{"id":17987,"date":"2022-11-05T19:54:08","date_gmt":"2022-11-05T19:54:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=17987"},"modified":"2022-11-05T19:54:08","modified_gmt":"2022-11-05T19:54:08","slug":"mantle-rain-earths-hidden-reservoir-of-water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/earth-science\/mantle-rain-earths-hidden-reservoir-of-water\/","title":{"rendered":"Earth’s Mantle: The Hidden Reservoir of Water and Its Role in Maintaining Surface Water"},"content":{"rendered":"

Zemsk\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165: Skryt\u00fd rezervo\u00e1r vody<\/h2>\n\n

Fenom\u00e9n pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Hluboko pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem, v pl\u00e1\u0161ti, le\u017e\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd rezervo\u00e1r vody, kter\u00fd je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u0161echny oce\u00e1ny na povrchu dohromady. Tato voda nen\u00ed v kapaln\u00e9 form\u011b, ale je chemicky v\u00e1z\u00e1na na okoln\u00ed horninu. Nov\u00fd model vyvinut\u00fd v\u011bdci v\u0161ak nazna\u010duje, \u017ee zna\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9to vody je v pohybu a pohybuje se z pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b k povrchu prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm procesu naz\u00fdvan\u00e9ho \u201epl\u00e1\u0161\u0165ov\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165\u201c.<\/p>\n\n

Hlubok\u00fd vodn\u00ed cyklus<\/h2>\n\n

Hlubok\u00fd vodn\u00ed cyklus se t\u00fdk\u00e1 v\u00fdm\u011bny vody mezi zemsk\u00fdm povrchem a jeho vnit\u0159kem. Tento cyklus hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stability zemsk\u00e9ho povrchov\u00e9ho vodstva a obyvatelnosti. Voda je do pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b un\u00e1\u0161ena subdukuj\u00edc\u00edmi tektonick\u00fdmi deskami, co\u017e jsou \u010d\u00e1sti zemsk\u00e9 k\u016fry, kter\u00e9 se no\u0159\u00ed do pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b. Tuto vodu lze pot\u00e9 p\u0159iv\u00e9st zp\u011bt na povrch prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch proces\u016f, jako jsou sope\u010dn\u00e9 erupce, hydroterm\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u016fduchy a vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed nov\u00e9 k\u016fry v oce\u00e1nsk\u00fdch rozp\u00ednac\u00edch centrech.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee fenom\u00e9n pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b je kl\u00ed\u010dovou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed hlubok\u00e9ho vodn\u00edho cyklu. Kdy\u017e se pevn\u00e1 hornina v pl\u00e1\u0161ti nasyt\u00ed vodou, m\u016f\u017ee se p\u0159em\u011bnit na vodnatou taveninu. Tato tavenina pot\u00e9 prosakuje zp\u011bt k zemsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e a uvol\u0148uje vodu do svrchn\u00edho pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b. Voda se v\u00e1\u017ee na miner\u00e1ly ve svrchn\u00edm pl\u00e1\u0161ti, \u010d\u00edm\u017e sni\u017euje jejich teploty t\u00e1n\u00ed a zp\u016fsobuje v\u00edce taven\u00ed, co\u017e uvol\u0148uje je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce vody. Tento cyklus pokra\u010duje a p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vodu z pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b k povrchu.<\/p>\n\n

Role pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b v obyvatelnosti Zem\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Fenom\u00e9n pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b m\u00e1 v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 d\u016fsledky pro obyvatelnost Zem\u011b. Dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm povrchov\u00e9 vody pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee na zemsk\u00e9m povrchu bude v\u017edy voda, i kdy\u017e budou vy\u010derp\u00e1ny jin\u00e9 vodn\u00ed zdroje. To je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro udr\u017een\u00ed \u017eivota na Zemi.<\/p>\n\n

Mechanismus pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Proces pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1, kdy\u017e se subdukuj\u00edc\u00ed deska horniny a horninov\u011b v\u00e1zan\u00e9 vody no\u0159\u00ed hloub\u011bji do pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b. Jak deska kles\u00e1, zvy\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed se teploty a tlaky zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, \u017ee se horniny tav\u00ed a uvol\u0148uj\u00ed vodu. Tavenina tvo\u0159\u00ed ka\u0161ovitou suspenzi, kter\u00e1 je leh\u010d\u00ed ne\u017e okoln\u00ed hornina a za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 stoupat. Jak stoup\u00e1, voda se v\u00e1\u017ee na miner\u00e1ly ve svrchn\u00edm pl\u00e1\u0161ti, \u010d\u00edm\u017e sni\u017euje jejich teploty t\u00e1n\u00ed a zp\u016fsobuje v\u00edce t\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento cyklus pokra\u010duje a p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161\u00ed vodu z pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b k povrchu.<\/p>\n\n

V\u00fdznam pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b pro pochopen\u00ed minulosti a budoucnosti Zem\u011b<\/h2>\n\n

Model pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b poskytuje nov\u00e9 poznatky o minulosti a budoucnosti Zem\u011b. Nazna\u010duje, \u017ee hlubok\u00fd vodn\u00ed cyklus je slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se d\u0159\u00edve p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dalo, a \u017ee pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00fd d\u00e9\u0161\u0165 hraje z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli v udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed zemsk\u00e9ho povrchov\u00e9ho vodstva a obyvatelnosti. Pochopen\u00ed fenom\u00e9nu pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b m\u016f\u017ee v\u011bdc\u016fm pomoci l\u00e9pe p\u0159edpov\u00eddat, jak se zemsk\u00e9 vodn\u00ed zdroje zm\u011bn\u00ed v budoucnosti, co\u017e je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed pro zvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed nedostatku vody a zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed udr\u017eitelnosti \u017eivota na Zemi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Zemsk\u00fd pl\u00e1\u0161\u0165: Skryt\u00fd rezervo\u00e1r vody Fenom\u00e9n pl\u00e1\u0161t\u011bv\u00e9ho de\u0161t\u011b Hluboko pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem, v pl\u00e1\u0161ti, le\u017e\u00ed obrovsk\u00fd rezervo\u00e1r vody, kter\u00fd je v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e v\u0161echny oce\u00e1ny na povrchu dohromady. Tato voda nen\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[212],"tags":[207,669,2309,23560,210,572,5044,1974],"class_list":["post-17987","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth-science","tag-geology","tag-hydrothermal-vents","tag-habitability","tag-mantle-rain","tag-plate-tectonics","tag-earth-science","tag-water-cycle","tag-volcanology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17987","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17987"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17987\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17988,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17987\/revisions\/17988"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17987"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17987"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17987"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}