{"id":17928,"date":"2020-01-12T13:33:59","date_gmt":"2020-01-12T13:33:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17928"},"modified":"2020-01-12T13:33:59","modified_gmt":"2020-01-12T13:33:59","slug":"black-marble-jawfish-mimics-mimic-octopus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/marine-science\/black-marble-jawfish-mimics-mimic-octopus\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010cernob\u00edle mramorovan\u00e1 \u010delistnatka \u2013 nov\u00fd mistr mo\u0159sk\u00e9 mimikry"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ryba napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed rybu napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed chobotnici<\/h2>\n\n

Mimikry v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Mimikry je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed strategie p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se jeden druh vyvine tak, aby p\u0159ipom\u00ednal jin\u00fd, \u010dasto nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh. To poskytuje ochranu p\u0159ed pred\u00e1tory, kte\u0159\u00ed si spletou imit\u00e1tora s nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zv\u00ed\u0159etem.<\/p>\n\n

Mistr mimikry: Chobotnice napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Chobotnice napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed (Thaumoctopus mimicus) je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 svou mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou schopnost\u00ed napodobit \u0161irokou \u0161k\u00e1lu mo\u0159sk\u00fdch tvor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b perut\u00fdn\u016f, mo\u0159sk\u00fdch had\u016f a plat\u00fds\u016f. Tohoto pozoruhodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdkonu dosahuje d\u00edky sv\u00fdm v\u00fdrazn\u00fdm barevn\u00fdm vzor\u016fm a schopnosti p\u0159izp\u016fsobit sv\u016fj tvar a chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Objevuje se nov\u00fd imit\u00e1tor: \u010cernob\u00edle mramorovan\u00e1 \u010delistnatka<\/h2>\n\n

V\u011bdci ned\u00e1vno objevili nov\u00e9ho imit\u00e1tora v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b: \u010dernob\u00edle mramorovanou \u010delistnatku (Stalix cf. histrio). Tato mal\u00e1 rybka se vyvinula tak, aby napodobovala vzhled a chov\u00e1n\u00ed chobotnice napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed, a z\u00edskala tak ochranu p\u0159ed pred\u00e1tory.<\/p>\n\n

Oportunn\u00ed mimikry: \u0160\u0165astn\u00e1 n\u00e1hoda<\/h2>\n\n

Mimikry \u010dernob\u00edle mramorovan\u00e9 \u010delistnatky je pova\u017eov\u00e1na za oportunn\u00ed mimikry, proto\u017ee nejde o evolu\u010dn\u00ed adaptaci zam\u011b\u0159enou konkr\u00e9tn\u011b na napodobov\u00e1n\u00ed chobotnice napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed. M\u00edsto toho ryba vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u00e1hodnou podobnost s chobotnic\u00ed, co\u017e j\u00ed poskytuje dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvu ochrany.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdhody mimikry pro \u010dernob\u00edle mramorovanou \u010delistnatku<\/h2>\n\n

\u010cernob\u00edle mramorovan\u00e9 \u010delistnatky jsou \u0161patn\u00ed plavci, a proto obvykle z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed v bl\u00edzkosti sv\u00fdch nor kv\u016fli bezpe\u010d\u00ed. Napodobov\u00e1n\u00edm chobotnice napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed se v\u0161ak \u010delistnatka m\u016f\u017ee odv\u00e1\u017eit do otev\u0159en\u00e9ho mo\u0159e bez obav z predace. Podoba chobotnice s jedovat\u00fdmi mo\u0159sk\u00fdmi tvory ji \u010din\u00ed relativn\u011b bezpe\u010dnou p\u0159ed pred\u00e1tory a \u010delistnatka z tohoto spojen\u00ed t\u011b\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Zbarven\u00ed a mimikry<\/h2>\n\n

Zbarven\u00ed \u010dernob\u00edle mramorovan\u00e9 \u010delistnatky hraje v jej\u00ed mimikry z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli. Jej\u00ed v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 pruhy a barevn\u00fd vzor velmi p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed chobotnici napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed, co\u017e j\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje splynout s okol\u00edm a oklamat pred\u00e1tory.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam mimikry v mo\u0159sk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mech<\/h2>\n\n

Mimikry je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed strategi\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed v mo\u0159sk\u00fdch ekosyst\u00e9mech. Umo\u017e\u0148uje m\u00e9n\u011b agresivn\u00edm druh\u016fm chr\u00e1nit se p\u0159ed pred\u00e1tory napodobov\u00e1n\u00edm nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Tato slo\u017eit\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165 klam\u016f utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed dynamiku mo\u0159sk\u00fdch spole\u010denstev a p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 k celkov\u00e9 biodiverzit\u011b oce\u00e1nu.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

Objev \u010dernob\u00edle mramorovan\u00e9 \u010delistnatky jako imit\u00e1tora chobotnice napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed zd\u016fraz\u0148uje slo\u017eitost a rozmanitost mimikry v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. Ukazuje, jak oportunn\u00ed mimikry m\u016f\u017ee poskytnout ochranu zraniteln\u00fdm druh\u016fm, a p\u0159edstavuje pozoruhodn\u00e9 adaptace, kter\u00e9 se vyvinuly, aby zajistily p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed v podmo\u0159sk\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ryba napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed rybu napodobuj\u00edc\u00ed chobotnici Mimikry v mo\u0159sk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b Mimikry je fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed strategie p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed, p\u0159i n\u00ed\u017e se jeden druh vyvine tak, aby p\u0159ipom\u00ednal jin\u00fd, \u010dasto nebezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh. To poskytuje ochranu…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1300],"tags":[2706,23499,924,3512,361],"class_list":["post-17928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-marine-science","tag-animal-adaptations","tag-fish-behavior","tag-nature-photography","tag-mimicry","tag-marine-biology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17928"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17928\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17929,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17928\/revisions\/17929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}