Persk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e byla mocn\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dem starov\u011bk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a soupe\u0159ila s \u0159\u00ed\u0161emi, jako bylo \u0158ecko a \u0158\u00edm. Od p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 550 p\u0159. n. l. do 650 n. l. byla \u0159\u00ed\u0161e sv\u011bdkem vzestupu a p\u00e1du t\u0159\u00ed hlavn\u00edch dynasti\u00ed: Achaimenovc\u016f, Parth\u016f a S\u00e1s\u00e1novc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
Jako\u017eto dominantn\u00ed n\u00e1rod z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asie po v\u00edce ne\u017e tis\u00edcilet\u00ed sehr\u00e1la starov\u011bk\u00e1 Persie v\u00fdznamnou roli p\u0159i utv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed klasick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Jej\u00ed kulturn\u00ed tradice ovliv\u0148ovaly a byly ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1ny \u0159eck\u00fdmi a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdmi tradicemi.<\/p>\n\n
Achaimenovskou \u0159\u00ed\u0161i, kterou zalo\u017eil K\u00fdros Velik\u00fd v 6. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l., byla nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed, jakou sv\u011bt do t\u00e9 doby vid\u011bl. Rozkl\u00e1dala se od Indu na v\u00fdchod\u011b a\u017e po Egypt na z\u00e1pad\u011b.<\/p>\n\n
Achaimenovci byli zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi p\u016fsobiv\u00fdmi architektonick\u00fdmi \u00fasp\u011bchy, v\u010detn\u011b n\u00e1dhern\u00e9ho pal\u00e1cov\u00e9ho komplexu v Persepoli. Byli tak\u00e9 zru\u010dn\u00fdmi kovod\u011bln\u00edky a vyr\u00e1b\u011bli n\u00e1dhern\u00e9 artefakty, jako byly zlat\u00e9 \u0161perky a st\u0159\u00edbrn\u00e9 n\u00e1doby na pit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Po p\u00e1du Achaimenovsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e se v jej\u00edm z\u00e1v\u011bsu objevily Parthsk\u00e1 a S\u00e1s\u00e1novsk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. P\u0159esto\u017ee nedos\u00e1hly stejn\u00e9 \u00farovn\u011b \u00fazemn\u00ed expanze jako jejich p\u0159edch\u016fdci, pokra\u010dovaly v persk\u00e9 tradici kulturn\u00ed a um\u011bleck\u00e9 dokonalosti.<\/p>\n\n
Parthov\u00e9 byli zn\u00e1m\u00ed sv\u00fdmi inovativn\u00edmi vojensk\u00fdmi taktikami, v\u010detn\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00edzdn\u00edch lu\u010di\u0161tn\u00edk\u016f. S\u00e1s\u00e1novci byli naopak proslul\u00ed sv\u00fdmi propracovan\u00fdmi dvorn\u00edmi ceremoniemi a podporou um\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
\u0158ecko-persk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky, kter\u00e9 prob\u00edhaly mezi Perskou \u0159\u00ed\u0161\u00ed a \u0159eck\u00fdmi m\u011bstsk\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty v 5. stolet\u00ed p\u0159. n. l., byly ur\u010duj\u00edc\u00edm okam\u017eikem starov\u011bk\u00fdch d\u011bjin. Konflikt za\u010dal perskou invaz\u00ed do \u0158ecka v roce 490 p\u0159. n. l. a vyvrcholil \u0159eck\u00fdm v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm v bitv\u011b u Salaminy v roce 480 p\u0159. n. l.<\/p>\n\n
\u0158ecko-persk\u00e9 v\u00e1lky m\u011bly hlubok\u00fd dopad jak na Persii, tak na \u0158ecko. Pro Persii znamenala por\u00e1\u017eka zvrat v jej\u00edch expanzivn\u00edch ambic\u00edch. Pro \u0158ecko v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed pos\u00edlilo jeho sebev\u011bdom\u00ed a vydl\u00e1\u017edilo cestu pro vzestup Ath\u00e9n jako kulturn\u00ed a politick\u00e9 velmoci.<\/p>\n\n
V roce 334 p\u0159. n. l. zah\u00e1jil Alexandr Velik\u00fd, kr\u00e1l Makedonie, ta\u017een\u00ed s c\u00edlem dob\u00fdt Perskou \u0159\u00ed\u0161i. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika let Alexandr porazil persk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy a etabloval se jako vl\u00e1dce rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e.<\/p>\n\n
Alexandrovo dobyt\u00ed m\u011blo na Persii sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00fd dopad. Na jedn\u00e9 stran\u011b vedlo ke zni\u010den\u00ed achaimenovsk\u00e9 metropole Persepole. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b tak\u00e9 zavedlo do Persie \u0159eckou kulturu a my\u0161lenky, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly trval\u00fd vliv na perskou spole\u010dnost.<\/p>\n\n
Getty Villa v Los Angeles v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b host\u00ed v\u00fdstavu s n\u00e1zvem \u201ePersia: Ancient Iran and the Classical World\u201c. V\u00fdstava p\u0159edstavuje p\u0159es 300 artefakt\u016f z muze\u00ed po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b a poskytuje komplexn\u00ed p\u0159ehled o historii a kultu\u0159e starov\u011bk\u00e9 Persie.<\/p>\n\n
Vystaven\u00e9 artefakty zahrnuj\u00ed sochy, \u0161perky, keramiku a kovov\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty. Nab\u00edzej\u00ed pohled na ka\u017edodenn\u00ed \u017eivot, n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 v\u00edry a um\u011bleck\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011bchy starov\u011bk\u00fdch Per\u0161an\u016f.<\/p>\n\n
V\u00fdstava tak\u00e9 obsahuje interaktivn\u00ed reprodukci pal\u00e1ce v Persepoli, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm za\u017e\u00edt velkolepost tohoto starov\u011bk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta.<\/p>\n\n
D\u011bdictv\u00ed starov\u011bk\u00e9 Persie nad\u00e1le rezonuje i dnes. Jej\u00ed architektonick\u00e9 z\u00e1zraky, um\u011bleck\u00e1 mistrovsk\u00e1 d\u00edla a kulturn\u00ed tradice inspirovaly nespo\u010det generac\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n
Studium starov\u011bk\u00e9 Persie n\u00e1m pom\u00e1h\u00e1 pochopit propojenost starov\u011bk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta. Vrh\u00e1 tak\u00e9 sv\u011btlo na slo\u017eit\u00fd vztah mezi V\u00fdchodem a Z\u00e1padem a zp\u016fsoby, jak\u00fdmi r\u016fzn\u00e9 kultury ovliv\u0148ovaly a utv\u00e1\u0159ely jedna druhou.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Starov\u011bk\u00e1 Persie: Rival \u0158ecka a \u0158\u00edma Persk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e: Velmoc klasick\u00e9ho sv\u011bta Persk\u00e1 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e byla mocn\u00fdm hr\u00e1\u010dem starov\u011bk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a soupe\u0159ila s \u0159\u00ed\u0161emi, jako bylo \u0158ecko a \u0158\u00edm. Od p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 550…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[23736,18282,23741,23739,23734,23737,23740,23735,23738,23733],"class_list":["post-18156","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-achaemenid-empire","tag-alexander-the-great","tag-getty-villa","tag-greco-persian-wars","tag-classical-world","tag-parthian-empire","tag-persepolis","tag-persian-empire","tag-sasanian-empire","tag-ancient-persia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18156","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18156"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18156\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18157,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18156\/revisions\/18157"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18156"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18156"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18156"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}