{"id":1812,"date":"2023-07-27T08:50:51","date_gmt":"2023-07-27T08:50:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1812"},"modified":"2023-07-27T08:50:51","modified_gmt":"2023-07-27T08:50:51","slug":"the-roots-of-computer-code-in-telegraph-technology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/technology\/the-roots-of-computer-code-in-telegraph-technology\/","title":{"rendered":"Ko\u0159eny po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du v telegrafn\u00ed technologii"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ko\u0159eny po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du v telegrafn\u00ed technologii<\/h2>\n\n

Telegrafn\u00ed k\u00f3d: z\u00e1klad digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace<\/h2>\n\n

Telegrafn\u00ed k\u00f3d, jeho\u017e pr\u016fkopn\u00edky byli vyn\u00e1lezci jako Samuel Morse, polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady modern\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace. Morse\u016fv telegrafn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s jedn\u00edm kl\u00ed\u010dem zp\u016fsobil revoluci v d\u00e1lkov\u00e9 komunikaci, ale nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed roli ve v\u00fdvoji po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch jazyk\u016f sehr\u00e1ly telegrafn\u00ed inovace Jeana-Maurice-\u00c9mila Baudota.<\/p>\n\n

Baudot\u016fv telegrafn\u00ed syst\u00e9m: revolu\u010dn\u00ed pokrok<\/h2>\n\n

\u00c9milie Baudot, narozen\u00fd v roce 1845, byl telegrafn\u00ed oper\u00e1tor, kter\u00fd zasv\u011btil sv\u016fj \u017eivot zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed telegrafn\u00ed technologie. Vych\u00e1zel z d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch inovac\u00ed, jako byly telegrafy Hughes a Meyer, a vyvinul nov\u00fd telegrafn\u00ed syst\u00e9m, kter\u00fd zavedl n\u011bkolik kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch funkc\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n

Nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je, \u017ee Baudot\u016fv telegrafn\u00ed syst\u00e9m pou\u017e\u00edval p\u011btibitov\u00fd bin\u00e1rn\u00ed k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd se stal p\u0159\u00edm\u00fdm p\u0159edch\u016fdcem modern\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch k\u00f3d\u016f. Na rozd\u00edl od d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kter\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaly znaky r\u016fzn\u00e9 d\u00e9lky, Baudot\u016fv k\u00f3d pos\u00edlal znaky v synchronizovan\u00e9m proudu, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd k\u00f3d znaku m\u011bl stejnou d\u00e9lku a obsahoval stejn\u00fd po\u010det prvk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n

Baudot\u016fv k\u00f3d: p\u0159edch\u016fdce ASCII<\/h2>\n\n

Baudot\u016fv bin\u00e1rn\u00ed k\u00f3d, zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Baudot\u016fv k\u00f3d, nab\u00edzel oproti Morseov\u011b abeced\u011b a dal\u0161\u00edm d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm k\u00f3d\u016fm v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v\u00fdhody. D\u00edky sv\u00e9 rychlosti a efektivit\u011b byl \u0161iroce p\u0159ijat a nakonec se stal z\u00e1kladem ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), nejpou\u017e\u00edvan\u011bj\u0161\u00edho k\u00f3du pro p\u0159evod po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch informac\u00ed do slov, kter\u00e1 dnes vid\u00edme na na\u0161ich obrazovk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n

Tiskac\u00ed telegraf: p\u0159edch\u016fdce po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f<\/h2>\n\n

Baudotovy telegrafn\u00ed inovace se net\u00fdkaly pouze bin\u00e1rn\u00edho k\u00f3du. Zavedl tak\u00e9 tiskac\u00ed telegraf, za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zaznamen\u00e1valo telegrafn\u00ed sign\u00e1ly na pap\u00edrovou p\u00e1sku. Tato technologie sehr\u00e1la z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli ve v\u00fdvoji po\u010d\u00edta\u010d\u016f, proto\u017ee umo\u017e\u0148ovala automatizovan\u00fd p\u0159enos a p\u0159\u00edjem dat, \u010d\u00edm\u017e odpadla nutnost lidsk\u00e9ho z\u00e1sahu.<\/p>\n\n

P\u011btikl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 kl\u00e1vesnice a distribu\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Na z\u00e1klad\u011b Meyerova telegrafu Baudot vyvinul distribu\u010dn\u00ed za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 umo\u017enilo v\u00edce p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016fm sd\u00edlet stejn\u00fd vodi\u010d. Jeho prototyp s p\u011btikl\u00ed\u010dovou kl\u00e1vesnic\u00ed byl ve Francii \u0161iroce p\u0159ijat a polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady pro pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed teletypy a d\u00e1lnopisy.<\/p>\n\n

Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed tisk a prvn\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de<\/h2>\n\n

Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed tisk pomoc\u00ed d\u011brovan\u00e9ho pap\u00edru, technologie, kterou jako prvn\u00ed zavedl Baudot, se pou\u017e\u00edval je\u0161t\u011b ve 20. stolet\u00ed a stal se jedn\u00edm z prvn\u00edch z\u00e1znamov\u00fdch m\u00e9di\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00fdch pro elektronick\u00e9 po\u010d\u00edta\u010de ve 40. a 50. letech 20. stolet\u00ed. D\u011brovac\u00ed \u0161t\u00edtky a p\u00e1sov\u00e1 tisk\u00e1rna byly b\u011b\u017en\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edklady t\u00e9to technologie v ran\u00fdch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mech.<\/p>\n\n

Odkaz Baudotov\u00fdch telegrafn\u00edch inovac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n

Baudotovy telegrafn\u00ed inovace m\u011bly z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na v\u00fdvoj modern\u00ed technologie. Jeho p\u011btibitov\u00fd bin\u00e1rn\u00ed k\u00f3d z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 z\u00e1kladem dne\u0161n\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f a jeho tiskac\u00ed telegraf slou\u017eil jako p\u0159edch\u016fdce modern\u00edch digit\u00e1ln\u00edch komunika\u010dn\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed. Baud, jednotka p\u0159enosov\u00e9 rychlosti pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1 pro modemy, je pojmenov\u00e1na na jeho po\u010dest a p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 jeho p\u0159\u00ednos v t\u00e9to oblasti.<\/p>\n\n

Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/h2>\n\n

Ko\u0159eny po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du lze vysledovat a\u017e k pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci telegrafn\u00edch vyn\u00e1lezc\u016f, jako byl Jean-Maurice-\u00c9mile Baudot. Jeho telegrafn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s p\u011btibitov\u00fdm bin\u00e1rn\u00edm k\u00f3dem a tiskac\u00edm telegrafem polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady digit\u00e1ln\u00edho vesm\u00edru, ve kter\u00e9m dnes \u017eijeme. Baudotovy inovace nad\u00e1le ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed modern\u00ed technologie a utv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm komunikujeme a zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1me informace.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ko\u0159eny po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du v telegrafn\u00ed technologii Telegrafn\u00ed k\u00f3d: z\u00e1klad digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace Telegrafn\u00ed k\u00f3d, jeho\u017e pr\u016fkopn\u00edky byli vyn\u00e1lezci jako Samuel Morse, polo\u017eil z\u00e1klady modern\u00ed digit\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace. Morse\u016fv telegrafn\u00ed syst\u00e9m s jedn\u00edm…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[999],"tags":[3904,3905,3454,37,3906],"class_list":["post-1812","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-technology","tag-computer-code","tag-digital-communication","tag-history-of-technology","tag-innovation","tag-telegraph"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1812","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1812"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1812\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1813,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1812\/revisions\/1813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1812"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1812"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1812"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}