{"id":1818,"date":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","date_gmt":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/?p=1818"},"modified":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","modified_gmt":"2023-03-07T09:53:56","slug":"swilling-the-planters-with-bumbo-when-booze-bought-elections","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/uncategorized\/swilling-the-planters-with-bumbo-when-booze-bought-elections\/","title":{"rendered":"Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f rumem: Kdy\u017e chlast kupoval volby"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f rumem: Kdy\u017e chlast kupoval volby<\/h2>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vznik volebn\u00edho \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>V po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch americk\u00e9 demokracie se politi\u010dt\u00ed kandid\u00e1ti uchylovali k netradi\u010dn\u00edm taktik\u00e1m, aby z\u00edskali hlasy. Jednou z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch praktik bylo upl\u00e1cet voli\u010de j\u00eddlem a pit\u00edm, strategie zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201enap\u00e1jen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f rumem\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<p>Tato praxe byla tak roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e1 a p\u0159ij\u00edman\u00e1, \u017ee kandid\u00e1ti, kte\u0159\u00ed se j\u00ed odm\u00edtli \u00fa\u010dastnit, \u010dasto \u010delili obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9mu boji. Nap\u0159\u00edklad James Madison prohr\u00e1l volby v roce 1777, proto\u017ee odm\u00edtl nab\u00eddnout voli\u010d\u016fm \u201ezka\u017een\u00fd vliv lihovin a dal\u0161\u00edch po\u017eitk\u016f\u201c.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">George Washingtonova opil\u00e1 kampa\u0148<\/h2>\n\n<p>Dokonce i George Washington, otec na\u0161\u00ed zem\u011b, byl zn\u00e1m\u00fd t\u00edm, \u017ee pou\u017e\u00edval alkohol k ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f. Kdy\u017e poprv\u00e9 kandidoval na funkci ve Virginsk\u00e9m sn\u011bmovn\u011b m\u011b\u0161\u0165an\u016f, p\u0159i\u010d\u00edtal svou por\u00e1\u017eku sv\u00e9 neschopnosti poskytnout dostatek alkoholu. O dva roky pozd\u011bji \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyhr\u00e1l volby pot\u00e9, co rozdal voli\u010d\u016fm 144 galon\u016f rumu, pun\u010de, tvrd\u00e9ho cideru a piva.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Politick\u00e9 strany pozvedaj\u00ed pod\u00edvanou<\/h2>\n\n<p>V 19. stolet\u00ed povznesly politick\u00e9 strany taktiku krmen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f na velkolepou pod\u00edvanou. V \u0159\u00edjnu 1876 uspo\u0159\u00e1dali republik\u00e1ni v Brooklynu masivn\u00ed grilov\u00e1n\u00ed kampan\u011b, kde upekli cel\u00e9 dva voly a rozd\u011blili maso na sendvi\u010de pro odhadem 50 000 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Katastrof\u00e1ln\u00ed pe\u010den\u00ed vol\u016f demokraty Douglase<\/h2>\n\n<p>Ne v\u0161echny takov\u00e9 akce prob\u011bhly hladce. V roce 1860 po\u0159\u00e1dali Douglasovi demokrat\u00e9 \u201eVelk\u00fd politick\u00fd karneval a pe\u010den\u00ed vol\u016f\u201c v Jonesov\u011b lese, kter\u00fd p\u0159il\u00e1kal 20 000 a\u017e 30 000 lid\u00ed. Akci v\u0161ak naru\u0161il chaotick\u00fd n\u00e1por na j\u00eddlo, kter\u00fd nechal mnoho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edk\u016f zklaman\u00fdch a hladov\u00fdch.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Vliv j\u00eddla a pit\u00ed na volby<\/h2>\n\n<p>Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 definitivn\u011b \u0159\u00edci, zda tyto opulentn\u00ed hostiny ovlivnily v\u00fdsledek voleb. Av\u0161ak skute\u010dnost, \u017ee kandid\u00e1ti v t\u00e9to praxi pokra\u010dovali, nazna\u010duje, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee je \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 p\u0159i ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00dapadek volebn\u00edho \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Postupem \u010dasu praxe nap\u00e1jen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f rumem postupn\u011b upadala. To bylo \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zp\u016fsobeno n\u00e1stupem sofistikovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edch volebn\u00edch taktik a rostouc\u00edm pov\u011bdom\u00edm o zkorumpovan\u00e9m vlivu pen\u011bz v politice.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">D\u011bdictv\u00ed volebn\u00edho \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n<p>Praxe volebn\u00edho \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e1 vybledla, ale jej\u00ed d\u011bdictv\u00ed z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1. Slou\u017e\u00ed jako p\u0159ipom\u00ednka toho, kam a\u017e kandid\u00e1ti za\u0161li, aby z\u00edskali hlasy, a jak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je zachovat integritu volebn\u00edho procesu.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Dal\u0161\u00ed \u00favahy<\/h2>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Praxe poho\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f lze vysledovat a\u017e do starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma a \u0158ecka.<\/li>\n<li>Ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech bylo volebn\u00ed \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed technicky nez\u00e1konn\u00e9, ale \u010dasto bylo tolerov\u00e1no nebo p\u0159ehl\u00ed\u017eeno.<\/li>\n<li>Term\u00edn \u201enap\u00e1jen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f rumem\u201c odkazuje na praxi distribuce alkoholu voli\u010d\u016fm, zejm\u00e9na rumu, kter\u00fd byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b popul\u00e1rn\u00edm n\u00e1pojem.<\/li>\n<li>P\u0159es roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159enost volebn\u00edho \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee na ur\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdsledku voleb hr\u00e1ly roli tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed faktory, jako jsou politiky kandid\u00e1t\u016f a jejich osobn\u00ed vlastnosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nap\u00e1jen\u00ed voli\u010d\u016f rumem: Kdy\u017e chlast kupoval volby Vznik volebn\u00edho \u00faplatk\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed V po\u010d\u00e1tc\u00edch americk\u00e9 demokracie se politi\u010dt\u00ed kandid\u00e1ti uchylovali k netradi\u010dn\u00edm taktik\u00e1m, aby z\u00edskali hlasy. Jednou z b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch praktik bylo upl\u00e1cet&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[3914,19,3912,3913,3685],"class_list":["post-1818","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized","tag-united-states-history","tag-american-history","tag-election-bribery","tag-political-campaigns","tag-voting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1818"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1819,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1818\/revisions\/1819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1818"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1818"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.lifescienceart.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1818"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}