Leteck\u00fd l\u00e9k&#8221; na hluchotu<\/h2>\n\n<p>My\u0161lenka, \u017ee lety letadlem by mohly vyl\u00e9\u010dit hluchotu, vznikla na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. let 20. stolet\u00ed, kdy l\u00e9ka\u0159i za\u010dali p\u0159edepisovat lety jako l\u00e9\u010dbu hysterie. Teorie byla takov\u00e1, \u017ee n\u00e1hl\u00e9 zm\u011bny nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky a intenzivn\u00ed leteck\u00e1 akrobacie \u0161okuj\u00ed pacienta a zbav\u00ed ho jeho psychologick\u00fdch symptom\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b ztr\u00e1ty sluchu.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f leteck\u00e9 k\u00fary byl Henry A. Renz ml., 22let\u00fd veter\u00e1n, kter\u00fd ztratil hlas po v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m zran\u011bn\u00ed. Po jedin\u00e9m letu letadlem, kter\u00fd zahrnoval st\u0159emhlav\u00e9 lety a v\u00fdkruty, Renz \u00fadajn\u011b znovu z\u00edskal \u0159e\u010d.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00f3da let\u016f pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Renzovo uzdraven\u00ed se stalo tituln\u00ed zpr\u00e1vou v cel\u00fdch Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech a brzy za\u010dali do leteck\u00e9 terapie proudit dal\u0161\u00ed pacienti s \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdmi a sluchov\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my. Metoda se stala zn\u00e1mou jako &#8220;lety pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed&#8221; a rychle se stala m\u00f3dou jak v USA, tak v Anglii.<\/p>\n\n<p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed pacienti hl\u00e1sili zna\u010dn\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed sluchu po letech pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed, zat\u00edmco jin\u00ed nepoc\u00edtili \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. \u00da\u010dinnost l\u00e9\u010dby nebyla nikdy v\u011bdecky prok\u00e1z\u00e1na, ale to neodradilo l\u00e9ka\u0159e a kaskad\u00e9rsk\u00e9 piloty od toho, aby ji nab\u00edzeli zoufal\u00fdm pacient\u016fm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Rizika leteck\u00e9 terapie<\/h2>\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco n\u011bkter\u00e9 lety pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed vedly k z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fdm uzdraven\u00edm, jin\u00e9 skon\u010dily trag\u00e9di\u00ed. V dubnu 1928 zahynul p\u0159i leteck\u00e9 hav\u00e1rii profesion\u00e1ln\u00ed pianista, kter\u00fd se pokou\u0161el vyl\u00e9\u010dit svou ztr\u00e1tu sluchu. O \u010dty\u0159i m\u011bs\u00edce pozd\u011bji byl p\u0159i podobn\u00e9 nehod\u011b zabit \u0161estilet\u00fd nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed chlapec a jeho pilot.<\/p>\n\n<p>Jak se rizika leteck\u00e9 terapie st\u00e1vala z\u0159ejm\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e1 komunita za\u010dala jej\u00ed tvrzen\u00ed vyvracet. \u010casopis Journal of the American Medical Association ji ozna\u010dil za &#8220;\u010dasto marnou a \u010dasto smrtelnou&#8221;, zat\u00edmco Deaf-Mutes&#8217; Journal kritizoval rodi\u010de za to, \u017ee vystavuj\u00ed sv\u00e9 d\u011bti nebezpe\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dapadek leteck\u00fdch k\u00far<\/h2>\n\n<p>Koncem 20. let 20. stolet\u00ed za\u010dala m\u00f3da let\u016f pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed upadat. Arm\u00e1da, psychologov\u00e9 a organizace pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed odsoudili tuto metodu jako nev\u011bdeckou. Nav\u00edc mnoho kaskad\u00e9rsk\u00fdch pilot\u016f na\u0161lo jin\u00e9, bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby, jak si vyd\u011bl\u00e1vat na \u017eivobyt\u00ed, nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159epravou leteck\u00e9 po\u0161ty pro po\u0161tovn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odkaz leteck\u00e9 terapie<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159es svou pochybnou \u00fa\u010dinnost a tragick\u00e9 d\u016fsledky sehr\u00e1la leteck\u00e1 terapie jedine\u010dnou roli v historii letectv\u00ed a medic\u00edny. Prok\u00e1zala ochotu l\u00e9ka\u0159\u016f a pacient\u016f zkoumat nekonven\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 metody a zd\u016fraznila v\u00fdznam v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed v l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 praxi.<\/p>\n\n<p>Dnes se leteck\u00e1 terapie ji\u017e nepou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b poruch sluchu nebo \u0159e\u010di. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch a inovativn\u00edch l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fdch metod pro tyto stavy pokra\u010duje a odkaz leteck\u00e9 terapie slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka s\u00edly lidsk\u00e9 vynal\u00e9zavosti a d\u016fle\u017eitosti medic\u00edny zalo\u017een\u00e9 na d\u016fkazech.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dodate\u010dn\u00e9 poznatky<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed leteck\u00e9 akrobacie k vyvol\u00e1n\u00ed psychologick\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010dby bylo nov\u00fdm a kontroverzn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed.<\/li>\n<li>\u00da\u010dinnost leteck\u00fdch k\u00far nebyla nikdy v\u011bdecky prok\u00e1z\u00e1na a v\u00fdsledky se u jednotliv\u00fdch pacient\u016f zna\u010dn\u011b li\u0161ily.<\/li>\n<li>Rizika leteck\u00e9 terapie, v\u010detn\u011b leteck\u00fdch hav\u00e1ri\u00ed a \u00famrt\u00ed, byla zna\u010dn\u00e1 a vyvolala etick\u00e9 obavy.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dapadek let\u016f pro nesly\u0161\u00edc\u00ed byl zp\u016fsoben kombinac\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho skepticismu, dostupnosti bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch alternativ a uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00ed si souvisej\u00edc\u00edch rizik.<\/li>\n<li>Odkaz leteck\u00e9 terapie spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v jej\u00ed demonstraci ochoty zkoumat nekonven\u010dn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010debn\u00e9 metody a d\u016fle\u017eitosti medic\u00edny zalo\u017een\u00e9 na d\u016fkazech.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leteck\u00e9 k\u00fary: Historick\u00e1 perspektiva na l\u00e9\u010dbu hluchoty a \u0159e\u010dov\u00fdch vad Po\u010d\u00e1tky leteck\u00e9 terapie Na po\u010d\u00e1tku 20. stolet\u00ed bylo letectv\u00ed st\u00e1le novou technologi\u00ed a jeho potenci\u00e1l pro l\u00e9ka\u0159sk\u00e9 aplikace se teprve&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3029],"tags":[23451,23452,705,23457,23455,23456,23454,23453],"class_list":["post-17884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-medical-science","tag-airplane-cures","tag-deafness","tag-medical-history","tag-historical-treatments","tag-aviation-therapy","tag-stunt-pilots","tag-speech-impairments","tag-hearing-loss"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17884","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17884"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17884\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17885,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17884\/revisions\/17885"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17884"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17884"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17884"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}