{"id":18131,"date":"2019-02-28T07:19:23","date_gmt":"2019-02-28T07:19:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=18131"},"modified":"2019-02-28T07:19:23","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T07:19:23","slug":"leonardo-da-vinci-founding-father-of-ichnology","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/science\/paleontology-and-evolution\/leonardo-da-vinci-founding-father-of-ichnology\/","title":{"rendered":"Leonardo da Vinci: Zakladatel ichnologie"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leonardo da Vinci: Zakladatel ichnologie<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ran\u00fd \u017eivot a z\u00e1jmy<\/h2>\n\n<p>Leonardo da Vinci, narozen\u00fd v roce 1452, byl skute\u010dn\u00fdm renesan\u010dn\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bkem, proslul\u00fdm sv\u00fdmi v\u0161estrann\u00fdmi talenty v um\u011bn\u00ed, v\u011bd\u011b a in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed. Mezi jeho mnoh\u00e9 z\u00e1jmy pat\u0159ilo studium zkamen\u011blin, kter\u00e9 ho nakonec p\u0159ivedlo k pr\u016fkopnick\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvk\u016fm v oboru paleontologie.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce v paleontologii<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ve 15. a 16. stolet\u00ed p\u0159evl\u00e1dalo p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee zkamen\u011bliny jsou pouh\u00fdmi kuriozitami vytvo\u0159en\u00fdmi p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi silami uvnit\u0159 Zem\u011b. Da Vinci v\u0161ak tuto p\u0159edstavu zpochybnil sv\u00fdmi pe\u010dliv\u00fdmi pozorov\u00e1n\u00edmi a logick\u00fdm uva\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">T\u011bln\u00ed fosilie: Odhalen\u00e1 prad\u00e1vn\u00e1 stvo\u0159en\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Da Vinciho zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bln\u00edch fosili\u00ed, jako jsou schr\u00e1nky m\u011bkk\u00fd\u0161\u016f a kor\u00e1l\u016f, odhalilo zn\u00e1mky biologick\u00e9 aktivity, v\u010detn\u011b vrt\u016f vytvo\u0159en\u00fdch \u017eiv\u00fdmi organismy. Porovn\u00e1n\u00edm t\u011bchto fosili\u00ed s podobn\u00fdmi stopami nalezen\u00fdmi ve d\u0159ev\u011b usoudil, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o poz\u016fstatky kdysi \u017eiv\u00fdch tvor\u016f poh\u0159ben\u00fdch ve starov\u011bk\u00fdch sedimentech.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stopov\u00e9 fosilie: Ind\u00edcie minul\u00e9ho \u017eivota<\/h2>\n\n<p>Da Vinci byl tak\u00e9 pr\u016fkopn\u00edkem ve studiu stopov\u00fdch fosili\u00ed, co\u017e jsou d\u016fkazy o chov\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at zachovan\u00e9 ve skal\u00e1ch. Ve sv\u00e9m Codex Leicester zdokumentoval otisky nohou, nory a dal\u0161\u00ed stopy zanechan\u00e9 prehistorick\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty. Tato pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed poskytla cenn\u00e9 poznatky o chov\u00e1n\u00ed a ekologii starov\u011bk\u00fdch forem \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leonardovy bezkonkuren\u010dn\u00ed poznatky<\/h2>\n\n<p>Da Vinciho porozum\u011bn\u00ed organick\u00e9 povaze zkamen\u011blin bylo daleko p\u0159ed jeho dobou. Rozpoznal vztah mezi t\u011bln\u00edmi fosiliemi a stopov\u00fdmi fosiliemi a interpretoval je spr\u00e1vn\u011b dlouho p\u0159ed v\u00fdvojem v\u011bdeck\u00e9 metody.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vliv na paleontologii<\/h2>\n\n<p>P\u0159esto\u017ee Da Vinciho paleontologick\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce z\u016fstala nepublikovan\u00e1, m\u011bla z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vliv na rozvoj tohoto oboru. Jeho poznatky p\u0159edznamenaly pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 teorie Nicolause Stena a Roberta Hookeho v 17. stolet\u00ed, kter\u00e9 stanovily principy paleontologie jako v\u011bdeck\u00e9 discipl\u00edny.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Leonard\u016fv odkaz<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dnes je Leonardo da Vinci uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n jako jeden ze zakladatel\u016f paleontologie. Jeho pr\u016fkopnick\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce nejen\u017ee posunula na\u0161e ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u017eivota, ale tak\u00e9 polo\u017eila z\u00e1klady pro budouc\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9 objevy.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 inovace v ichnologii<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Propojen\u00ed stopov\u00fdch fosili\u00ed s t\u011bln\u00edmi fosiliemi<\/li>\n<li>V\u00fdklad stopov\u00fdch fosili\u00ed jako d\u016fkazu chov\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159at<\/li>\n<li>Pou\u017eit\u00ed srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed anatomie k pochopen\u00ed p\u016fvodu fosili\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>Rozpozn\u00e1n\u00ed geologick\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu fosili\u00ed<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Odhalen\u00ed minulosti: Da Vinciho trval\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky<\/h2>\n\n<p>Leonardo da Vinciho p\u0159\u00edsp\u011bvky k paleontologii sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o jeho neukojiteln\u00e9 zv\u011bdavosti a pr\u016fkopnick\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 mysli. Jeho pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed a poznatky dodnes inspiruj\u00ed a informuj\u00ed paleontology a pom\u00e1haj\u00ed n\u00e1m skl\u00e1dat bohatou tapiserii historie \u017eivota na Zemi.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Leonardo da Vinci: Zakladatel ichnologie Ran\u00fd \u017eivot a z\u00e1jmy Leonardo da Vinci, narozen\u00fd v roce 1452, byl skute\u010dn\u00fdm renesan\u010dn\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bkem, proslul\u00fdm sv\u00fdmi v\u0161estrann\u00fdmi talenty v um\u011bn\u00ed, v\u011bd\u011b a in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed. Mezi&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1011],"tags":[35,21059,6319,137,23715,23716,15312],"class_list":["post-18131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paleontology-and-evolution","tag-science-history","tag-ichnology","tag-leonardo-da-vinci","tag-paleontology","tag-body-fossils","tag-trace-fossils","tag-renaissance-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18131"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18132,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18131\/revisions\/18132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}